I. Data Set Descriptors A. Title: Brian R. Silliman. 2013. Effects of ribbed mussel aggregation size on marsh invertebrate community structure and multiple eocsystem functions. Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Data Catalog (data set INV-GCES-1308; http://gce-lter.marsci.uga.edu/public/app/dataset_details.asp?accession=INV-GCES-1308) B. Accession Number: INV-GCES-1308 C. Description 1. Originator(s): Name: Brian R. Silliman Address: 135 Duke Marine Lab Rd. Duke University Marine Lab Beaufort, North Carolina 28516-9721 Country: USA Email: brian.silliman@duke.edu 2. Abstract: Ribbed mussels (Geukensia demissa) were added in aggregations containing 0, 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 40 or 80 mussels (N=3 replicates per aggregation size) in Spring of 2012 in a high marsh platform at the Airport Marsh on Sapelo Island, GA. In summer of 2013, we measured the response of invertebrate communities and six ecosystem functions. Specifically, we counted the number of Littoraria irrorata, Sesarma reticulatum burrows, Uca pugnax burrows (those > and <5mm in diameter were counted separately), and mud crab (Eurythium limosum and Panopeus herbstii) in 50cm x 50cm sampling frames. And, we measured aboveground cordgrass biomass, benthic algae biomass, invertebrate biomass, decomposition rate, infiltration rate, and soil accretion in the same size sampling frames in August of 2013. 3. Study Type: Directed Study 4. Study Themes: Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology 5. LTER Core Areas: Other Site Research 6. Georeferences: none 7. Submission Date: Sep 15, 2013 D. Keywords: biodiversity, ecosystems, Eurytium, GCE, Georgia, Georgia Coastal Ecosystems, Geukensia, Littoraria, LTER, Panopeus, primary production, Sapelo Island, Sesarma, Uca, USA II. Research Origin Descriptors A. Overall Project Description 1. Project Title: Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Project II 2. Principal Investigators: Name: Merryl Alber Address: Dept. of Marine Sciences University of Georgia Athens, Georgia 30602-3636 Country: USA Email: malber@uga.edu 3. Funding Period: May 01, 2006 to Jan 01, 2013 4. Objectives: To understand the mechanisms by which variation in the quality, source and amount of both fresh and salt water create temporal and spatial variability in estuarine habitats and processes, in order to predict directional changes that will occur in response to long-term shifts in estuarine salinity patterns 5. Abstract: The Georgia Coastal Ecosystems (GCE) LTER program, located on the central Georgia coast, was established in 2000. The study domain encompasses three adjacent sounds (Altamaha, Doboy, Sapelo) and includes upland (mainland, barrier islands, marsh hammocks), intertidal (fresh, brackish and salt marsh) and submerged (river, estuary, continental shelf) habitats. Patterns and processes in this complex landscape vary spatially within and between sites, and temporally on multiple scales (tidal, diurnal, seasonal, and interannual). Overlain on this spatial and temporal variation are long-term trends caused by climate change, sea level rise, and human alterations of the landscape. These long-term trends are likely to manifest in many ways, including changes in water quality, river discharge, runoff and tidal inundation patterns throughout the estuarine landscape. The overarching goal of the GCE program is to understand the mechanisms by which variation in the quality, source and amount of both fresh and salt water create temporal and spatial variability in estuarine habitats and processes, in order to predict directional changes that will occur in response to long-term shifts in estuarine salinity patterns. The objectives of the current funding cycle are 1) to continue to document long-term patterns of environmental forcing to the coastal zone, 2) to link environmental forcing to observed spatial and temporal patterns of biogeochemical processes, primary production, community dynamics, decomposition and disturbance, 3) to investigate the underlying mechanisms by which environmental gradients along the longitudinal (freshwater-saltwater) and 4) lateral (upland-subtidal) axes of estuaries drive ecosystem change, and 5) to explore the relative importance of larval transport and the conditions of the adult environment in determining community and genetic structure across both the longitudinal and vertical gradients of the estuary. To meet these objectives, we utilize a suite of approaches including long-term monitoring of abiotic drivers and ecosystem responses; manipulative and natural experiments designed to enable us to examine the importance of key ecosystem drivers; and modeling. 6. Funding Source: NSF OCE 0620959 B. Sub-project Description 1. Site Description a. Geographic Location: Sapelo -- Sapelo Island, Sapelo Island, Georgia Coordinates: Sapelo -- NW: 081 18 28.72 W, 31 32 10.93 N NE: 081 10 34.26 W, 31 32 10.93 N SE: 081 10 34.26 W, 31 22 48.54 N SW: 081 18 28.72 W, 31 22 48.54 N b. Physiographic Region: Sapelo -- unspecified c. Landform Components: Sapelo -- Barrier island d. Hydrographic Characteristics: Sapelo -- unspecified e. Topographic Attributes: Sapelo -- unspecified f. Geology, Lithology and Soils: Sapelo -- unspecified g. Vegetation Communities: Sapelo -- Salt marsh vegetation on the island exterior (dominated by Spartina alterniflora), transitioning to marsh meadow and maritime forest on the island interior h. History of Land Use and Disturbance: none recorded i. Climate: Climate summary for Sapelo Island, Georgia, based on NWS data from 1980-2010: Daily-aggregated Values: Mean (sample standard deviation) mean air temperature: 20.09°C (7.28°C) minimum air temperature: 15.02°C (7.96°C) maximum air temperature: 24.82°C (6.98°C) total precipitation: 3.26mm (10.3mm) Yearly-aggregated Daily Values: Mean (sample standard deviation) total precipitation (1980-2010): 1124mm (266mm) 2. Experimental or Sampling Design a. Design Characteristics: We manipulated mussel aggregation size in a high marsh platform on Sapelo Island, GA in Spring 2013 and measured its effect on resident marsh inverterbate community structure and ecosystem functions in Summer of 2014. b. Permanent Plots: 50 x 50cm sampling plots were established in an high elevation marsh platform dominated by short-form Spartina alterniflora c. Data Collection Duration and Frequency: All periwinkle snails >3mm in spire high, and all crab burrows generated by mud crab (white and black claw mud crab burrows were counted together given their functional similarlity), mud fiddler crab (juvenile - i.e. <5mm- and adult fiddler burrows were counted separately given their functional differences), and marsh crab (Sesarma reticulatum) burrows were counted within 50 x 50cm sampling frames. Beginning of Observations: May 01, 2012 End of Observations: Aug 30, 2013 3. Research Methods a. Field and Laboratory Methods: Method 1: Invertebrate functional group diversity -- to assess the effect of mussel density on diversity, we counted every macro-invertebrate in each plot. We classified invertebrates in five functional groups (mud crabs, marsh crabs, adult fiddler crabs, juvenile fiddler crabs, and snails) rather than taxonomic species to account both for functional redundancy between species (i.e., Eurythium limosum and Panopeus obesus are generalist predators that excavate similarly-sized burrows, thus they are both counted as mud crabs) and functional disparity between life stages of the same species (i.e., since adult fiddler crabs excavate burrows that are 5-10× wider and deeper than those excavated by juvenile fiddler crabs, we counted them separately). Since excavations of 20 burrows per functional group revealed that burrow densities correspond closely to crab densities at this field site [0.95 mud crabs per burrow, 1.2 marsh crabs (Sesarma reticulatum) per burrow, 0.85 adult and 0.94 juvenile mud fiddler crabs (Uca pugnax) per burrow], we counted burrows as a non-destructive measure of each crab functional group. Snails were counted on the marsh surface and cordgrass canopy. From invertebrate counts, we calculated functional group richness as a simple and interpretable measure of biodiversity. Method 2: Invertebrate biomass -- we assessed invertebrate biomass, a measure of secondary marsh productivity, in each plot by collecting a random sample of 20 mud crabs, 20 marsh crabs, 20 adult and 20 juvenile fiddler crabs, and 20 snails at the site of our experiment. Each invertebrate was dried in a 60°C oven for 48 hours and weighed. We then calculated invertebrate biomass by multiplying the density of each functional group by the respective average biomass per individual, and summing these values across all functional groups in each plot. Method 3: Soil accretion -- we measured soil accretion, the vertical accumulation of settled, but not yet root-bound, soil, by inserting a 3mm diameter rod perpendicularly into the marsh until it made contact with the rigid root mat. We recorded the unbound soil depth at five haphazardly chosen locations per plot in October 2013 and averaged these values to generate integrative measure of the extent to which soil accreted on the marsh surface over the duration of the experiment. Method 4: Decomposition -- we quantified decomposition, a key process in nutrient cycling, using bait lamina tests (Terra Protecta, Berlin, Germany). In August 2013, we haphazardly inserted 3 bait strips to a depth of 12cm in each plot, collected them after 48 hours, and counted the number of baits that were decomposed out of the 16 baits per strip. Method 5: Infiltration rate -- we measured infiltration, the rate with which water percolates through marsh soils, by securing a 12cm diameter double-ring infiltrometer to the marsh surface, filling it with two liters of creek water four hours after high tide, and recording the time required for the water to drain. Infiltration is a critical function that prevents the development of water-logged, anoxic marsh soils which limit primary and secondary production and promotes the uptake and filtration of nutrients from terrestrial and estuarine water sources. Method 6: Benthic algae biomass -- we quantified the density of benthic algae, a major component of salt marsh primary production and a dominant resource consumed by fiddler crabs and snails, on the surface of the marsh using a hand-held fluorometer (Bentho-torch, bbe Moldaenke GmbH, Germany). On each of three consecutive sunny days, we recorded three readings (µg diatoms + µg cyanobacteria per cm2) per plot, which we then averaged to derive one integrated measure of benthic algae biomass. Method 7: Aboveground cordgrass biomass -- we harvested, rinsed, dried in a 60°C oven for 72 hours, and weighed all live stems located within plot boundaries in October 2013 to quantify aboveground cordgrass biomass. Standing plant biomass, is commonly used as a proxy for primary production and is a function that mediates carbon sequestration and wave attenuation, two key services provided by marsh ecosystems. b. Instrumentation: Method 1: 50 x 50cm sampling frame Method 2: Weigh scale, sampling frame Method 3: 3mm wooden dowel Method 4: Bait lamina strips Bait lamina test Manufacturer: Terra Protecta (Model: bait lamina test strip) Parameter: decomposition rate (Range: 0-16 baits decomposed) Method 5: Double ring inflitrometer Manufacturer: based on Rickly Hydrological Company model (Model: based on Model 1003-001) Parameter: soil permeability (Range: ~0-5 liters) Double-ring infiltrometer Method 6: Bentho-torch handheld fluorometer Bentho-tourch Manufacturer: bbe Moldaenke GmbH (Model: Bentho-torch,) Parameter: green algae (Accuracy: 0.1 µg chl-a/cm2, Range: 0 - 15 µg chl-a/cm2) Method 7: Scissors, drying oven, scale c. Taxonomy and Systematics: Method 1: not applicable Method 2: not applicable Method 3: not applicable Method 4: not applicable Method 5: not applicable Method 6: not applicable Method 7: not applicable d. Speclies List: e. Permit History: Method 1: not applicable Method 2: not applicable Method 3: not applicable Method 4: not applicable Method 5: not applicable Method 6: not applicable Method 7: not applicable 4. Project Personnel a. Personnel: 1: Brian R. Silliman 2: Christine Angelini b. Affiliations: 1: Duke University, Beaufort, North Carolina 2: University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida III. Data Set Status and Accessibility A. Status 1. Latest Update: 04-Feb-2015 2. Latest Archive Date: 04-Feb-2015 3. Latest Metadata Update: 04-Feb-2015 4. Data Verification Status: Reviewed by GCE IM B. Accessibility 1. Storage Location and Medium: Stored at GCE-LTER Data Management Office Dept. of Marine Sciences Univ. of Georgia Athens, GA 30602-3636 USA on media: electronic data download (WWW) or compact disk 2. Contact Person: Name: Wade M. Sheldon, Jr. Address: Dept. of Marine Sciences University of Georgia Athens, Georgia 30602-3636 Country: USA Email: sheldon@uga.edu 3. Copyright Restrictions: not copyrighted 4. Restrictions: All publications based on this data set must cite the contributor and Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER project, and two copies of the manuscript must be submitted to the GCE-LTER Information Management Office. a. Release Date: Affiliates: Sep 15, 2013, Public: Sep 15, 2015 b. Citation: Data provided by the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems Long Term Ecological Research Project, supported by funds from NSF OCE 0620959 (data set INV-GCES-1308) c. Disclaimer: The user assumes all responsibility for errors in judgement based on interpretation of data and analyses presented in this data set. 5. Costs: free electronic data download via WWW, distribution on CD may be subject to nominal processing and handling fee IV. Data Structural Descriptors A. Data Set File 1. File Name: INV-GCES-1308_1_0.CSV 2. Size: 24 records 3. File Format: ASCII text (comma-separated value format) 3a. Delimiters: single comma 4. Header Information: 5 lines of ASCII text 5. Alphanumeric Attributes: 6. Quality Control Flag Codes: 7. Authentication Procedures: not specified 8. Calculations: 9. Processing History: Software version: GCE Data Toolbox Version 3.8.0 (09-Nov-2013) Data structure version: GCE Data Structure 1.1 (29-Mar-2001) Original data file processed: INV-GCES-1308.txt (24 records) Data processing history: 03-Feb-2015: new GCE Data Structure 1.1 created ('newstruct') 03-Feb-2015: 24 rows imported from ASCII data file 'INV-GCES-1308.txt' ('imp_ascii') 03-Feb-2015: 81 metadata fields in file header parsed ('parse_header') 03-Feb-2015: data structure validated ('gce_valid') 03-Feb-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 03-Feb-2015: automatically assigned study date metadata descriptors based on the range of date values in date/time columns (add_studydates) 03-Feb-2015: imported Data, Dataset, Project, Site, Study, Status, Supplement metadata descriptors from the GCE Metabase ('imp_gcemetadata') 03-Feb-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 03-Feb-2015: manually edited data set metadata ('ui_editmetadata') 03-Feb-2015: Name of column Experimental Treatment changed to Experimental_Treatment; Name of column mud crab burrows changed to mud_crab_burrows; Name of column marsh crab burrows changed to marsh_crab_burrows; Name of column adult fiddler crab burrows changed to adult_fiddler_crab_burrows; Name of column juvenile fiddler crab burrows changed to juvenile_fiddler_crab_burrows; Name of column periwinkle snails changed to periwinkle_snails; Name of column secondary production changed to secondary_production; Name of column soil accretion changed to soil_accretion; Name of column benthic algae biomass changed to benthic_algae_biomass; Name of column infiltration rate changed to infiltration_rate; Name of column aboveground cordgrass biomass changed to aboveground_cordgrass_biomas ('ui_editor') 04-Feb-2015: imported Dataset, Project, Site, Study, Status, Supplement metadata descriptors from the GCE Metabase ('imp_gcemetadata') 04-Feb-2015: updated 56 metadata fields in the Dataset, Project, Site, Status, Study, Supplement sections ('addmeta') 04-Feb-2015: flags for columns mud_crab_burrows, marsh_crab_burrows, adult_fiddler_crab_burrows, juvenile_fiddler_crab_burrows, periwinkle_snails, secondary_production, soil_accretion, benthic_algae_biomass, decomposition, infiltration_rate and aboveground_cordgrass_biomass converted to data columns, flag codes updated in metadata ('flags2cols') 04-Feb-2015: updated 6 metadata fields in the Data sections ('addmeta') 04-Feb-2015: updated 15 metadata fields in the Status, Data sections to reflect attribute metadata ('updatecols') 04-Feb-2015: parsed and formatted metadata ('listmeta') B. Variable Information 1. Variable Name: column 1. Year column 2. Month column 3. Day column 4. Experimental_Treatment column 5. Replicate column 6. mud_crab_burrows column 7. Flag_mud_crab_burrows column 8. marsh_crab_burrows column 9. Flag_marsh_crab_burrows column 10. adult_fiddler_crab_burrows column 11. Flag_adult_fiddler_crab_burrows column 12. juvenile_fiddler_crab_burrows column 13. Flag_juvenile_fiddler_crab_burrows column 14. periwinkle_snails column 15. Flag_periwinkle_snails column 16. secondary_production column 17. Flag_secondary_production column 18. soil_accretion column 19. Flag_soil_accretion column 20. benthic_algae_biomass column 21. Flag_benthic_algae_biomass column 22. decomposition column 23. Flag_decomposition column 24. infiltration_rate column 25. Flag_infiltration_rate column 26. aboveground_cordgrass_biomass column 27. Flag_aboveground_cordgrass_biomass 2. Variable Definition: column 1. Calendar year of observation column 2. Calendar month of observation column 3. Calendar day of observation column 4. The number of mussels added to the experimental plot column 5. The plot replicate number column 6. Number of Mud Crab burrows counted per 50 x 50cm frame quadrat around experimental plot column 7. QA/QC flags for Number of Mud Crab burrows counted per 50 x 50cm frame quadrat around experimental plot (flagging criteria, where "x" is mud_crab_burrows: x>9="I", x<0="Q", x>5="Q") column 8. Number of marsh crab burrows counted per 50 x 50cm frame quadrat around experimental plot column 9. QA/QC flags for Number of marsh crab burrows counted per 50 x 50cm frame quadrat around experimental plot (flagging criteria, where "x" is marsh_crab_burrows: x>10="I", x<0="Q", x>8="Q") column 10. Number of adult fiddler crab (>5mm) burrows counted per 50 x 50cm frame quadrat around experimental plot column 11. QA/QC flags for Number of adult fiddler crab (>5mm) burrows counted per 50 x 50cm frame quadrat around experimental plot (flagging criteria, where "x" is adult_fiddler_crab_burrows: x>20="I", x<0="Q", x>20="Q") column 12. Number of juvenile fiddler crab (<5mm) burrows counted per 50 x 50cm frame quadrat around experimental plot column 13. QA/QC flags for Number of juvenile fiddler crab (<5mm) burrows counted per 50 x 50cm frame quadrat around experimental plot (flagging criteria, where "x" is juvenile_fiddler_crab_burrows: x>200="I", x<0="Q", x>150="Q") column 14. Number of periwinkle snails (3mm) counted per 50 x 50cm frame quadrat around experimental plot column 15. QA/QC flags for Number of periwinkle snails (3mm) counted per 50 x 50cm frame quadrat around experimental plot (flagging criteria, where "x" is periwinkle_snails: x>200="I", x<20="Q", x>150="Q") column 16. grams of resident invertebrate biomass per 50 x 50cm frame plot column 17. QA/QC flags for grams of resident invertebrate biomass per 50 x 50cm frame plot (flagging criteria, where "x" is secondary_production: x>80="I", x<10="Q", x>50="Q") column 18. depth of non-root bound soil on the marsh surface, reported are the average of 5 measurements taken across the 50 x 50cm plot column 19. QA/QC flags for depth of non-root bound soil on the marsh surface, reported are the average of 5 measurements taken across the 50 x 50cm plot (flagging criteria, where "x" is soil_accretion: x>10="I", x<0="Q", x>10="Q", average of 5 measurements) column 20. the total ?g per square centimeter of benthic algae (i.e. cyanobacteria + diatoms), reported are the average of 3 measurements taken with the Bentho torch on each of 3 sunny days column 21. QA/QC flags for the total ?g per square centimeter of benthic algae (i.e. cyanobacteria + diatoms), reported are the average of 3 measurements taken with the Bentho torch on each of 3 sunny days (flagging criteria, where "x" is benthic_algae_biomass: x>30="I", x<10="Q", x>22="Q", average of 3 measurements) column 22. the percent of bait holes that were decomposed after 3 days, this the the average of 3 bait strips, each with 15 baits per strip that were deployed in haphazard locations within each plot column 23. QA/QC flags for the percent of bait holes that were decomposed after 3 days, this the the average of 3 bait strips, each with 15 baits per strip that were deployed in haphazard locations within each plot (flagging criteria, where "x" is decomposition: x>100="I", x<0="Q", x>100="Q", average of 3 measurements) column 24. the rate, in liters per square meter, of creekwater that drained through a double-ring infiltrometer placed in the center of each plot column 25. QA/QC flags for the rate, in liters per square meter, of creekwater that drained through a double-ring infiltrometer placed in the center of each plot (flagging criteria, where "x" is infiltration_rate: x>150="I", x<0="Q", x>150="Q") column 26. the grams of dry live cordgrass plant tissue harvested from the 50 x 50cm sampling frame and dried and weighed column 27. QA/QC flags for the grams of dry live cordgrass plant tissue harvested from the 50 x 50cm sampling frame and dried and weighed (flagging criteria, where "x" is aboveground_cordgrass_biomass: x>150="I", x<0="Q", x>150="Q") 3. Units of Measurement: column 1. YYYY column 2. MM column 3. DD column 4. none column 5. none column 6. none column 7. none column 8. none column 9. none column 10. none column 11. none column 12. none column 13. none column 14. none column 15. none column 16. grams column 17. none column 18. cm column 19. none column 20. ug/cm2 column 21. none column 22. percent column 23. none column 24. L/m2 column 25. none column 26. grams column 27. none 4. Data Type a. Storage Type: column 1. integer column 2. integer column 3. integer column 4. integer column 5. integer column 6. integer column 7. string column 8. integer column 9. string column 10. integer column 11. string column 12. integer column 13. string column 14. integer column 15. string column 16. floating-point column 17. string column 18. floating-point column 19. string column 20. floating-point column 21. string column 22. floating-point column 23. string column 24. floating-point column 25. string column 26. floating-point column 27. string b. Variable Codes: Flag_secondary_production: Q = questionable value c. Numeric Range: column 1. 2013 to 2013 column 2. 8 to 8 column 3. 13 to 13 column 4. 0 to 80 column 5. 1 to 3 column 6. 0 to 3 column 7. (none) column 8. 0 to 7 column 9. (none) column 10. 2 to 15 column 11. (none) column 12. 2 to 142 column 13. (none) column 14. 46 to 144 column 15. (none) column 16. 9.002 to 74.946 column 17. (none) column 18. 1 to 7 column 19. (none) column 20. 12.7778 to 20.8889 column 21. (none) column 22. 28.125 to 84.375 column 23. (none) column 24. 0.10406 to 104.0587 column 25. (none) column 26. 37.16 to 131.08 column 27. (none) d. Missing Value Code: 5. Data Format a. Column Type: column 1. numerical column 2. numerical column 3. numerical column 4. numerical column 5. numerical column 6. numerical column 7. text column 8. numerical column 9. text column 10. numerical column 11. text column 12. numerical column 13. text column 14. numerical column 15. text column 16. numerical column 17. text column 18. numerical column 19. text column 20. numerical column 21. text column 22. numerical column 23. text column 24. numerical column 25. text column 26. numerical column 27. text b. Number of Columns: 27 c. Decimal Places: column 1. 0 column 2. 0 column 3. 0 column 4. 0 column 5. 0 column 6. 0 column 7. 0 column 8. 0 column 9. 0 column 10. 0 column 11. 0 column 12. 0 column 13. 0 column 14. 0 column 15. 0 column 16. 2 column 17. 0 column 18. 1 column 19. 0 column 20. 2 column 21. 0 column 22. 2 column 23. 0 column 24. 2 column 25. 0 column 26. 2 column 27. 0 6. Logical Variable Type: column 1. datetime (discrete) column 2. datetime (discrete) column 3. datetime (discrete) column 4. nominal (discrete) column 5. nominal (discrete) column 6. data (discrete) column 7. coded value (none) column 8. data (discrete) column 9. coded value (none) column 10. data (discrete) column 11. coded value (none) column 12. data (discrete) column 13. coded value (none) column 14. data (discrete) column 15. coded value (none) column 16. data (continuous) column 17. coded value (none) column 18. calculation (continuous) column 19. coded value (none) column 20. calculation (continuous) column 21. coded value (none) column 22. calculation (continuous) column 23. coded value (none) column 24. data (continuous) column 25. coded value (none) column 26. data (continuous) column 27. coded value (none) 7. Flagging Criteria: column 1. x>2013="I";x<2013="Q";x>2013="Q" column 2. x>12="I";x<8="Q";x>8="Q" column 3. x>30="I";x<10="Q";x>30="Q" column 4. x>80="I";x<0="Q";x>80="Q" column 5. x>8="I";x<1="Q";x>8="Q" column 6. x>9="I";x<0="Q";x>5="Q" column 7. none column 8. x>10="I";x<0="Q";x>8="Q" column 9. none column 10. x>20="I";x<0="Q";x>20="Q" column 11. none column 12. x>200="I";x<0="Q";x>150="Q" column 13. none column 14. x>200="I";x<20="Q";x>150="Q" column 15. none column 16. x>80="I";x<10="Q";x>50="Q" column 17. none column 18. x>10="I";x<0="Q";x>10="Q";average of 5 measurements column 19. none column 20. x>30="I";x<10="Q";x>22="Q";average of 3 measurements column 21. none column 22. x>100="I";x<0="Q";x>100="Q";average of 3 measurements column 23. none column 24. x>150="I";x<0="Q";x>150="Q" column 25. none column 26. x>150="I";x<0="Q";x>150="Q" column 27. none C. Data Anomalies: V. Supplemental Descriptors A. Data Acquisition 1. Data Forms: 2. Form Location: 3. Data Entry Validation: B. Quality Assurance/Quality Control Procedures: C. Supplemental Materials: D. Computer Programs: E. Archival Practices: F. Publications: not specified G. History of Data Set Usage 1. Data Request History: not specified 2. Data Set Update History: none 3. Review History: none 4. Questions and Comments from Users: none