Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Project

Dept. of Marine Sciences University of Georgia Athens Georgia 30602-3636 USA

gcelter@uga.edu http://gce-lter.marsci.uga.edu/ This is a partial listing of common species that occur in the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems Long Term Ecological Research Project study domain. The list has been constructed mainly from anecdotal observations at monitoring sites but also includes species which are likely to occur but which have not been observed directly. This listing was generated dynamically from the GCE Taxonomic Database on Friday, September 05, 2008 Sapelo Island Georgia USA GCE LTER Population Dynamics systematics species All publications based on this data set must cite Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER project, and two copies of the manuscript must be submitted to the GCE-LTER Information Management Office /public/app/all_species_lists.asp Kingdom Animalia Phylum Mollusca Class Bivalvia Subclass Heterodonta Order Veneroida Superfamily Veneroidea Family Veneridae Genus Gemma Species Gemma gemma Amethyst gemclam Order Eulamellibranchia Genus Cyrenoida Species Cyrenoida floridana Florida or Dall's marsh clam Genus Polymesoda Species Polymesoda caroliniana Carolina marsh clam Genus Tagelus Species Tagelus plebeius Stout razor clam Order Filibranchia Genus Amygdalum Species Amygdalum papyrium Paper mussel Genus Crassostrea Species Crassostrea virginica Eastern or American oyster Genus Geukensia Species Geukensia demissa Ribbed mussel Superfamily Mytilacea Family Mytilidae Genus Perna Species Perna viridis Green mussel Class Gastropoda Order Archaeogastropoda Genus Neritina Species Neritina usnea (= reclivata) Olive Nerite Order Basommatophora Genus Detracia Species Detracia floridana Florida Melampus Genus Melampus Species Melampus bidentatus Eastern Melampus Order Mesogastropoda Family Hydrobiidae Genus Ilyanassa Species Ilyanassa obsoleta Mud snail Genus Littoraria Species Littoraria irrorata Marsh periwinkle Order Neotaenioglossa Family Assimineidae Genus Assiminea Species Assiminea succinea Atlantic assiminea Order Stylommatophora Family Succineidae Phylum Arthropoda Class Crustacea Superorder Eucarida Order Decapoda Suborder Pleocyemata Infraorder Caridea Superfamily Alpheoidea Family Hippolytidae Genus Lysmata Species Lysmata wurdemanni Peppermint shrimp Order Amphipoda Genus Gammarus Species Gammarus palustris Genus Hyalella Species Hyalella azteca Genus Orchestia Species Orchestia grillus Common marsh hopper Species Orchestia uhleri Uhler's marsh hopper Genus Ulorchestia Species Ulorchestia spartinophylla Order Cirripedia Genus Chthamalus Species Chthamalus fragilis Order Decapoda Family Porcellanidae Genus Petrolisthes Species Petrolisthes armatus Green porcelain crab Family Portunidae Genus Callinectes Species Callinectes exasperatus Rugose swimming crab Genus Armases Species Armases cinereum Square backed, or wharf crab Genus Callinectes Species Callinectes sapidus Common blue crab Genus Eurytium Species Eurytium limosum White-clawed mud crab Genus Palaemonetes Species Palaemonetes pugio Marsh grass shrimp Genus Sesarma Species Sesarma reticulatum Purple marsh crab Genus Uca Species Uca minax Red-jointed fiddler crab Species Uca pugilator Sand fiddler crab Species Uca pugnax Mud fiddler crab Order Isopoda Genus Cyathura Species Cyathura burbancki Species Cyathura polita Genus Probopyrus Species Probopyrus pandalicola Order Tanaidacea Genus Hargaria Species Hargaria rapax Class Insecta Subclass Pterygota Infraclass Neoptera Order Coleoptera Suborder Polyphaga Infraorder Cucujiformia Superfamily Chrysomeloidea Family Chrysomelidae Subfamily Eumolpinae Tribe Typophorini Genus Paria Species Paria aterrima Subfamily Galerucinae Tribe Galerucini Genus Ophraella Species Ophraella notulata Order Orthoptera Suborder Caelifera Infraorder Acrididea Superfamily Acridoidea Family Acrididae Subfamily Cyrtacanthacridinae Genus Schistocerca Species Schistocerca obscura Obscure bird grasshopper Subfamily Gomphocerinae Genus Mermiria Species Mermiria intertexta Genus Orphulella Species Orphulella pelidna Subfamily Melanoplinae Genus Hesperotettix Species Hesperotettix floridensis Florida purple striped grasshopper Genus Paroxya Species Paroxya clavuliger Salt marsh grasshopper Suborder Ensifera Infraorder Tettigoniidea Superfamily Tettigonioidea Family Tettigoniidae Subfamily Conocephalinae Genus Conocephalus Species Conocephalus aigialus Species Conocephalus fasciatus Slender meadow grasshopper Species Conocephalus hygrophilus Species Conocephalus nigropleuroides Species Conocephalus spartinae Salt marsh meadow grasshopper Genus Neoconocephalus Species Neoconocephalus melanorhinus Genus Orchelimum Species Orchelimum concinnum Dusky-faced meadow grasshopper Species Orchelimum fidicinium Order Coleoptera Genus Trirhabda Species Trirhabda baccharidis Order Diptera Family Ceratopogonidae Family Chironomidae Family Culicidae Family Ephydridae Family Tabanidae Order Homoptera Genus Prokelisia Species Prokelisia marginata Order Lepidoptera Genus Spargonothis Species Spargonothis spp Order Orthoptera Family Romaleidae Genus Romalea Species Romalea guttatus Eastern lubber grasshopper Phylum Annelida Class Oligochaeta Order Plesiopora Family Enchytraeidae Family Tubificidae Class Polychaeta Order Capitellida Genus Capitella Species Capitella capitata Genus Heteromastus Species Heteromastus filiformis Order Phyllodocida Genus Laeonereis Species Laeonereis culveri Genus Namalycastis Species Namalycastis abiuma Genus Neanthes Species Neanthes succinea Order Sabellida Genus Manayunkia Species Manayunkia aestuarina Order Spionida Genus Streblospio Species Streblospio benedicti Kingdom Plantae Subkingdom Tracheobionta Division Pteridophyta Class Filicopsida Subclass Polypodiidae Order Polypodiales Family Osmundaceae Genus Osmunda Species Osmunda regalis Royal fern Division Coniferophyta Class Pinopsida Order Pinales Family Cupressaceae Genus Juniperus Species Juniperus virginiana Southern red cedar Variety silicicola Family Taxodiaceae Genus Taxodium Species Taxodium distichum Bald cypress Division Magnoliophyta Class Liliopsida Subclass Alismatidae Order Alismatales Family Alismataceae Genus Sagittaria Species Sagittaria latifolia Duck potato Subclass Arecidae Order Arales Family Araceae Genus Peltandra Species Peltandra virginica Arrow Arum Subclass Commelinidae Order Cyperales Family Cyperaceae Genus Carex Species Carex spp Sedges Genus Cyperus Species Cyperus spp Sedges Genus Eleocharis Species Eleocharis spp Spikerushes Genus Fimbristylis Species Fimbristylis spadicea Marsh Fimbristylis Genus Scirpus Species Scirpus americanus American threesquare Species Scirpus olneyi Olney threesquare Species Scirpus robustus Saltmarsh bulrush Species Scirpus validus Giant bulrush Family Poaceae Genus Distichlis Species Distichlis spicata Salt grass Genus Monanthochloe Species Monanthochloe littoralis Shoregrass Genus Panicum Species Panicum spp Panicgrass, panicum Genus Spartina Species Spartina alterniflora Cordgrass Species Spartina bakeri Sand cordgrass Species Spartina cynosuroides Giant cordgrass Species Spartina patens Saltmeadow hay Species Spartina spartinae Gulf cordgrass Genus Sporobolus Species Sporobolus virginicus Seashore dropseed Genus Zizaniopsis Species Zizaniopsis miliacea Southern wild rice Order Juncales Family Juncaceae Genus Juncus Species Juncus effusus Soft rush Species Juncus roemerianus Black needle rush Order Typhales Family Typhaceae Genus Typha Species Typha angustifolia Narrow-leaved cattail Subclass Lilidae Order Liliales Family Pontederiaceae Genus Pontederia Species Pontederia cordata Pickerelweed Class Magnoliopsida Subclass Asteridae Order Asterales Family Asteraceae Genus Aster Species Aster tenuifolius Saltmarsh Aster Genus Baccharis Species Baccharis halimifolia Silverling, groundsel tree Genus Borrichia Species Borrichia frutescens Sea oxeye daisy Genus Helianthus Species Helianthus annuus Annual sunflower Genus Iva Species Iva frutescens Marsh elder Genus Mikania Species Mikania scandens Climbing hempweed Genus Rayjacksonia Species Rayjacksonia phyllocephala Camphor daisy Genus Solidago Species Solidago sempervirens Seaside goldenrod Order Gentianales Family Asclepiadaceae Genus Cynanchum Species Cynanchum angustifolium Gulf coast swallow-wort Family Gentianaceae Genus Eustoma Species Eustoma exaltatum Catchfly prairie gentian Genus Sabatia Species Sabatia arenicola sand rose gentian Species Sabatia stellaris Marsh pink Order Lamiales Family Verbenaceae Genus Avicennia Species Avicennia germinans Black mangrove Order Rubiales Family Rubiaceae Genus Cephalanthus Species Cephalanthus occidentalis Button bush Order Scrophulariales Family Scrophulariaceae Genus Agalinis Species Agalinis maritima Saltmarsh false foxglove Order Solanales Family Cuscutaceae Genus Cuscuta Species Cuscuta indecora Bigseed alfalfa dodder Family Solanaceae Genus Lycium Species Lycium carolinianum Carolina desert-thorn Subclass Caryophyllidae Order Caryophyllales Family Aizoaceae Genus Sesuvium Species Sesuvium portulacastrum Shoreline seapurslane Family Cactaceae Genus Opuntia Species Opuntia humifusa Devil's-tongue Family Chenopodiaceae Genus Atriplex Species Atriplex patula Orach Genus Salicornia Species Salicornia bigelovii Glasswort, Samphire Species Salicornia europaea Glasswort, Samphire Species Salicornia virginica Pickleweed Order Plumbaginales Family Plumbaginaceae Genus Limonium Species Limonium carolinianum Sea lavender Order Polygonales Family Polygonaceae Genus Polygonum Species Polygonum spp Smartweeds Genus Rumex Species Rumex verticillatus Swamp dock Subclass Dilleniidae Order Batales Family Bataceae Genus Batis Species Batis maritima Saltwort Order Malvales Family Malvaceae Genus Kosteletzkya Species Kosteletzkya virginica Marsh mallow Subclass Rosidae Order Apiales Family Apiaceae Genus Lilaeopsis Species Lilaeopsis chinensis Order Cornales Family Nyssaceae Genus Nyssa Species Nyssa aquatica Tupelo gum Species Nyssa sylvatica Black gum Family Chenopodiaceae Genus Suaeda Species Suaeda linearis Kingdom Fungi Phylum Ascomycota Class Dothideomycetes Order Dothideales Family Mycosphaerellaceae Genus Mycosphaerella Species Mycosphaerella species 2 Family Phaeosphaeriaceae Genus Phaeosphaeria Species Phaeosphaeria halima Species Phaeosphaeria spartinicola Class Sordariomycetes Order Phyllachorales (uncertain) Family Magnaporthaceae Genus Buergenerula Species Buergenerula spartinae Genus Tracylla Species Tracylla spartinae 2008-09-05 GCE-LTER Information Manager

Dept. of Marine Sciences University of Georgia Athens Georgia 30602-3636 USA

gcelter@uga.edu James T. Hollibaugh principalInvestigator Steven C. Pennings principalInvestigator Wade M. Sheldon informationManager We propose to establish a Long Term Ecological Research site on the central Georgia coast in the vicinity of Sapelo Island. This is a barrier island and marsh complex with the Altamaha River, one of the largest and least developed rivers on the east coast of the US, as the primary source of fresh water. The proposed study would investigate the linkages between local and distant upland areas mediated by water - surface water and ground water - delivery to the coastal zone. We would explicitly examine the relationship between variability in environmental factors driven by river flow, primarily salinity because we can measure it at high frequency, and ecosystem processes and structure. We will accomplish this by comparing estuary/marsh complexes separated from the Altamaha River by one or two lagoonal estuary/marsh complexes that damp and attenuate the river signal. This spatial gradient is analogous to the temporal trend in riverine influence expected as a result of development in the watershed. We will implement a monitoring system that documents physical and biological variables and use the time trends and spatial distributions of these variables and of their variance structure to address questions about the factors controlling distributions, trophic structure, diversity, and biogeochemistry. An existing GIS-based hydrologic model will be modified to incorporate changes in river water resulting from changes in land use patterns that can be expected as the watershed develops. This model will be linked to ecosystem models and will serve as an heuristic and management tool. Another consequence of coastal development is that as river flow decreases, groundwater flow increases and becomes nutrified. We will compare the effects of ground water discharge from the surficial aquifer in relatively pristine (Sapelo Island) versus more urbanized (mainland) sites to assess the relative importance of fresh water versus nutrients to productivity, structure and biomass turnover rate in marshes influenced by groundwater. We will also investigate the effect of marine processes (tides, storm surge) on mixing across the fresh/salt interface in the surficial aquifer. Additional physical studies will relate the morphology of salt marsh - tidal creek channel complexes to tidal current distributions and exchange. These findings will be incorporated into a physical model that will be coupled to an existing ecosystem model. The land/ocean margin ecosystem lies at the interface between two ecosystems in which distinctly different groups of decomposers control organic matter degradation. The terrestrial ecosystem is largely dominated by fungal decomposers, while bacterial decomposers dominate the marine ecosystem. Both groups are important in salt marsh-dominated ecosystems. Specific studies will examine, at the level of individual cells and hyphae, the relationship bacteria and fungi in the consortia that decompose standing dead Spartina and other marsh plants and examine how, or if, this changes along the salinity gradient. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement #OCE-9982133 (May 2000 to May 2006). Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in the material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. gce-user read public read