I. Data Set Descriptors A. Title: Steven C. Pennings. 2012. Fall 2012 crab population monitoring: mid-marsh and creek bank abundance based on crab hole counts at GCE marsh, monitoring sites 1-10. Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Data Catalog (data set INV-GCEM-1212; http://gce-lter.marsci.uga.edu/public/app/dataset_details.asp?accession=INV-GCEM-1212) B. Accession Number: INV-GCEM-1212 C. Description 1. Originator(s): Name: Steven C. Pennings Address: Department of Biology and Biochemistry University of Houston Houston, Texas 77204-5513 Country: USA Email: scpennin@central.uh.edu 2. Abstract: This data set is the Fall 2012 estimate of crab densities at the GCE-LTER marsh sites used for population monitoring. Crab abundance was determined by counting the number of crab holes within a 625 cm^2 quadrat and converting the counts to number per square meter. Counts were made in the mid-marsh and creek bank zones (n = 4 per zone) at GCE sites 1 through 10. This method does not differentiate which species made a particular hole and therefore only estimates total crab abundance. Plugged holes were excluded from the counts. 3. Study Type: Monitoring 4. Study Themes: Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology 5. LTER Core Areas: Populations 6. Georeferences: geographic coordinates as data columns 7. Submission Date: Dec 03, 2012 D. Keywords: Animalia, Armases, Armases cinereum, Arthropoda, Bilateria, Brachyura, crabs, creek bank, Crustacea, Decapoda, density, Ecdysozoa, Eucarida, Eumalacostraca, Eurytium, Eurytium limosum, fall, GCE, Georgia, Georgia Coastal Ecosystems, Grapsoidea, intertidal, LTER, Malacostraca, marshes, mid-marsh, monitoring, mud, Ocypodidae, Ocypodoidea, Panopeidae, permanent plots, Pleocyemata, population dynamics, Populations, Protostomia, Sapelo Island, Sesarma, Sesarma reticulatum, Sesarmidae, Uca, Uca minax, Uca pugilator, Uca pugnax, USA, Xanthoidea II. Research Origin Descriptors A. Overall Project Description 1. Project Title: Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Project III 2. Principal Investigators: Name: Merryl Alber Address: Dept. of Marine Sciences University of Georgia Athens, Georgia 30602-3636 Country: USA Email: malber@uga.edu 3. Funding Period: Nov 01, 2012 to Nov 01, 2018 4. Objectives: The research proposed for GCE-III is designed to address how variations in salinity and inundation, driven by climate change and anthropogenic factors, affect biotic and ecosystem responses at different spatial and temporal scales, and to predict the consequences of these changes for habitat provisioning and carbon (C) sequestration across the coastal landscape. 5. Abstract: The Georgia Coastal Ecosystems (GCE) LTER is located along three adjacent sounds on the Atlantic coast and includes both intertidal marshes and estuaries. Long-term drivers of climate change, sea level rise and human alterations of the landscape will cause transitions in dominant habitat types (state changes) within the GCE domain by changing the amounts and patterns of water delivery across the landscape. These changes in water delivery can be conceptualized as presses and pulses in river inflow, local runoff, groundwater input, and tidal inundation, which will in turn manifest themselves as changes in salinity and inundation patterns in the domain. The research proposed for GCE-III is designed to address how variations in salinity and inundation, driven by climate change and anthropogenic factors, affect biotic and ecosystem responses at different spatial and temporal scales, and to predict the consequences of these changes for habitat provisioning and carbon (C) sequestration across the coastal landscape. The goals are to: 1) Track long-term changes in climate and human actions in the watershed and adjacent uplands, and evaluate the effects of these drivers on domain boundary conditions. 2) Describe temporal and spatial variability in physical, chemical, geological and biological, and to evaluate how they are affected by variations in river inflow and other boundary conditions. 3) Characterize the responses of three dominant habitats in the domain to pulses and presses in salinity and inundation. 4) Describe patterns of habitat provisioning and C sequestration and export in the GCE domain, and to evaluate how these might be affected by changes in salinity and inundation. These efforts will be synthesized into a synoptic understanding of both biotic and ecosystem responses to variations in salinity and inundation driven by climate change and human activities, which will be used to assess thresholds between habitats and the potential for state changes in the domain. 6. Funding Source: NSF OCE 1237140 B. Sub-project Description 1. Site Description a. Geographic Location: GCE1 -- Eulonia, Georgia, USA GCE10 -- Hunt Camp, Sapelo Island, Georgia, USA GCE2 -- Four Mile Island, Georgia, USA GCE3 -- North Sapelo, Sapelo Island, Georgia, USA GCE4 -- Meridian, Georgia, USA GCE5 -- Folly River, Georgia, USA GCE6 -- Dean Creek, Sapelo Island, Georgia, USA GCE7 -- Carrs Island, Georgia, USA GCE8 -- Alligator Creek, Georgia, USA GCE9 -- Rockdedundy Island, Georgia, USA GCE10_CB1 -- GCE10 creek bank plot 1 GCE10_CB13 -- GCE10 creek bank plot 13 GCE10_CB6 -- GCE10 creek bank plot 6 GCE10_CB8 -- GCE10 creek bank plot 8 GCE10_JN1 -- GCE10 mid-marsh Juncus plot 1 GCE10_JN3 -- GCE10 mid-marsh Juncus plot 3 GCE10_JN6 -- GCE10 mid-marsh Juncus plot 6 GCE10_JN8 -- GCE10 mid-marsh Juncus plot 8 GCE10_MM1 -- GCE10 mid-marsh plot 1 GCE10_MM3 -- GCE10 mid-marsh plot 3 GCE10_MM6 -- GCE10 mid-marsh plot 6 GCE10_MM8 -- GCE10 mid-marsh plot 8 GCE1_CB1 -- GCE1 creek bank plot 1 GCE1_CB13 -- GCE1 creek bank plot 13 GCE1_CB28 -- GCE1 creek bank plot 28 GCE1_CB36 -- GCE1 creek bank plot 36 GCE1_MM1 -- GCE1 mid-marsh plot 1 GCE1_MM3 -- GCE1 mid-marsh plot 3 GCE1_MM6 -- GCE1 mid-marsh plot 6 GCE1_MM8 -- GCE1 mid-marsh plot 8 GCE2_CB21 -- GCE2 creek bank plot 21 GCE2_CB23 -- GCE2 creek bank plot 23 GCE2_CB48 -- GCE2 creek bank plot 48 GCE2_CB6 -- GCE2 creek bank plot 6 GCE2_MM1 -- GCE2 mid-marsh plot 1 GCE2_MM3 -- GCE2 mid-marsh plot 3 GCE2_MM6 -- GCE2 mid-marsh plot 6 GCE2_MM8 -- GCE2 mid-marsh plot 8 GCE3_CB1 -- GCE3 creek bank plot 1 GCE3_CB3 -- GCE3 creek bank plot 3 GCE3_CB6 -- GCE3 creek bank plot 6 GCE3_CB8 -- GCE3 creek bank plot 8 GCE3_MM1 -- GCE3 mid-marsh plot 1 GCE3_MM3 -- GCE3 mid-marsh plot 3 GCE3_MM6 -- GCE3 mid-marsh plot 6 GCE3_MM8 -- GCE3 mid-marsh plot 8 GCE4_CB1 -- GCE4 creek bank plot 1 GCE4_CB3 -- GCE4 creek bank plot 3 GCE4_CB46 -- GCE4 creek bank plot 46 GCE4_CB8 -- GCE4 creek bank plot 8 GCE4_MM1 -- GCE4 mid-marsh plot 1 GCE4_MM3 -- GCE4 mid-marsh plot 3 GCE4_MM6 -- GCE4 mid-marsh plot 6 GCE4_MM8 -- GCE4 mid-marsh plot 8 GCE5_CB1 -- GCE5 creek bank plot 1 GCE5_CB3 -- GCE5 creek bank plot 3 GCE5_CB6 -- GCE5 creek bank plot 6 GCE5_CB8 -- GCE5 creek bank plot 8 GCE5_MM1 -- GCE5 mid-marsh plot 1 GCE5_MM3 -- GCE5 mid-marsh plot 3 GCE5_MM6 -- GCE5 mid-marsh plot 6 GCE5_MM8 -- GCE5 mid-marsh plot 8 GCE6_CB1 -- GCE6 creek bank plot 1 GCE6_CB23 -- GCE6 creek bank plot 23 GCE6_CB6 -- GCE6 creek bank plot 6 GCE6_CB8 -- GCE6 creek bank plot 8 GCE6_MM1 -- GCE6 mid-marsh plot 1 GCE6_MM3 -- GCE6 mid-marsh plot 3 GCE6_MM6 -- GCE6 mid-marsh plot 6 GCE6_MM8 -- GCE6 mid-marsh plot 8 GCE7_CB1 -- GCE7 creek bank plot 1 GCE7_CB3 -- GCE7 creek bank plot 3 GCE7_CB6 -- GCE7 creek bank plot 6 GCE7_CB8 -- GCE7 creek bank plot 8 GCE7_MM1 -- GCE7 mid-marsh plot 1 GCE7_MM3 -- GCE7 mid-marsh plot 3 GCE7_MM6 -- GCE7 mid-marsh plot 6 GCE7_MM8 -- GCE7 mid-marsh plot 8 GCE8_CB26 -- GCE8 creek bank plot 26 GCE8_CB28 -- GCE8 creek bank plot 28 GCE8_CB3 -- GCE8 creek bank plot 3 GCE8_CB31 -- GCE8 creek bank plot 31 GCE8_MM1 -- GCE8 mid-marsh plot 1 GCE8_MM13 -- GCE8 mid-marsh plot 13 GCE8_MM18 -- GCE8 mid-marsh plot 18 GCE8_MM6 -- GCE8 mid-marsh plot 6 GCE9_CB11 -- GCE9 creek bank plot 11 GCE9_CB18 -- GCE9 creek bank plot 18 GCE9_CB26 -- GCE9 creek bank plot 26 GCE9_CB33 -- GCE9 creek bank plot 33 GCE9_JN1 -- GCE9 Juncus plot 1 GCE9_JN3 -- GCE9 Juncus plot 3 GCE9_JN6 -- GCE9 Juncus plot 6 GCE9_JN8 -- GCE9 Juncus plot 8 GCE9_MM1 -- GCE9 mid-marsh plot 1 GCE9_MM3 -- GCE9 mid-marsh plot 3 GCE9_MM6 -- GCE9 mid-marsh plot 6 GCE9_MM8 -- GCE9 mid-marsh plot 8 Coordinates: GCE1 -- NW: 81 25 42.5 W, 31 32 48.3 N NE: 81 24 38.6 W, 31 32 48.3 N SE: 81 24 38.6 W, 31 32 02.3 N SW: 81 25 42.5 W, 31 32 02.3 N GCE10 -- NW: 81 17 43.8 W, 31 29 49.3 N NE: 81 15 32.1 W, 31 29 49.3 N SE: 81 15 32.1 W, 31 27 44.4 N SW: 81 17 43.8 W, 31 27 44.4 N GCE2 -- NW: 81 19 08.3 W, 31 33 09.2 N NE: 81 17 34.2 W, 31 33 09.2 N SE: 81 17 34.2 W, 31 32 01.0 N SW: 81 19 08.3 W, 31 32 01.0 N GCE3 -- NW: 81 13 59.7 W, 31 32 48.7 N NE: 81 11 44.4 W, 31 32 48.7 N SE: 81 11 44.4 W, 31 30 54.7 N SW: 81 13 59.7 W, 31 30 54.7 N GCE4 -- NW: 81 22 14.7 W, 31 27 48.7 N NE: 81 21 26.1 W, 31 27 48.7 N SE: 81 21 26.1 W, 31 26 54.3 N SW: 81 22 14.7 W, 31 26 54.3 N GCE5 -- NW: 81 21 15.9 W, 31 26 33.1 N NE: 81 19 37.9 W, 31 26 33.1 N SE: 81 19 37.9 W, 31 25 03.5 N SW: 81 21 15.9 W, 31 25 03.5 N GCE6 -- NW: 81 17 58.3 W, 31 23 38.7 N NE: 81 15 51.8 W, 31 23 38.7 N SE: 81 15 51.8 W, 31 22 15.6 N SW: 81 17 58.3 W, 31 22 15.6 N GCE7 -- NW: 81 29 36.6 W, 31 20 55.6 N NE: 81 28 33.2 W, 31 20 55.6 N SE: 81 28 33.2 W, 31 20 03.7 N SW: 81 29 36.6 W, 31 20 03.7 N GCE8 -- NW: 81 25 34.6 W, 31 19 04.1 N NE: 81 24 38.3 W, 31 19 04.1 N SE: 81 24 38.3 W, 31 18 14.6 N SW: 81 25 34.6 W, 31 18 14.6 N GCE9 -- NW: 81 20 48.2 W, 31 21 29.3 N NE: 81 19 35.4 W, 31 21 29.3 N SE: 81 19 35.4 W, 31 20 21.0 N SW: 81 20 48.2 W, 31 20 21.0 N GCE10_CB1 -- 81 16 13.7 W, 31 28 37.2 N GCE10_CB13 -- 81 16 14.7 W, 31 28 36.3 N GCE10_CB6 -- 81 16 15.3 W, 31 28 35.8 N GCE10_CB8 -- 81 16 17.8 W, 31 28 36.5 N GCE10_JN1 -- 81 16 14.9 W, 31 28 37.1 N GCE10_JN3 -- 81 16 14.6 W, 31 28 37.0 N GCE10_JN6 -- 81 16 14.3 W, 31 28 38.5 N GCE10_JN8 -- 81 16 14.5 W, 31 28 39.5 N GCE10_MM1 -- 81 16 13.9 W, 31 28 38.1 N GCE10_MM3 -- 81 16 15.1 W, 31 28 36.9 N GCE10_MM6 -- 81 16 16.6 W, 31 28 37.2 N GCE10_MM8 -- 81 16 17.6 W, 31 28 37.2 N GCE1_CB1 -- 81 25 21.1 W, 31 32 19.1 N GCE1_CB13 -- 81 25 20.8 W, 31 32 18.5 N GCE1_CB28 -- 81 25 20.0 W, 31 32 19.0 N GCE1_CB36 -- 81 25 20.2 W, 31 32 18.6 N GCE1_MM1 -- 81 25 22.2 W, 31 32 21.8 N GCE1_MM3 -- 81 25 21.2 W, 31 32 21.9 N GCE1_MM6 -- 81 25 19.6 W, 31 32 22.1 N GCE1_MM8 -- 81 25 18.3 W, 31 32 22.2 N GCE2_CB21 -- 81 17 45.9 W, 31 32 10.3 N GCE2_CB23 -- 81 17 44.7 W, 31 32 10.5 N GCE2_CB48 -- 81 17 42.4 W, 31 32 08.3 N GCE2_CB6 -- 81 17 42.4 W, 31 32 09.1 N GCE2_MM1 -- 81 17 46.5 W, 31 32 10.0 N GCE2_MM3 -- 81 17 45.3 W, 31 32 09.5 N GCE2_MM6 -- 81 17 43.9 W, 31 32 09.0 N GCE2_MM8 -- 81 17 43.0 W, 31 32 09.2 N GCE3_CB1 -- 81 13 44.2 W, 31 31 08.1 N GCE3_CB3 -- 81 13 44.4 W, 31 31 07.2 N GCE3_CB6 -- 81 13 44.8 W, 31 31 05.9 N GCE3_CB8 -- 81 13 45.3 W, 31 31 05.4 N GCE3_MM1 -- 81 13 44.4 W, 31 31 10.5 N GCE3_MM3 -- 81 13 44.8 W, 31 31 09.6 N GCE3_MM6 -- 81 13 45.7 W, 31 31 07.9 N GCE3_MM8 -- 81 13 46.0 W, 31 31 07.1 N GCE4_CB1 -- 81 21 55.8 W, 31 27 06.0 N GCE4_CB3 -- 81 21 56.0 W, 31 27 05.3 N GCE4_CB46 -- 81 21 58.1 W, 31 27 04.6 N GCE4_CB8 -- 81 21 58.7 W, 31 27 05.3 N GCE4_MM1 -- 81 21 55.9 W, 31 27 09.5 N GCE4_MM3 -- 81 21 56.0 W, 31 27 08.5 N GCE4_MM6 -- 81 21 56.9 W, 31 27 07.2 N GCE4_MM8 -- 81 21 57.5 W, 31 27 06.4 N GCE5_CB1 -- 81 20 23.7 W, 31 26 09.9 N GCE5_CB3 -- 81 20 24.6 W, 31 26 09.5 N GCE5_CB6 -- 81 20 25.6 W, 31 26 08.9 N GCE5_CB8 -- 81 20 26.2 W, 31 26 08.5 N GCE5_MM1 -- 81 20 26.5 W, 31 26 09.6 N GCE5_MM3 -- 81 20 27.6 W, 31 26 09.2 N GCE5_MM6 -- 81 20 29.1 W, 31 26 08.3 N GCE5_MM8 -- 81 20 29.8 W, 31 26 07.6 N GCE6_CB1 -- 81 16 47.3 W, 31 23 18.3 N GCE6_CB23 -- 81 16 47.6 W, 31 23 17.6 N GCE6_CB6 -- 81 16 47.0 W, 31 23 15.9 N GCE6_CB8 -- 81 16 47.9 W, 31 23 15.2 N GCE6_MM1 -- 81 16 48.5 W, 31 23 18.0 N GCE6_MM3 -- 81 16 48.5 W, 31 23 17.1 N GCE6_MM6 -- 81 16 49.5 W, 31 23 15.9 N GCE6_MM8 -- 81 16 50.4 W, 31 23 15.1 N GCE7_CB1 -- 81 28 43.3 W, 31 20 06.3 N GCE7_CB3 -- 81 28 43.4 W, 31 20 05.8 N GCE7_CB6 -- 81 28 42.8 W, 31 20 04.9 N GCE7_CB8 -- 81 28 42.6 W, 31 20 04.3 N GCE7_MM1 -- 81 28 42.9 W, 31 20 06.6 N GCE7_MM3 -- 81 28 42.6 W, 31 20 05.8 N GCE7_MM6 -- 81 28 41.8 W, 31 20 04.7 N GCE7_MM8 -- 81 28 40.9 W, 31 20 04.6 N GCE8_CB26 -- 81 24 55.7 W, 31 18 27.5 N GCE8_CB28 -- 81 24 55.2 W, 31 18 27.1 N GCE8_CB3 -- 81 24 56.7 W, 31 18 28.3 N GCE8_CB31 -- 81 24 58.1 W, 31 18 29.0 N GCE8_MM1 -- 81 24 56.8 W, 31 18 32.6 N GCE8_MM13 -- 81 24 56.0 W, 31 18 32.0 N GCE8_MM18 -- 81 24 54.5 W, 31 18 30.4 N GCE8_MM6 -- 81 24 54.9 W, 31 18 31.2 N GCE9_CB11 -- 81 20 01.4 W, 31 21 07.6 N GCE9_CB18 -- 81 20 04.8 W, 31 21 06.0 N GCE9_CB26 -- 81 20 03.9 W, 31 21 06.4 N GCE9_CB33 -- 81 20 02.3 W, 31 21 07.0 N GCE9_JN1 -- 81 20 00.4 W, 31 21 04.6 N GCE9_JN3 -- 81 19 59.6 W, 31 21 04.4 N GCE9_JN6 -- 81 19 57.4 W, 31 21 03.8 N GCE9_JN8 -- 81 19 57.1 W, 31 21 02.3 N GCE9_MM1 -- 81 20 01.5 W, 31 21 04.3 N GCE9_MM3 -- 81 20 00.5 W, 31 21 04.2 N GCE9_MM6 -- 81 19 58.6 W, 31 21 03.2 N GCE9_MM8 -- 81 19 57.5 W, 31 21 02.9 N b. Physiographic Region: GCE1 -- Lower coastal plain GCE10 -- Barrier island GCE2 -- Barrier island GCE3 -- Barrier island GCE4 -- Lower coastal plain GCE5 -- Barrier island GCE6 -- Barrier island GCE7 -- Lower coastal plain GCE8 -- Lower coastal plain GCE9 -- Barrier island GCE10_CB1 -- Barrier island GCE10_CB13 -- Barrier island GCE10_CB6 -- Barrier island GCE10_CB8 -- Barrier island GCE10_JN1 -- Barrier island GCE10_JN3 -- Barrier island GCE10_JN6 -- Barrier island GCE10_JN8 -- Barrier island GCE10_MM1 -- Barrier island GCE10_MM3 -- Barrier island GCE10_MM6 -- Barrier island GCE10_MM8 -- Barrier island GCE1_CB1 -- Lower coastal plain GCE1_CB13 -- Lower coastal plain GCE1_CB28 -- Lower coastal plain GCE1_CB36 -- Lower coastal plain GCE1_MM1 -- Lower coastal plain GCE1_MM3 -- Lower coastal plain GCE1_MM6 -- Lower coastal plain GCE1_MM8 -- Lower coastal plain GCE2_CB21 -- Barrier island GCE2_CB23 -- Barrier island GCE2_CB48 -- Barrier island GCE2_CB6 -- Barrier island GCE2_MM1 -- Barrier island GCE2_MM3 -- Barrier island GCE2_MM6 -- Barrier island GCE2_MM8 -- Barrier island GCE3_CB1 -- Barrier island GCE3_CB3 -- Barrier island GCE3_CB6 -- Barrier island GCE3_CB8 -- Barrier island GCE3_MM1 -- Barrier island GCE3_MM3 -- Barrier island GCE3_MM6 -- Barrier island GCE3_MM8 -- Barrier island GCE4_CB1 -- Lower coastal plain GCE4_CB3 -- Lower coastal plain GCE4_CB46 -- Lower coastal plain GCE4_CB8 -- Lower coastal plain GCE4_MM1 -- Lower coastal plain GCE4_MM3 -- Lower coastal plain GCE4_MM6 -- Lower coastal plain GCE4_MM8 -- Lower coastal plain GCE5_CB1 -- Barrier island GCE5_CB3 -- Barrier island GCE5_CB6 -- Barrier island GCE5_CB8 -- Barrier island GCE5_MM1 -- Barrier island GCE5_MM3 -- Barrier island GCE5_MM6 -- Barrier island GCE5_MM8 -- Barrier island GCE6_CB1 -- Barrier island GCE6_CB23 -- Barrier island GCE6_CB6 -- Barrier island GCE6_CB8 -- Barrier island GCE6_MM1 -- Barrier island GCE6_MM3 -- Barrier island GCE6_MM6 -- Barrier island GCE6_MM8 -- Barrier island GCE7_CB1 -- Lower coastal plain GCE7_CB3 -- Lower coastal plain GCE7_CB6 -- Lower coastal plain GCE7_CB8 -- Lower coastal plain GCE7_MM1 -- Lower coastal plain GCE7_MM3 -- Lower coastal plain GCE7_MM6 -- Lower coastal plain GCE7_MM8 -- Lower coastal plain GCE8_CB26 -- Lower coastal plain GCE8_CB28 -- Lower coastal plain GCE8_CB3 -- Lower coastal plain GCE8_CB31 -- Lower coastal plain GCE8_MM1 -- Lower coastal plain GCE8_MM13 -- Lower coastal plain GCE8_MM18 -- Lower coastal plain GCE8_MM6 -- Lower coastal plain GCE9_CB11 -- Barrier island GCE9_CB18 -- Barrier island GCE9_CB26 -- Barrier island GCE9_CB33 -- Barrier island GCE9_JN1 -- Barrier island GCE9_JN3 -- Barrier island GCE9_JN6 -- Barrier island GCE9_JN8 -- Barrier island GCE9_MM1 -- Barrier island GCE9_MM3 -- Barrier island GCE9_MM6 -- Barrier island GCE9_MM8 -- Barrier island c. Landform Components: GCE1 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE10 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE2 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE3 -- Intertidal salt marsh, mud flat, and maritime forest GCE4 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE5 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE6 -- Intertidal salt marsh, sand beach, maritime forest GCE7 -- Freshwater tidal marsh, devegetated fields GCE8 -- Brackish tidal marsh GCE9 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE10_CB1 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE10_CB13 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE10_CB6 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE10_CB8 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE10_JN1 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE10_JN3 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE10_JN6 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE10_JN8 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE10_MM1 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE10_MM3 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE10_MM6 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE10_MM8 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE1_CB1 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE1_CB13 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE1_CB28 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE1_CB36 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE1_MM1 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE1_MM3 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE1_MM6 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE1_MM8 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE2_CB21 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE2_CB23 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE2_CB48 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE2_CB6 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE2_MM1 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE2_MM3 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE2_MM6 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE2_MM8 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE3_CB1 -- Intertidal salt marsh, mud flat, and maritime forest GCE3_CB3 -- Intertidal salt marsh, mud flat, and maritime forest GCE3_CB6 -- Intertidal salt marsh, mud flat, and maritime forest GCE3_CB8 -- Intertidal salt marsh, mud flat, and maritime forest GCE3_MM1 -- Intertidal salt marsh, mud flat, and maritime forest GCE3_MM3 -- Intertidal salt marsh, mud flat, and maritime forest GCE3_MM6 -- Intertidal salt marsh, mud flat, and maritime forest GCE3_MM8 -- Intertidal salt marsh, mud flat, and maritime forest GCE4_CB1 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE4_CB3 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE4_CB46 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE4_CB8 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE4_MM1 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE4_MM3 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE4_MM6 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE4_MM8 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE5_CB1 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE5_CB3 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE5_CB6 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE5_CB8 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE5_MM1 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE5_MM3 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE5_MM6 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE5_MM8 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE6_CB1 -- Intertidal salt marsh, sand beach, maritime forest GCE6_CB23 -- Intertidal salt marsh, sand beach, maritime forest GCE6_CB6 -- Intertidal salt marsh, sand beach, maritime forest GCE6_CB8 -- Intertidal salt marsh, sand beach, maritime forest GCE6_MM1 -- Intertidal salt marsh, sand beach, maritime forest GCE6_MM3 -- Intertidal salt marsh, sand beach, maritime forest GCE6_MM6 -- Intertidal salt marsh, sand beach, maritime forest GCE6_MM8 -- Intertidal salt marsh, sand beach, maritime forest GCE7_CB1 -- Freshwater tidal marsh, devegetated fields GCE7_CB3 -- Freshwater tidal marsh, devegetated fields GCE7_CB6 -- Freshwater tidal marsh, devegetated fields GCE7_CB8 -- Freshwater tidal marsh, devegetated fields GCE7_MM1 -- Freshwater tidal marsh, devegetated fields GCE7_MM3 -- Freshwater tidal marsh, devegetated fields GCE7_MM6 -- Freshwater tidal marsh, devegetated fields GCE7_MM8 -- Freshwater tidal marsh, devegetated fields GCE8_CB26 -- Brackish tidal marsh GCE8_CB28 -- Brackish tidal marsh GCE8_CB3 -- Brackish tidal marsh GCE8_CB31 -- Brackish tidal marsh GCE8_MM1 -- Brackish tidal marsh GCE8_MM13 -- Brackish tidal marsh GCE8_MM18 -- Brackish tidal marsh GCE8_MM6 -- Brackish tidal marsh GCE9_CB11 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE9_CB18 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE9_CB26 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE9_CB33 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE9_JN1 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE9_JN3 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE9_JN6 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE9_JN8 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE9_MM1 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE9_MM3 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE9_MM6 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE9_MM8 -- Intertidal salt marsh d. Hydrographic Characteristics: GCE1 -- Site contains the upper reaches of the Sapelo River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE10 -- Site borders the Mud River and contains tidal creeks and the upper reach of the Duplin River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE2 -- Site contains the Sapelo River and associated tidal creeks, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE3 -- Site includes Sapelo Sound and portions of Blackbeard Creek, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE4 -- Site includes Hudson Creek and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE5 -- Site contains the Folly River and borders Doboy Sound, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE6 -- Site contains Dean Creek and borders Doboy Sound, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE7 -- Site contains Hammersmith Creek and borders the South Champney River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE8 -- Site contains the Altamaha River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE9 -- Site contains Crooked Creek and borders the Little Mud River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE10_CB1 -- Site borders the Mud River and contains tidal creeks and the upper reach of the Duplin River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE10_CB13 -- Site borders the Mud River and contains tidal creeks and the upper reach of the Duplin River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE10_CB6 -- Site borders the Mud River and contains tidal creeks and the upper reach of the Duplin River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE10_CB8 -- Site borders the Mud River and contains tidal creeks and the upper reach of the Duplin River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE10_JN1 -- Site borders the Mud River and contains tidal creeks and the upper reach of the Duplin River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE10_JN3 -- Site borders the Mud River and contains tidal creeks and the upper reach of the Duplin River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE10_JN6 -- Site borders the Mud River and contains tidal creeks and the upper reach of the Duplin River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE10_JN8 -- Site borders the Mud River and contains tidal creeks and the upper reach of the Duplin River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE10_MM1 -- Site borders the Mud River and contains tidal creeks and the upper reach of the Duplin River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE10_MM3 -- Site borders the Mud River and contains tidal creeks and the upper reach of the Duplin River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE10_MM6 -- Site borders the Mud River and contains tidal creeks and the upper reach of the Duplin River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE10_MM8 -- Site borders the Mud River and contains tidal creeks and the upper reach of the Duplin River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE1_CB1 -- Site contains the upper reaches of the Sapelo River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE1_CB13 -- Site contains the upper reaches of the Sapelo River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE1_CB28 -- Site contains the upper reaches of the Sapelo River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE1_CB36 -- Site contains the upper reaches of the Sapelo River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE1_MM1 -- Site contains the upper reaches of the Sapelo River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE1_MM3 -- Site contains the upper reaches of the Sapelo River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE1_MM6 -- Site contains the upper reaches of the Sapelo River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE1_MM8 -- Site contains the upper reaches of the Sapelo River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE2_CB21 -- Site contains the Sapelo River and associated tidal creeks, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE2_CB23 -- Site contains the Sapelo River and associated tidal creeks, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE2_CB48 -- Site contains the Sapelo River and associated tidal creeks, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE2_CB6 -- Site contains the Sapelo River and associated tidal creeks, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE2_MM1 -- Site contains the Sapelo River and associated tidal creeks, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE2_MM3 -- Site contains the Sapelo River and associated tidal creeks, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE2_MM6 -- Site contains the Sapelo River and associated tidal creeks, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE2_MM8 -- Site contains the Sapelo River and associated tidal creeks, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE3_CB1 -- Site includes Sapelo Sound and portions of Blackbeard Creek, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE3_CB3 -- Site includes Sapelo Sound and portions of Blackbeard Creek, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE3_CB6 -- Site includes Sapelo Sound and portions of Blackbeard Creek, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE3_CB8 -- Site includes Sapelo Sound and portions of Blackbeard Creek, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE3_MM1 -- Site includes Sapelo Sound and portions of Blackbeard Creek, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE3_MM3 -- Site includes Sapelo Sound and portions of Blackbeard Creek, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE3_MM6 -- Site includes Sapelo Sound and portions of Blackbeard Creek, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE3_MM8 -- Site includes Sapelo Sound and portions of Blackbeard Creek, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE4_CB1 -- Site includes Hudson Creek and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE4_CB3 -- Site includes Hudson Creek and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE4_CB46 -- Site includes Hudson Creek and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE4_CB8 -- Site includes Hudson Creek and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE4_MM1 -- Site includes Hudson Creek and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE4_MM3 -- Site includes Hudson Creek and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE4_MM6 -- Site includes Hudson Creek and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE4_MM8 -- Site includes Hudson Creek and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE5_CB1 -- Site contains the Folly River and borders Doboy Sound, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE5_CB3 -- Site contains the Folly River and borders Doboy Sound, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE5_CB6 -- Site contains the Folly River and borders Doboy Sound, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE5_CB8 -- Site contains the Folly River and borders Doboy Sound, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE5_MM1 -- Site contains the Folly River and borders Doboy Sound, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE5_MM3 -- Site contains the Folly River and borders Doboy Sound, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE5_MM6 -- Site contains the Folly River and borders Doboy Sound, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE5_MM8 -- Site contains the Folly River and borders Doboy Sound, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE6_CB1 -- Site contains Dean Creek and borders Doboy Sound, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE6_CB23 -- Site contains Dean Creek and borders Doboy Sound, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE6_CB6 -- Site contains Dean Creek and borders Doboy Sound, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE6_CB8 -- Site contains Dean Creek and borders Doboy Sound, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE6_MM1 -- Site contains Dean Creek and borders Doboy Sound, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE6_MM3 -- Site contains Dean Creek and borders Doboy Sound, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE6_MM6 -- Site contains Dean Creek and borders Doboy Sound, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE6_MM8 -- Site contains Dean Creek and borders Doboy Sound, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE7_CB1 -- Site contains Hammersmith Creek and borders the South Champney River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE7_CB3 -- Site contains Hammersmith Creek and borders the South Champney River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE7_CB6 -- Site contains Hammersmith Creek and borders the South Champney River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE7_CB8 -- Site contains Hammersmith Creek and borders the South Champney River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE7_MM1 -- Site contains Hammersmith Creek and borders the South Champney River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE7_MM3 -- Site contains Hammersmith Creek and borders the South Champney River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE7_MM6 -- Site contains Hammersmith Creek and borders the South Champney River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE7_MM8 -- Site contains Hammersmith Creek and borders the South Champney River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE8_CB26 -- Site contains the Altamaha River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE8_CB28 -- Site contains the Altamaha River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE8_CB3 -- Site contains the Altamaha River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE8_CB31 -- Site contains the Altamaha River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE8_MM1 -- Site contains the Altamaha River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE8_MM13 -- Site contains the Altamaha River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE8_MM18 -- Site contains the Altamaha River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE8_MM6 -- Site contains the Altamaha River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE9_CB11 -- Site contains Crooked Creek and borders the Little Mud River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE9_CB18 -- Site contains Crooked Creek and borders the Little Mud River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE9_CB26 -- Site contains Crooked Creek and borders the Little Mud River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE9_CB33 -- Site contains Crooked Creek and borders the Little Mud River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE9_JN1 -- Site contains Crooked Creek and borders the Little Mud River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE9_JN3 -- Site contains Crooked Creek and borders the Little Mud River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE9_JN6 -- Site contains Crooked Creek and borders the Little Mud River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE9_JN8 -- Site contains Crooked Creek and borders the Little Mud River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE9_MM1 -- Site contains Crooked Creek and borders the Little Mud River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE9_MM3 -- Site contains Crooked Creek and borders the Little Mud River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE9_MM6 -- Site contains Crooked Creek and borders the Little Mud River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE9_MM8 -- Site contains Crooked Creek and borders the Little Mud River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides e. Topographic Attributes: GCE1 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE10 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE2 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE3 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE4 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE5 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE6 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE7 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE8 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE9 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE10_CB1 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE10_CB13 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE10_CB6 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE10_CB8 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE10_JN1 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE10_JN3 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE10_JN6 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE10_JN8 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE10_MM1 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE10_MM3 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE10_MM6 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE10_MM8 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE1_CB1 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE1_CB13 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE1_CB28 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE1_CB36 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE1_MM1 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE1_MM3 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE1_MM6 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE1_MM8 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE2_CB21 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE2_CB23 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE2_CB48 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE2_CB6 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE2_MM1 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE2_MM3 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE2_MM6 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE2_MM8 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE3_CB1 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE3_CB3 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE3_CB6 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE3_CB8 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE3_MM1 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE3_MM3 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE3_MM6 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE3_MM8 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE4_CB1 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE4_CB3 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE4_CB46 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE4_CB8 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE4_MM1 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE4_MM3 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE4_MM6 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE4_MM8 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE5_CB1 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE5_CB3 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE5_CB6 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE5_CB8 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE5_MM1 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE5_MM3 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE5_MM6 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE5_MM8 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE6_CB1 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE6_CB23 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE6_CB6 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE6_CB8 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE6_MM1 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE6_MM3 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE6_MM6 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE6_MM8 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE7_CB1 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE7_CB3 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE7_CB6 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE7_CB8 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE7_MM1 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE7_MM3 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE7_MM6 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE7_MM8 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE8_CB26 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE8_CB28 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE8_CB3 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE8_CB31 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE8_MM1 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE8_MM13 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE8_MM18 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE8_MM6 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE9_CB11 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE9_CB18 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE9_CB26 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE9_CB33 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE9_JN1 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE9_JN3 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE9_JN6 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE9_JN8 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE9_MM1 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE9_MM3 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE9_MM6 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE9_MM8 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide f. Geology, Lithology and Soils: GCE1 -- unspecified GCE10 -- unspecified GCE2 -- unspecified GCE3 -- unspecified GCE4 -- unspecified GCE5 -- unspecified GCE6 -- unspecified GCE7 -- unspecified GCE8 -- unspecified GCE9 -- unspecified GCE10_CB1 -- unspecified GCE10_CB13 -- unspecified GCE10_CB6 -- unspecified GCE10_CB8 -- unspecified GCE10_JN1 -- unspecified GCE10_JN3 -- unspecified GCE10_JN6 -- unspecified GCE10_JN8 -- unspecified GCE10_MM1 -- unspecified GCE10_MM3 -- unspecified GCE10_MM6 -- unspecified GCE10_MM8 -- unspecified GCE1_CB1 -- unspecified GCE1_CB13 -- unspecified GCE1_CB28 -- unspecified GCE1_CB36 -- unspecified GCE1_MM1 -- unspecified GCE1_MM3 -- unspecified GCE1_MM6 -- unspecified GCE1_MM8 -- unspecified GCE2_CB21 -- unspecified GCE2_CB23 -- unspecified GCE2_CB48 -- unspecified GCE2_CB6 -- unspecified GCE2_MM1 -- unspecified GCE2_MM3 -- unspecified GCE2_MM6 -- unspecified GCE2_MM8 -- unspecified GCE3_CB1 -- unspecified GCE3_CB3 -- unspecified GCE3_CB6 -- unspecified GCE3_CB8 -- unspecified GCE3_MM1 -- unspecified GCE3_MM3 -- unspecified GCE3_MM6 -- unspecified GCE3_MM8 -- unspecified GCE4_CB1 -- unspecified GCE4_CB3 -- unspecified GCE4_CB46 -- unspecified GCE4_CB8 -- unspecified GCE4_MM1 -- unspecified GCE4_MM3 -- unspecified GCE4_MM6 -- unspecified GCE4_MM8 -- unspecified GCE5_CB1 -- unspecified GCE5_CB3 -- unspecified GCE5_CB6 -- unspecified GCE5_CB8 -- unspecified GCE5_MM1 -- unspecified GCE5_MM3 -- unspecified GCE5_MM6 -- unspecified GCE5_MM8 -- unspecified GCE6_CB1 -- unspecified GCE6_CB23 -- unspecified GCE6_CB6 -- unspecified GCE6_CB8 -- unspecified GCE6_MM1 -- unspecified GCE6_MM3 -- unspecified GCE6_MM6 -- unspecified GCE6_MM8 -- unspecified GCE7_CB1 -- unspecified GCE7_CB3 -- unspecified GCE7_CB6 -- unspecified GCE7_CB8 -- unspecified GCE7_MM1 -- unspecified GCE7_MM3 -- unspecified GCE7_MM6 -- unspecified GCE7_MM8 -- unspecified GCE8_CB26 -- unspecified GCE8_CB28 -- unspecified GCE8_CB3 -- unspecified GCE8_CB31 -- unspecified GCE8_MM1 -- unspecified GCE8_MM13 -- unspecified GCE8_MM18 -- unspecified GCE8_MM6 -- unspecified GCE9_CB11 -- unspecified GCE9_CB18 -- unspecified GCE9_CB26 -- unspecified GCE9_CB33 -- unspecified GCE9_JN1 -- unspecified GCE9_JN3 -- unspecified GCE9_JN6 -- unspecified GCE9_JN8 -- unspecified GCE9_MM1 -- unspecified GCE9_MM3 -- unspecified GCE9_MM6 -- unspecified GCE9_MM8 -- unspecified g. Vegetation Communities: GCE1 -- Vegetation is 3/4 Juncus and 1/4 Spartina alterniflora, and upland area is heavily forested. GCE10 -- Vegetation mostly tall and medium Spartina alterniflora, with some Juncus present. Upland heavily forested. GCE2 -- Spartina alterniflora all tall or medium. GCE3 -- Short and tall Spartina alterniflora, very small amounts of Juncus. GCE4 -- Vegetation is 1/4 Juncus, 3/4 medium and tall Spartina alterniflora. GCE5 -- Dominated by short and medium Spartina alterniflora, with areas of taller S. alterniflora near several small creeks. GCE6 -- Vegetation is mostly short and tall Spartina alterniflora, with small amounts of Juncus and Borrichia. GCE7 -- dominated by Zizaniopsis GCE8 -- Fringe of tall Spartina alterniflora and S. cynosuroides at creek banks. High marsh has narrow band of medium height S. alterniflora backed by vast expanses of Juncus. GCE9 -- Low marsh is tall Spartina alterniflora, high marsh has a small amount of medium Spartina alterniflora and lots of Juncus. Some hammocks with upland vegetation. GCE10_CB1 -- Vegetation mostly tall and medium Spartina alterniflora, with some Juncus present. Upland heavily forested. GCE10_CB13 -- Vegetation mostly tall and medium Spartina alterniflora, with some Juncus present. Upland heavily forested. GCE10_CB6 -- Vegetation mostly tall and medium Spartina alterniflora, with some Juncus present. Upland heavily forested. GCE10_CB8 -- Vegetation mostly tall and medium Spartina alterniflora, with some Juncus present. Upland heavily forested. GCE10_JN1 -- Vegetation mostly tall and medium Spartina alterniflora, with some Juncus present. Upland heavily forested. GCE10_JN3 -- Vegetation mostly tall and medium Spartina alterniflora, with some Juncus present. Upland heavily forested. GCE10_JN6 -- Vegetation mostly tall and medium Spartina alterniflora, with some Juncus present. Upland heavily forested. GCE10_JN8 -- Vegetation mostly tall and medium Spartina alterniflora, with some Juncus present. Upland heavily forested. GCE10_MM1 -- Vegetation mostly tall and medium Spartina alterniflora, with some Juncus present. Upland heavily forested. GCE10_MM3 -- Vegetation mostly tall and medium Spartina alterniflora, with some Juncus present. Upland heavily forested. GCE10_MM6 -- Vegetation mostly tall and medium Spartina alterniflora, with some Juncus present. Upland heavily forested. GCE10_MM8 -- Vegetation mostly tall and medium Spartina alterniflora, with some Juncus present. Upland heavily forested. GCE1_CB1 -- Vegetation is 3/4 Juncus and 1/4 Spartina alterniflora, and upland area is heavily forested. GCE1_CB13 -- Vegetation is 3/4 Juncus and 1/4 Spartina alterniflora, and upland area is heavily forested. GCE1_CB28 -- Vegetation is 3/4 Juncus and 1/4 Spartina alterniflora, and upland area is heavily forested. GCE1_CB36 -- Vegetation is 3/4 Juncus and 1/4 Spartina alterniflora, and upland area is heavily forested. GCE1_MM1 -- Vegetation is 3/4 Juncus and 1/4 Spartina alterniflora, and upland area is heavily forested. GCE1_MM3 -- Vegetation is 3/4 Juncus and 1/4 Spartina alterniflora, and upland area is heavily forested. GCE1_MM6 -- Vegetation is 3/4 Juncus and 1/4 Spartina alterniflora, and upland area is heavily forested. GCE1_MM8 -- Vegetation is 3/4 Juncus and 1/4 Spartina alterniflora, and upland area is heavily forested. GCE2_CB21 -- Spartina alterniflora all tall or medium. GCE2_CB23 -- Spartina alterniflora all tall or medium. GCE2_CB48 -- Spartina alterniflora all tall or medium. GCE2_CB6 -- Spartina alterniflora all tall or medium. GCE2_MM1 -- Spartina alterniflora all tall or medium. GCE2_MM3 -- Spartina alterniflora all tall or medium. GCE2_MM6 -- Spartina alterniflora all tall or medium. GCE2_MM8 -- Spartina alterniflora all tall or medium. GCE3_CB1 -- Short and tall Spartina alterniflora, very small amounts of Juncus. GCE3_CB3 -- Short and tall Spartina alterniflora, very small amounts of Juncus. GCE3_CB6 -- Short and tall Spartina alterniflora, very small amounts of Juncus. GCE3_CB8 -- Short and tall Spartina alterniflora, very small amounts of Juncus. GCE3_MM1 -- Short and tall Spartina alterniflora, very small amounts of Juncus. GCE3_MM3 -- Short and tall Spartina alterniflora, very small amounts of Juncus. GCE3_MM6 -- Short and tall Spartina alterniflora, very small amounts of Juncus. GCE3_MM8 -- Short and tall Spartina alterniflora, very small amounts of Juncus. GCE4_CB1 -- Vegetation is 1/4 Juncus, 3/4 medium and tall Spartina alterniflora. GCE4_CB3 -- Vegetation is 1/4 Juncus, 3/4 medium and tall Spartina alterniflora. GCE4_CB46 -- Vegetation is 1/4 Juncus, 3/4 medium and tall Spartina alterniflora. GCE4_CB8 -- Vegetation is 1/4 Juncus, 3/4 medium and tall Spartina alterniflora. GCE4_MM1 -- Vegetation is 1/4 Juncus, 3/4 medium and tall Spartina alterniflora. GCE4_MM3 -- Vegetation is 1/4 Juncus, 3/4 medium and tall Spartina alterniflora. GCE4_MM6 -- Vegetation is 1/4 Juncus, 3/4 medium and tall Spartina alterniflora. GCE4_MM8 -- Vegetation is 1/4 Juncus, 3/4 medium and tall Spartina alterniflora. GCE5_CB1 -- Dominated by short and medium Spartina alterniflora, with areas of taller S. alterniflora near several small creeks. GCE5_CB3 -- Dominated by short and medium Spartina alterniflora, with areas of taller S. alterniflora near several small creeks. GCE5_CB6 -- Dominated by short and medium Spartina alterniflora, with areas of taller S. alterniflora near several small creeks. GCE5_CB8 -- Dominated by short and medium Spartina alterniflora, with areas of taller S. alterniflora near several small creeks. GCE5_MM1 -- Dominated by short and medium Spartina alterniflora, with areas of taller S. alterniflora near several small creeks. GCE5_MM3 -- Dominated by short and medium Spartina alterniflora, with areas of taller S. alterniflora near several small creeks. GCE5_MM6 -- Dominated by short and medium Spartina alterniflora, with areas of taller S. alterniflora near several small creeks. GCE5_MM8 -- Dominated by short and medium Spartina alterniflora, with areas of taller S. alterniflora near several small creeks. GCE6_CB1 -- Vegetation is mostly short and tall Spartina alterniflora, with small amounts of Juncus and Borrichia. GCE6_CB23 -- Vegetation is mostly short and tall Spartina alterniflora, with small amounts of Juncus and Borrichia. GCE6_CB6 -- Vegetation is mostly short and tall Spartina alterniflora, with small amounts of Juncus and Borrichia. GCE6_CB8 -- Vegetation is mostly short and tall Spartina alterniflora, with small amounts of Juncus and Borrichia. GCE6_MM1 -- Vegetation is mostly short and tall Spartina alterniflora, with small amounts of Juncus and Borrichia. GCE6_MM3 -- Vegetation is mostly short and tall Spartina alterniflora, with small amounts of Juncus and Borrichia. GCE6_MM6 -- Vegetation is mostly short and tall Spartina alterniflora, with small amounts of Juncus and Borrichia. GCE6_MM8 -- Vegetation is mostly short and tall Spartina alterniflora, with small amounts of Juncus and Borrichia. GCE7_CB1 -- dominated by Zizaniopsis GCE7_CB3 -- dominated by Zizaniopsis GCE7_CB6 -- dominated by Zizaniopsis GCE7_CB8 -- dominated by Zizaniopsis GCE7_MM1 -- dominated by Zizaniopsis GCE7_MM3 -- dominated by Zizaniopsis GCE7_MM6 -- dominated by Zizaniopsis GCE7_MM8 -- dominated by Zizaniopsis GCE8_CB26 -- Fringe of tall Spartina alterniflora and S. cynosuroides at creek banks. High marsh has narrow band of medium height S. alterniflora backed by vast expanses of Juncus. GCE8_CB28 -- Fringe of tall Spartina alterniflora and S. cynosuroides at creek banks. High marsh has narrow band of medium height S. alterniflora backed by vast expanses of Juncus. GCE8_CB3 -- Fringe of tall Spartina alterniflora and S. cynosuroides at creek banks. High marsh has narrow band of medium height S. alterniflora backed by vast expanses of Juncus. GCE8_CB31 -- Fringe of tall Spartina alterniflora and S. cynosuroides at creek banks. High marsh has narrow band of medium height S. alterniflora backed by vast expanses of Juncus. GCE8_MM1 -- Fringe of tall Spartina alterniflora and S. cynosuroides at creek banks. High marsh has narrow band of medium height S. alterniflora backed by vast expanses of Juncus. GCE8_MM13 -- Fringe of tall Spartina alterniflora and S. cynosuroides at creek banks. High marsh has narrow band of medium height S. alterniflora backed by vast expanses of Juncus. GCE8_MM18 -- Fringe of tall Spartina alterniflora and S. cynosuroides at creek banks. High marsh has narrow band of medium height S. alterniflora backed by vast expanses of Juncus. GCE8_MM6 -- Fringe of tall Spartina alterniflora and S. cynosuroides at creek banks. High marsh has narrow band of medium height S. alterniflora backed by vast expanses of Juncus. GCE9_CB11 -- Low marsh is tall Spartina alterniflora, high marsh has a small amount of medium Spartina alterniflora and lots of Juncus. Some hammocks with upland vegetation. GCE9_CB18 -- Low marsh is tall Spartina alterniflora, high marsh has a small amount of medium Spartina alterniflora and lots of Juncus. Some hammocks with upland vegetation. GCE9_CB26 -- Low marsh is tall Spartina alterniflora, high marsh has a small amount of medium Spartina alterniflora and lots of Juncus. Some hammocks with upland vegetation. GCE9_CB33 -- Low marsh is tall Spartina alterniflora, high marsh has a small amount of medium Spartina alterniflora and lots of Juncus. Some hammocks with upland vegetation. GCE9_JN1 -- Low marsh is tall Spartina alterniflora, high marsh has a small amount of medium Spartina alterniflora and lots of Juncus. Some hammocks with upland vegetation. GCE9_JN3 -- Low marsh is tall Spartina alterniflora, high marsh has a small amount of medium Spartina alterniflora and lots of Juncus. Some hammocks with upland vegetation. GCE9_JN6 -- Low marsh is tall Spartina alterniflora, high marsh has a small amount of medium Spartina alterniflora and lots of Juncus. Some hammocks with upland vegetation. GCE9_JN8 -- Low marsh is tall Spartina alterniflora, high marsh has a small amount of medium Spartina alterniflora and lots of Juncus. Some hammocks with upland vegetation. GCE9_MM1 -- Low marsh is tall Spartina alterniflora, high marsh has a small amount of medium Spartina alterniflora and lots of Juncus. Some hammocks with upland vegetation. GCE9_MM3 -- Low marsh is tall Spartina alterniflora, high marsh has a small amount of medium Spartina alterniflora and lots of Juncus. Some hammocks with upland vegetation. GCE9_MM6 -- Low marsh is tall Spartina alterniflora, high marsh has a small amount of medium Spartina alterniflora and lots of Juncus. Some hammocks with upland vegetation. GCE9_MM8 -- Low marsh is tall Spartina alterniflora, high marsh has a small amount of medium Spartina alterniflora and lots of Juncus. Some hammocks with upland vegetation. h. History of Land Use and Disturbance: GCE1 -- Oct 01, 2000: Permanent plots were established in two nominal marsh zones based on marsh structure -- creek zone and high marsh -- and eight plots were randomly located in each zone and marked with stakes. Oct 01, 2001: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. No significant disturbance was observed, and no plots were replaced. Oct 16, 2002: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack (some have no shoots): C4, C5, C6, C7, C8. The following creekbank plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C5, C6, C8. No disturbance by animal activity was observed and no plots were replaced. Oct 18, 2003: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following creekbank plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C5, C6, C7 and C8. No disturbance by wrack or wildlife activity was observed, and no plots were replaced. Oct 25, 2004: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C7, C8. No disturbance by wrack or wildlife activity was observed, and no plots were replaced. Oct 21, 2005: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C5, C6. The following plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C18. No disturbance by wrack or wildlife activity was observed, and no plots were replaced. Oct 16, 2006: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C2, C16. No disturbance by wrack or wildlife activity was observed, and no plots were replaced. Oct 22, 2007: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C3, C15. The following plots were disturbed by wrack or wildlife activity: C17, C18, C25. The following plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C18. No plots were replaced. Oct 27, 2008: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C25, C26. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C17, C18, C36. The following plots were distrurbed by wildlife (some may have no shoots): none. The following plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: none. No plots were replaced. Oct 16, 2009: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C7. No plots were disturbed or lost, and none were replaced. Oct 19, 2010: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C4, C17, C18, C36. The following plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C4, C12, C18, C36. No plots were disturbed by wildlife and none were lost and replaced. Oct 25, 2011: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity and were replaced: C36 (now C46), C17 (now C27), C18 (now C28). GCE2 -- Oct 01, 2000: Permanent plots were established in two nominal marsh zones based on marsh structure -- creek zone and high marsh -- and eight plots were randomly located in each zone and marked with stakes. Oct 01, 2001: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. Plot C6 was disturbed by wrack and Plots C3 and C4 were disturbed by creekbank slumping. Not plots were lost and none were replaced. Oct 18, 2002: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack (some have no shoots): C4, C5, C6. The following creekbank plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C2, C6. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion or catastrophic wrack disturbance: C1 (replaced with C11). No disturbance by animal activity was observed. Oct 19, 2003: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following creekbank plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C2. No disturbance by wrack or wildlife activity was observed, and no plots were replaced. Oct 22, 2004: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C4, C6, C8. No disturbance by wildlife activity was observed, and no plots were replaced. Oct 21, 2005: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C2, C4. No disturbance by wrack or wildlife activity was observed, no plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, and no plots were replaced. Oct 17, 2006: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C12, C4, C6. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C2. The following plots were lost for unknown reasons: C8. No plots were disturbed by wildlife, and no plots were replaced. Oct 23, 2007: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C4, C12, C13, C18. The following plots were disturbed by wrack or wildlife activity: C6, C7, C11, C22, C23. The following plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C18. No plots were replaced. Oct 28, 2008: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C22, C28. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: none. The following plots were distrurbed by wildlife (some may have no shoots): none. The following plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: none. No plots were replaced. Oct 15, 2009: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. No plots were disturbed or lost, and none were replaced. Oct 19, 2010: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C5, C7, C11, C38. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion or catastrophic wrack disturbance: C14, C23 (replaced with C24 and C33, resp.). No plots were disturbed by wrack or wildlife. Oct 25, 2011: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C7. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity and were replaced: C11 (now C21), C38 (now C48) GCE3 -- Oct 01, 2000: Permanent plots were established in two nominal marsh zones based on marsh structure -- creek zone and high marsh -- and eight plots were randomly located in each zone and marked with stakes. Oct 01, 2001: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. No significant disturbance was observed, and no plots were replaced. Oct 20, 2002: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack (some have no shoots): C4, C5, C6, C7, C8. The following plots were disturbed by wildlife (some have no shoots): M2, M5, M6, M7, M8 (snails). The following creekbank plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C8. No plots were replaced. Oct 19, 2003: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack (some have no shoots): C3, C4. The following plots were disturbed by wildlife (some have no shoots): M5, M6. The following creekbank plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C8. The following plots were disturbed by marsh dieback: M7. No plots were lost due to creekbank erosion or catastrophic wrack inundation, and not plots were replaced. Oct 24, 2004: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7. The following plots were disturbed by wildlife (some have no shoots): M5, M7. No plots were lost due to creekbank erosion or catastrophic wrack inundation, and not plots were replaced. Oct 21, 2005: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. No disturbance by wrack or wildlife activity was observed, no plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, and no plots were replaced. Oct 15, 2006: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 (plot C3 has no shoots). The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C6. No plots were disturbed by wildlife, and no plots were replaced. Oct 24, 2007: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack or wildlife activity: C1, C2, C3, C4. No plots were lost and none were replaced. Oct 26, 2008: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: none. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C1, C2, C3. The following plots were distrurbed by wildlife (some may have no shoots): M5. The following plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: none. No plots were replaced. Oct 17, 2009: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. No plots were disturbed or lost, and none were replaced. Oct 20, 2010: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. No plots were disturbed or lost, and none were replaced. Oct 27, 2011: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. No plots were disturbed and none were replaced. GCE4 -- Oct 01, 2000: Permanent plots were established in two nominal marsh zones based on marsh structure -- creek zone and high marsh -- and eight plots were randomly located in each zone and marked with stakes. Oct 01, 2001: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. No significant disturbance was observed, and no plots were replaced. Oct 18, 2002: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack (some have no shoots): C4. The following plots were disturbed by wildlife (some have no shoots): M6, M8 (snails). No plots were disturbed by creekbank erosion or replaced. Oct 18, 2003: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following creekbank plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C5, C8. No disturbance by wrack or wildlife activity were observed, and no plots were replaced. Oct 25, 2004: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C4. The following creekbank plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C6. No plots were distrurbed by wildlife and no plots were lost or replaced. Oct 21, 2005: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C6. No disturbance by wrack or wildlife activity was observed, no plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, and no plots were replaced. Oct 16, 2006: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C2, C3, C16. No plots were lost or disturbed by wildlife, and none were replaced. Oct 22, 2007: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C5, C7, C16. The following plots were disturbed by wrack or wildlife activity: C15, C26, M1, M3. No plots were replaced. Oct 27, 2008: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C2. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: none. The following plots were distrurbed by wildlife (some may have no shoots): M3 (no shoots). The following plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: none. No plots were replaced. Oct 16, 2009: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wildlife: M3 (snails). No plots were disturbed by wrack or were on creekbank areas that are collapsing, and no plots were replaced. Oct 21, 2010: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance or catastrophic wildlife activity: C26 (replaced with C36). No plots were disturbed by wrack or wildlife or are on creekbank areas that are collapsing. Oct 25, 2011: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C3, C15. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity and were replaced: C36 (now C46). GCE5 -- Oct 01, 2000: Permanent plots were established in two nominal marsh zones based on marsh structure -- creek zone and high marsh -- and eight plots were randomly located in each zone and marked with stakes. Oct 01, 2001: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. No significant disturbance was observed, and no plots were replaced. Oct 15, 2002: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following creekbank plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C6, C7. No disturbance by wrack inundation or animal activity was observed, and no plots were replaced. Oct 18, 2003: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following creekbank plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C7. No disturbance by wrack or wildlife activity were observed, and no plots were replaced. Oct 23, 2004: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C1, C5. No plots were replaced. Oct 21, 2005: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C7, C8. No plots were distrurbed by wildlife, none were lost due to creekbank erosion, and none were replaced. Oct 17, 2006: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C1, C2. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C6. No plots were disturbed by wildlife and none were replaced. Oct 21, 2007: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack or wildlife activity: C2, C4, C5, M2. No plots were lost and none were replaced. Oct 28, 2008: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: none. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C3, C5. The following plots were distrurbed by wildlife (some may have no shoots): none. The following plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: none. No plots were replaced. Oct 15, 2009: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C3. No plots were disturbed by wildlife and no plots were lost and replaced. Oct 19, 2010: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following creekbank plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C5. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C3 (replaced with C13). No plots were disturbed by wrack or wildlife. Oct 25, 2011: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C7, C8. The following plots are on sections of creek bank that are collapsing: C5. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity and were replaced: C3 (now C13). GCE6 -- Oct 01, 2000: Permanent plots were established in two nominal marsh zones based on marsh structure -- creek zone and high marsh -- and eight plots were randomly located in each zone and marked with stakes Oct 01, 2001: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to catastrophic disturbance and replaced with new plots as indicated: zone 1, plot 3 (not replaced). Oct 19, 2002: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack (some have no shoots): C1. The following plots were disturbed by wildlife (some have no shoots): M6, M7, M8 (snails). The following creekbank plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C4, C5. No plots were replaced. Oct 17, 2003: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wildlife (some have no shoots): M8. The following creekbank plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C5. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion or catastrophic wrack inundation and were replaced: C2, C4 (replaced with C12, C14). Oct 22, 2004: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C1, C12, C23, C5, C6, C8. The following plots were disturbed by wildlife (some have no shoots): M8. No plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, and none were replaced. Oct 21, 2005: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C5, C12. The following plots were disturbed by wildlife: M8. No plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, and none were replaced. Oct 15, 2006: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C1, C23, C6, C7 (C1, C23 have no plants). The following plots were disturbed by wildlife (some have no shoots): M8. The following creekbank plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C12, C14, C5. No plots were lost and none were replaced. Oct 23, 2007: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C5, C14, C22. The following plots were disturbed by wrack or wildlife activity: C15, C16, C23, M8. No plots were replaced. Oct 26, 2008: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C24. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C23. The following plots were distrurbed by wildlife (some may have no shoots): M8 (no shoots). The following plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C22, C23. No plots were replaced. Oct 16, 2009: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C22, C23. No other plots were disturbed by wildlife or wrack, and none were replaced. Oct 20, 2010: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C6. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C32 (replaced with C42). No plots were disturbed by wildlife or are on creekbank areas that are collapsing. Oct 25, 2011: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots are located on sections of creek bank that are collapsing: C6, C33. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity and were replaced: C15 (now C25). GCE7 -- Oct 01, 2000: Permanent plots were established in two nominal marsh zones based on marsh structure -- creek zone and high marsh -- and eight plots were randomly located in each zone and marked with stakes Oct 01, 2001: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. No significant disturbance was observed, and no plots were replaced. Oct 17, 2002: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. No significant disturbance was observed, and no plots were replaced. Oct 17, 2003: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. No evidence of plot disturbance was observed, and no plots were replaced. Oct 23, 2004: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. No evidence of plot disturbance was observed, and no plots were replaced. Oct 21, 2005: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. No plots were distrurbed by wildlife, none were lost due to creekbank erosion, and none were replaced. Oct 14, 2006: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following creekbank plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C7. No plots were disturbed by wrack or wildlife, and none were replaced. Oct 20, 2007: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. No plots were lost or disturbed by wrack or wildlife, and none were replaced. Oct 25, 2008: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: none. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: none. The following plots were distrurbed by wildlife (some may have no shoots): none. The following plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: none. No plots were replaced. Oct 14, 2009: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. No plots were disturbed or lost, and none were replaced. Oct 18, 2010: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. No plots were disturbed or lost, and none were replaced. Oct 24, 2011: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity and were replaced: C2 (now C12). GCE8 -- Oct 01, 2000: Permanent plots were established in two nominal marsh zones based on marsh structure -- creek zone and high marsh -- and eight plots were randomly located in each zone and marked with stakes Oct 01, 2001: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to catastrophic disturbance and replaced with new plots as indicated: zone 1 plots 5, 6, 7, 8 (added new plots 15, 16, 17, 18). New plots were not in exactly the same locations as lost plots, and so have new numbers. Oct 17, 2002: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack (some have no shoots): C4. The following plots were disturbed by wildlife (some have no shoots): M2, M3, M4, M7 (pigs). No disturbance due to creekbank collapse was observed, and no plots were replaced. Oct 17, 2003: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wildlife (some have no shoots): M2, M4. The following creekbank plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C2. No disturbance by wrack was observed, but plot M8 was merging with the path and was relocated as M18. Oct 23, 2004: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wildlife (some have no shoots): M2. The following creekbank plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C2. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: M3. No plots were replaced. Oct 21, 2005: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C2, C16. The following plots were disturbed by wildlife: M1, M4. No plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, and none were replaced. Oct 14, 2006: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C1, C4, C15, C16, C17, C18. The following plots had no live shoots due to seasonal senescence: M2. No plots were disturbed by wrack or wildlife, and none were replaced. Oct 20, 2007: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost for unknown reasons: C2, C11. The following plots were disturbed by wrack or wildlife activity: M1, M2, M7, M13. No plots were replaced. Oct 25, 2008: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: none. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C26, M4. The following plots were distrurbed by wildlife (some may have no shoots): none. The following plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: none. No plots were replaced. Oct 14, 2009: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wildlife: M1, M2 (pigs). No plots were disturbed by wrack or were on creekbank areas that are collapsing, and no plots were lost or replaced. Oct 18, 2010: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C26. The following plots were disturbed by wildlife (some may have no shoots): M1, M2, M13 (pigs). The following creekbank plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C12, C14. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C27, C28 (replaced with C37, C38 resp.). Oct 24, 2011: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots are on sections of creek bank that are collapsing: C25. The following plots were disturbed by wildlife and may have no shoots: M2, M13, M18. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity and were replaced: M1 (now M11). GCE9 -- Oct 01, 2000: Permanent plots were established in two nominal marsh zones based on marsh structure -- creek zone and high marsh -- and eight plots were randomly located in each zone and marked with stakes. Oct 01, 2001: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to catastrophic disturbance and replaced with new plots as indicated: zone 1, plot 4 (added new plot 14). New plots were not in exactly the same locations as lost plots, and so have new numbers. Oct 17, 2002: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack (some have no shoots): C5, C6, C8. The following creekbank plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C1, C6. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion or catastrophic wrack disturbance: C3 (replaced with C13). No disturbance by wildlife activity was observed. Oct 18, 2003: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack (some have no shoots): C1, C2, C6, C13. The following creekbank plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C1, C2, C6. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion or catastrophic wrack inundation and were replaced: C5, C7, C8 (replaced with C15, C17, C18). No disturbance by wildlife activity was observed. Oct 23, 2004: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C13, C14, C6. No disturbance by wildlife activity was observed, and no plots were lost or replaced. Oct 21, 2005: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C2, C18. No plots were distrurbed by wildlife, none were lost due to creekbank erosion, and none were replaced. Oct 14, 2006: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C14. No plots were disturbed by wildlife or lost, and none were replaced. Oct 21, 2007: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack or wildlife activity: C1, C2, C13. No plots were lost and none were replaced. Oct 25, 2008: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: none. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C2. The following plots were distrurbed by wildlife (some may have no shoots): none. The following plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C1, C13, C16. No plots were replaced. Oct 15, 2009: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C1, C13. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C16. No plots were otherwise disturbed by wildlife or are on creekbank areas that are collapsing and none were replaced. Oct 21, 2010: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C16. The following plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C16, C23. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C2, C11, C14 (replaced with C12, C21 and C24, resp.). No plots were disturbed by wildlife. Oct 24, 2011: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C24. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity and were replaced: C16 (now C26), C23 (now C32). GCE10 -- Oct 01, 2000: Permanent plots were established in two nominal marsh zones based on marsh structure -- creek zone and high marsh -- and eight plots were randomly located in each zone and marked with stakes Oct 01, 2001: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. No significant disturbance was observed, and no plots were replaced. Oct 20, 2002: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack (some have no shoots): C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C8. The following plots were disturbed by wildlife (some have no shoots): M5 (snails). No disturbance by creekbank erosion or collapse was observed, and no plots were replaced. Oct 19, 2003: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack (some have no shoots): C3, M1. The following plots were disturbed by wildlife (some have no shoots): M5. The following creekbank plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C2. No plots were replaced. Oct 22, 2004: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C7. No disturbance by wildlife was observed, and no plots were lost or replaced. Oct 21, 2005: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. No plots were distrurbed by wildlife, none were lost due to creekbank erosion, and none were replaced. Oct 15, 2006: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. Note that a new zone (zone 3) was added at site GCE10 in 2005. This is a juncus zone in the high marsh. Oct 24, 2007: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack or wildlife activity: C1, C2, C3, C4, C8, M1, M2. The following plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C13. No plots were lost and none were replaced. Oct 26, 2008: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: none. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: none. The following plots were distrurbed by wildlife (some may have no shoots): none. The following plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: none. No plots were replaced. Oct 17, 2009: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C3. No plots were disturbed by wildlife, and none are on creekbank areas that are collapsing or were replaced. Oct 20, 2010: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. No plots were disturbed or lost, and none were replaced. Oct 26, 2011: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. No plots were disturbed and none were replaced. i. Climate: Climate summary for Sapelo Island, Georgia, based on NWS data from 1980-2010: Daily-aggregated Values: Mean (sample standard deviation) mean air temperature: 20.09°C (7.28°C) minimum air temperature: 15.02°C (7.96°C) maximum air temperature: 24.82°C (6.98°C) total precipitation: 3.26mm (10.3mm) Yearly-aggregated Daily Values: Mean (sample standard deviation) total precipitation (1980-2010): 1124mm (266mm) 2. Experimental or Sampling Design a. Design Characteristics: This study was designed to determine the density of crabs at each of 10 intertidal marsh monitoring sites within the GCE-LTER domain. The density of active crab holes was used as a proxy for crab density to solve logistical constraints and to avoid excessive site disturbance. Counts of holes were made within randomly placed, small quadrats at four plots in the mid and creek bank marshes at each of 10 permanent monitoring sites. This design resulted in four replicate samples per zone (n = 4) within each site (or n = 8 per site). Counts were made by different teams of trained individuals (staff and volunteers). b. Permanent Plots: Samples were taken within 3 meters of the GCE permanent monitoring plots, which were established in the marsh areas at each GCE sampling site in October, 2000. Each site was divided into two nominal zones -- creek bank and mid-marsh -- and eight plots were randomly located in each zone and marked with stakes. Sites 9 and 10 have a high marsh Juncus zone which was also sampled in the same manner as creek bank and mid-marsh plots. c. Data Collection Duration and Frequency: For each sample, an area of marsh was selected that was similar in gross appearance and near to (within 3 m) a GCE permanent monitoring plot. The permanent plots were not used to avoid damaging the plants within them. Permanent plots 1, 3, 6, and 8 in each zone were selected to be the anchor plots for choosing sample areas. When wrack or other disturbances necessitated the use of alternate plots, these are indicated in the data set and noted as anomalies. All active (i.e. open) crab-produced holes were counted within the quadrat. Beginning of Observations: Oct 01, 2012 End of Observations: Oct 11, 2012 3. Research Methods a. Field and Laboratory Methods: Method 1: Crab Hole Counts -- A quadrat device was constructed of treated, 1" X 3/4" slats, drilled and joined with bolts and wing nuts. It was designed to enclose selectable areas of 625, 2500 or 5000 cm^2. The 625 cm^2 section was used for this study. The quadrat was randomly placed around the bases of the plants in the selected sampling area. Surface litter, when present, was removed, to aid visibility, before counts were made. Hole occupancy was not assessed but crab species visible in the immediate area were noted. Method 2: Density Estimation -- Per meter square densities are determined by dividing the hole count by the fraction of a m^2 represented by the quadrat section (625cm^2) used for counts. Method 3: RTK-GPS Survey of Permanent Plot Locations -- A survey was performed in April 2010 to measure the precise geographic locations and elevations of long-term plant plots at GCE-LTER marsh study sites 1-10. The survey was performed using a Trimble R6 real-time kinematic GPS sytem with Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) support. The base receiver was placed on a permanent cement base installed near each field site, connected to GLONASS satellite services via mobile 3G Internet connection, and allowed to establish a stable benchmark positional fix prior to the survey. A portable wireless rover unit was then used to collect and log horizontal position and vertical elevation data on the ground at the center of each plot. Data were then corrected and analyzed using Trimble Geomatics Office software to determine latitude, longitude and elevation, and plant plot locations were then registered in the GCE-LTER geographic database. Location, Longitude and Latitude columns were then added to the data table based on matching site, marsh zone and plot number of each record to the corresponding plot identifier in the geographic database. For plots that were lost due to catastrophic disturbance prior to 2010 and replaced, the measured location of the the replacement plots were used to provide estimated positional information for the legacy plots, and the estimated values were flagged and the level of uncertainty was described based on the number of times the plot was replaced prior to RTK-GPS survey. b. Instrumentation: Method 1: none Method 2: none Method 3: RTK GPS Manufacturer: Trimble (Model: R6) Parameter: Elevation (Accuracy: 20mm + 1 ppm RMS, Readability: 1mm, ) Protocol: Base receiver is placed on a permanent cement base installed near each field site, connected to GLONASS satellite services via mobile 3G Internet connection, and allowed to establish a stable benchmark positional fix. A portable wireless rover unit is then used to collect and log horizontal position and vertical elevation data for sites being surveyed. Parameter: Latitude (Accuracy: 10 mm + 1 ppm RMS, Readability: 1mm, Range: 0-90 degrees) Protocol: Base receiver is placed on a permanent cement base installed near each field site, connected to GLONASS satellite services via mobile 3G Internet connection, and allowed to establish a stable benchmark positional fix. A portable wireless rover unit is then used to collect and log horizontal position and vertical elevation data for sites being surveyed. Parameter: Longitude (Accuracy: 10 mm + 1 ppm RMS, Readability: 1mm, Range: 0-180 degrees) Protocol: Base receiver is placed on a permanent cement base installed near each field site, connected to GLONASS satellite services via mobile 3G Internet connection, and allowed to establish a stable benchmark positional fix. A portable wireless rover unit is then used to collect and log horizontal position and vertical elevation data for sites being surveyed. c. Taxonomy and Systematics: Method 1: Participants were trained to recognize individual crab species in the field but these identifications are not part of this data set. Crab identifications were based on descriptions found in: Williams, A.B. 1965. Marine decapod crustaceans of the Carolinas. Fishery Bulletin 65(1):1-298. Publisher: United States Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Bureau of Commercial Fisheries. Method 2: none Method 3: none d. Speclies List: e. Permit History: Method 1: Not applicable (no animals were actually collected) Method 2: none Method 3: none 4. Project Personnel a. Personnel: 1: Steven C. Pennings 2: Caroline M. Reddy 3: Jacob Shalack 4: Justin P. Manley b. Affiliations: 1: University of Houston, Houston, Texas 2: University of Georgia, Sapelo Island, Georgia 3: University of Georgia Marine Institute, Sapelo Island, Georgia 4: University of Georgia, Sapelo Island, Georgia III. Data Set Status and Accessibility A. Status 1. Latest Update: 26-Jan-2015 2. Latest Archive Date: 26-Jan-2015 3. Latest Metadata Update: 26-Jan-2015 4. Data Verification Status: Draft submission B. Accessibility 1. Storage Location and Medium: Stored at GCE-LTER Data Management Office Dept. of Marine Sciences Univ. of Georgia Athens, GA 30602-3636 USA on media: electronic data download (WWW) or compact disk 2. Contact Person: Name: Wade M. Sheldon, Jr. Address: Dept. of Marine Sciences University of Georgia Athens, Georgia 30602-3636 Country: USA Email: sheldon@uga.edu 3. Copyright Restrictions: not copyrighted 4. Restrictions: All publications based on this data set must cite the contributor and Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER project, and two copies of the manuscript must be submitted to the GCE-LTER Information Management Office. a. Release Date: Affiliates: Dec 03, 2012, Public: Dec 03, 2013 b. Citation: Data provided by the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems Long Term Ecological Research Project, supported by funds from NSF OCE 1237140 (data set INV-GCEM-1212) c. Disclaimer: The user assumes all responsibility for errors in judgement based on interpretation of data and analyses presented in this data set. 5. Costs: free electronic data download via WWW, distribution on CD may be subject to nominal processing and handling fee IV. Data Structural Descriptors A. Data Set File 1. File Name: INV-GCEM-1212_1_0.CSV 2. Size: 88 records 3. File Format: ASCII text (comma-separated value format) 3a. Delimiters: single comma 4. Header Information: 5 lines of ASCII text 5. Alphanumeric Attributes: 6. Quality Control Flag Codes: E = location estimated based on GPS coordinates of prior or replacement plot(s) 7. Authentication Procedures: 8. Calculations: 9. Processing History: Software version: GCE Data Toolbox Version 3.9.2 (01-Dec-2014) Data structure version: GCE Data Structure 1.1 (29-Mar-2001) Original data file processed: INV-GCEM-1212.TXT (88 records) Data processing history: 26-Jan-2015: new GCE Data Structure 1.1 created ('newstruct') 26-Jan-2015: 88 rows imported from ASCII data file 'INV-GCEM-1212.TXT' ('imp_ascii') 26-Jan-2015: 81 metadata fields in file header parsed ('parse_header') 26-Jan-2015: data structure validated ('gce_valid') 26-Jan-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 26-Jan-2015: imported Dataset, Project, Site, Study, Status, Supplement metadata descriptors from the GCE Metabase ('imp_gcemetadata') 26-Jan-2015: updated 56 metadata fields in the Dataset, Project, Site, Status, Study, Supplement sections ('addmeta') 26-Jan-2015: added column 'Location' at position 7 ('addcol') 26-Jan-2015: added Longitude and Latitude columns by matching values in the Location column to entries in the GCE geographic database ('add_stationcoords') 26-Jan-2015: 9 values in 'Location' were updated with new values ('update_data'): changed record 2 from 'GCE1_CB3' to 'GCE1_CB13', changed record 3 from 'GCE1_CB6' to 'GCE1_CB16', changed record 10 from 'GCE2_CB33' to 'GCE2_CB43', changed record 35 from 'GCE5_CB16' to 'GCE5_CB26', changed record 42 from 'GCE6_CB3' to 'GCE6_CB13', changed record 59 from 'GCE8_CB6' to 'GCE8_CB16', changed record 60 from 'GCE8_CB8' to 'GCE8_CB18', changed record 65 from 'GCE9_CB1' to 'GCE9_CB11', changed record 68 from 'GCE9_CB8' to 'GCE9_CB18' 26-Jan-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Location, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 26-Jan-2015: added Longitude and Latitude columns by matching values in the Location column to entries in the GCE geographic database ('add_stationcoords') 26-Jan-2015: 6 values in 'Location' were updated with new values ('update_data'): changed record 3 from 'GCE1_CB16' to 'GCE1_CB26', changed record 10 from 'GCE2_CB43' to 'GCE2_CB53', changed record 35 from 'GCE5_CB26' to 'GCE5_CB36', changed record 42 from 'GCE6_CB13' to 'GCE6_CB23', changed record 59 from 'GCE8_CB16' to 'GCE8_CB26', changed record 60 from 'GCE8_CB18' to 'GCE8_CB28' 26-Jan-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Location, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 26-Jan-2015: added Longitude and Latitude columns by matching values in the Location column to entries in the GCE geographic database ('add_stationcoords') 26-Jan-2015: 3 values in 'Location' were updated with new values ('update_data'): changed record 3 from 'GCE1_CB26' to 'GCE1_CB36', changed record 10 from 'GCE2_CB53' to 'GCE2_CB63', changed record 35 from 'GCE5_CB36' to 'GCE5_CB46' 26-Jan-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Location, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 26-Jan-2015: added Longitude and Latitude columns by matching values in the Location column to entries in the GCE geographic database ('add_stationcoords') 26-Jan-2015: 2 values in 'Location' were updated with new values ('update_data'): changed record 10 from 'GCE2_CB63' to 'GCE2_CB73', changed record 35 from 'GCE5_CB46' to 'GCE5_CB56' 26-Jan-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Location, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 26-Jan-2015: added Longitude and Latitude columns by matching values in the Location column to entries in the GCE geographic database ('add_stationcoords') 26-Jan-2015: 2 values in 'Location' were updated with new values ('update_data'): changed record 10 from 'GCE2_CB73' to 'GCE2_CB83', changed record 35 from 'GCE5_CB56' to 'GCE5_CB66' 26-Jan-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Location, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 26-Jan-2015: added Longitude and Latitude columns by matching values in the Location column to entries in the GCE geographic database ('add_stationcoords') 26-Jan-2015: 2 values in 'Location' were updated with new values ('update_data'): changed record 10 from 'GCE2_CB83' to 'GCE2_CB93', changed record 35 from 'GCE5_CB66' to 'GCE5_CB76' 26-Jan-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Location, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 26-Jan-2015: added Longitude and Latitude columns by matching values in the Location column to entries in the GCE geographic database ('add_stationcoords') 26-Jan-2015: 2 values in 'Location' were updated with new values ('update_data'): changed record 10 from 'GCE2_CB93' to 'GCE2_CB33', changed record 35 from 'GCE5_CB76' to 'GCE5_CB16' 26-Jan-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Location, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 26-Jan-2015: 2 values in 'Location' were updated with new values ('update_data'): changed record 10 from 'GCE2_CB33' to 'GCE2_CB23', changed record 35 from 'GCE5_CB16' to 'GCE5_CB6' 26-Jan-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Location, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 26-Jan-2015: added Longitude and Latitude columns by matching values in the Location column to entries in the GCE geographic database ('add_stationcoords') 26-Jan-2015: added column 'Location_Notes' at position 8 ('addcol') 26-Jan-2015: updated 1 metadata fields in the Data sections ('addmeta') 26-Jan-2015: manually added 'E' flags to 9 records in column(s) Location, Latitude and Longitude ('addflags') 26-Jan-2015: locked Q/C flag criteria for columns Location, Longitude and Latitude to prevent automatic evaluation ('flag_locks') 26-Jan-2015: updated 1 metadata fields in the Data sections ('addmeta') 26-Jan-2015: added geographic metadata based on matching values in columns Site and Location to site and transect names registered in 'geo_polygons.mat' and location and station names registered in 'geo_locations.mat' ('add_sitemetadata') 26-Jan-2015: updated 8 metadata fields in the Site sections ('addmeta') 26-Jan-2015: flags for columns Location, Longitude, Latitude, Quadrat_Area, Hole_Count and Hole_Density converted to data columns, flag codes updated in metadata ('flags2cols') 26-Jan-2015: updated 6 metadata fields in the Data sections ('addmeta') 26-Jan-2015: updated 15 metadata fields in the Status, Data sections to reflect attribute metadata ('updatecols') 26-Jan-2015: parsed and formatted metadata ('listmeta') B. Variable Information 1. Variable Name: column 1. Year column 2. Month column 3. Day column 4. Site column 5. Zone column 6. Plot column 7. Location column 8. Flag_Location column 9. Location_Notes column 10. Longitude column 11. Flag_Longitude column 12. Latitude column 13. Flag_Latitude column 14. Quadrat_Area column 15. Flag_Quadrat_Area column 16. Hole_Count column 17. Flag_Hole_Count column 18. Hole_Density column 19. Flag_Hole_Density 2. Variable Definition: column 1. Calendar year sample was collected column 2. Calenday month sample was collected column 3. Calendar day sample was collected column 4. GCE study site code column 5. Marsh zone column 6. Plot number column 7. Geographic location code in the GCE Metadata Database for the sampling plot column 8. QA/QC flags for Geographic location code in the GCE Metadata Database for the sampling plot (flagging criteria, where "x" is Location: manual) column 9. Notes on location assignments and geographic accuracy column 10. Geographic longitude in decimal degrees column 11. QA/QC flags for Geographic longitude in decimal degrees (flagging criteria, where "x" is Longitude: x<-180="I", x>180="I", manual) column 12. Geographic latitude in decimal degrees column 13. QA/QC flags for Geographic latitude in decimal degrees (flagging criteria, where "x" is Latitude: x<-90="I", x>90="I", manual) column 14. Areal measurement of the quadrat frame column 15. QA/QC flags for Areal measurement of the quadrat frame (flagging criteria, where "x" is Quadrat_Area: x<0="I", x>5000="I", x>625="Q") column 16. Number of crab holes recorded in 625 cm^2 quadrat column 17. QA/QC flags for Number of crab holes recorded in 625 cm^2 quadrat (flagging criteria, where "x" is Hole_Count: x<0="I") column 18. Calculated number of crab holes per meter squared column 19. QA/QC flags for Calculated number of crab holes per meter squared (flagging criteria, where "x" is Hole_Density: x<0="I", x>1000="Q") 3. Units of Measurement: column 1. YYYY column 2. MM column 3. DD column 4. none column 5. none column 6. none column 7. none column 8. none column 9. none column 10. degrees column 11. none column 12. degrees column 13. none column 14. cm^2 column 15. none column 16. Count column 17. none column 18. Count/m^2 column 19. none 4. Data Type a. Storage Type: column 1. integer column 2. integer column 3. integer column 4. integer column 5. integer column 6. integer column 7. string column 8. string column 9. string column 10. floating-point column 11. string column 12. floating-point column 13. string column 14. floating-point column 15. string column 16. integer column 17. string column 18. floating-point column 19. string b. Variable Codes: Site: 1 = GCE1 (Eulonia), 2 = GCE2 (Four Mile Island), 3 = GCE3 (North Sapelo), 4 = GCE4 (Meridian), 5 = GCE5 (Folly River), 6 = GCE6 (Dean Creek), 7 = GCE7 (Carrs Island), 8 = GCE8 (Alligator Creek), 9 = GCE9 (Rockdedundy Island), 10 = GCE10 (Hunt Camp) Zone: 1 = Creekbank zone, 2 = Mid-marsh zone, 3 = High marsh Juncus zone Flag_Location: E = location estimated based on GPS coordinates of prior or replacement plot(s) Flag_Longitude: E = location estimated based on GPS coordinates of prior or replacement plot(s) Flag_Latitude: E = location estimated based on GPS coordinates of prior or replacement plot(s) Flag_Hole_Density: Q = unspecified c. Numeric Range: column 1. 2012 to 2012 column 2. 10 to 10 column 3. 1 to 11 column 4. 1 to 10 column 5. 1 to 3 column 6. 1 to 48 column 7. (none) column 8. (none) column 9. (none) column 10. -81.4787 to -81.229 column 11. (none) column 12. 31.3075 to 31.5395 column 13. (none) column 14. 625 to 625 column 15. (none) column 16. 1 to 64 column 17. (none) column 18. 16 to 1024 column 19. (none) d. Missing Value Code: 5. Data Format a. Column Type: column 1. numerical column 2. numerical column 3. numerical column 4. numerical column 5. numerical column 6. numerical column 7. text column 8. text column 9. text column 10. numerical column 11. text column 12. numerical column 13. text column 14. numerical column 15. text column 16. numerical column 17. text column 18. numerical column 19. text b. Number of Columns: 19 c. Decimal Places: column 1. 0 column 2. 0 column 3. 0 column 4. 0 column 5. 0 column 6. 0 column 7. 0 column 8. 0 column 9. 0 column 10. 6 column 11. 0 column 12. 6 column 13. 0 column 14. 0 column 15. 0 column 16. 0 column 17. 0 column 18. 0 column 19. 0 6. Logical Variable Type: column 1. datetime (discrete) column 2. datetime (discrete) column 3. datetime (discrete) column 4. coded value (discrete) column 5. coded value (discrete) column 6. ordinal (discrete) column 7. nominal (none) column 8. coded value (none) column 9. free text (none) column 10. geographic coordinate (continuous) column 11. coded value (none) column 12. geographic coordinate (continuous) column 13. coded value (none) column 14. data (continuous) column 15. coded value (none) column 16. data (discrete) column 17. coded value (none) column 18. calculation (continuous) column 19. coded value (none) 7. Flagging Criteria: column 1. x<2012="Q";x>2012="Q" column 2. x<1="I";x>12="I";x<10="Q";x>10="Q" column 3. x<1="I";x>31="I";x>11="Q" column 4. x<1="I";x>10="I" column 5. x<1="I";x>3="I" column 6. x<1="I";x>89="Q" column 7. manually-assigned flags column 8. none column 9. none column 10. x<-180="I";x>180="I";manually-assigned flags column 11. none column 12. x<-90="I";x>90="I";manually-assigned flags column 13. none column 14. x<0="I";x>5000="I";x>625="Q" column 15. none column 16. x<0="I" column 17. none column 18. x<0="I";x>1000="Q" column 19. none C. Data Anomalies: V. Supplemental Descriptors A. Data Acquisition 1. Data Forms: Paper log sheets, Excel spreadsheets 2. Form Location: LTER Office, Sapelo Island, GA 3. Data Entry Validation: Count data were cross-checked against field records B. Quality Assurance/Quality Control Procedures: C. Supplemental Materials: None D. Computer Programs: Microsoft Excel E. Archival Practices: F. Publications: not specified G. History of Data Set Usage 1. Data Request History: not specified 2. Data Set Update History: none 3. Review History: none 4. Questions and Comments from Users: none