I. Data Set Descriptors A. Title: null. 2025. Georgia Salt Marsh: Soil Organic Carbon, Nitrogen, Bulk Density, Moisture, and Texture from Cores Taken From Several Salt Marshes Along the Georgia Coast between 2021 and 2023. Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Data Catalog (data set MSH-GCEL-2506; /data/MSH-GCEL-2506) B. Accession Number: MSH-GCEL-2506 C. Description 1. Originator(s): null 2. Abstract: As part of project predicting soil carbon at depth from that found at the surface using remote sensing, 28 soil cores were taken from six salt marshes along the Georgia coastline. Cores were taken as deep as possible (25 – 165 cm) and sectioned into 5 cm depths. Soils were analyzed for organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (N), bulk density (BD), and particle size (by horizon). Stable carbon isotopes were obtained in three marshes on Sapelo Island; a subset was also analyzed for radiocarbon. 3. Study Type: Leveraged Study 4. Study Themes: Marsh Ecology 5. LTER Core Areas: Organic Matter 6. Georeferences: none 7. Submission Date: Jun 16, 2025 D. Keywords: GCE, Georgia, Georgia Coastal Ecosystems, LTER, marshes, Organic Matter, salt marshes, Sapelo Island, Sediment Monitoring, soils, USA II. Research Origin Descriptors A. Overall Project Description 1. Project Title: Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER - IV 2. Principal Investigators: Name: Merryl Alber Address: Dept. of Marine Sciences University of Georgia Athens, Georgia 30602-3636 Country: USA Email: malber@uga.edu 3. Funding Period: Feb 01, 2019 to Jan 31, 2025 4. Objectives: The GCE-LTER project has four goals. 1) Track environmental and human drivers that can cause perturbations in our focal ecosystems. This will be accomplished this through continuing long-term measurements of climate, water chemistry, oceanic exchange, and human activities on the landscape. 2) Describe temporal and spatial variability in physical, chemical, geological and biological characteristics of the study system (coastal wetland complexes) and how they respond to external drivers. This will be accomplished through field monitoring in combination with remote sensing and modeling. 3) Characterize the ecological responses of intertidal marshes to disturbance. This will be accomplished by ongoing monitoring and experimental work to evaluate system responses to major perturbations in three key marsh habitats (changes in inundation and predator exclusion in Spartina-dominated salt marshes; increases in salinity in fresh marshes; changes in runoff in high marshes), by implementing standardized experimental disturbances along salinity and elevation gradients, and by tracking responses to natural disturbances. 4) Evaluate ecosystem properties at the landscape level (habitat distribution, net and gross primary production, C budgets) and assess the cumulative effects of disturbance on these properties. The project will also develop relationships between drivers and response variables, which can be used to predict the effects of future changes. This will be accomplished through a combination of data synthesis, remote sensing and modeling. 5. Abstract: The Georgia Coastal Ecosystems (GCE) Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) program, based at the University of Georgia Marine Institute on Sapelo Island, Georgia, was established in 2000 to study long-term change in coastal ecosystems. Estuaries (places where salt water from the ocean mixes with fresh water from the land) and their adjacent marshes provide food and refuge for fish, shellfish and birds; protect the shoreline from storms; help to keep the water clean; and store carbon. The GCE LTER researchers study marshes and estuaries to understand how these ecosystems function, to track how they change over time, and to predict how they might be affected by future changes in climate and human activities. They accomplish this by tracking the major factors that can cause long-term change in coastal areas (e.g. sea level, rainfall, upstream development), and measuring the effects of these factors on the study site. They also conduct focused studies to assess how key marsh habitats will respond to major changes expected in the future, including large-scale experiments to evaluate the effects of a) increases in the salinity of the water that floods freshwater marshes (mimicking drought and/or sea level rise), b) changes in water runoff from land into the upland marsh border (mimicking drought or upland development), and c) exclusion of larger organisms in the salt marsh (mimicking long-term declines in predators). During this award they will initiate additional studies to systematically evaluate how coastal wetlands respond to disturbances. Disturbances, or disruptions in the environment, are particularly important to understand in the context of long-term background changes such as increasing sea level, and GCE researchers are working to assess the cumulative effects of multiple disturbances on the landscape. The GCE education and outreach program works to share an understanding of coastal ecosystems with teachers and students, coastal managers, citizen scientist and the general public. 6. Funding Source: NSF OCE 1832178 B. Sub-project Description 1. Site Description a. Geographic Location: GCE6 -- Dean Creek, Sapelo Island, Georgia, USA CentralCst -- Central Georgia Coast, Georgia, USA Sapelo -- Sapelo Island, Sapelo Island, Georgia S_Newport -- South Newport River, Georgia, USA Coordinates: GCE6 -- NW: 081 17 58.28 W, 31 23 38.66 N NE: 081 15 51.76 W, 31 23 38.66 N SE: 081 15 51.76 W, 31 22 15.61 N SW: 081 17 58.28 W, 31 22 15.61 N CentralCst -- NW: 081 45 35.15 W, 31 46 16.28 N NE: 081 07 09.45 W, 31 46 16.28 N SE: 081 07 09.45 W, 30 53 33.76 N SW: 081 45 35.15 W, 30 53 33.76 N Sapelo -- NW: 081 18 28.72 W, 31 32 10.93 N NE: 081 10 34.26 W, 31 32 10.93 N SE: 081 10 34.26 W, 31 22 48.54 N SW: 081 18 28.72 W, 31 22 48.54 N S_Newport -- NW: 081 26 22.15 W, 31 41 24.75 N NE: 081 09 23.91 W, 31 41 24.75 N SE: 081 09 23.91 W, 31 31 04.16 N SW: 081 26 22.15 W, 31 31 04.16 N b. Physiographic Region: GCE6 -- Barrier island CentralCst -- unspecified Sapelo -- unspecified S_Newport -- unspecified c. Landform Components: GCE6 -- Intertidal salt marsh, sand beach, maritime forest CentralCst -- unspecified Sapelo -- Barrier island S_Newport -- unspecified d. Hydrographic Characteristics: GCE6 -- Site contains Dean Creek and borders Doboy Sound, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides CentralCst -- unspecified Sapelo -- unspecified S_Newport -- unspecified e. Topographic Attributes: GCE6 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide CentralCst -- unspecified Sapelo -- unspecified S_Newport -- unspecified f. Geology, Lithology and Soils: GCE6 -- unspecified CentralCst -- unspecified Sapelo -- unspecified S_Newport -- unspecified g. Vegetation Communities: GCE6 -- Vegetation is mostly short and tall Spartina alterniflora, with small amounts of Juncus and Borrichia. CentralCst -- unspecified Sapelo -- Salt marsh vegetation on the island exterior (dominated by Spartina alterniflora), transitioning to marsh meadow and maritime forest on the island interior S_Newport -- unspecified h. History of Land Use and Disturbance: GCE6 -- Oct 01, 2000: Permanent plots were established in two nominal marsh zones based on marsh structure -- creek zone and high marsh -- and eight plots were randomly located in each zone and marked with stakes Oct 01, 2001: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to catastrophic disturbance and replaced with new plots as indicated: zone 1, plot 3 (not replaced). Oct 19, 2002: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack (some have no shoots): C1. The following plots were disturbed by wildlife (some have no shoots): M6, M7, M8 (snails). The following creekbank plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C4, C5. No plots were replaced. Oct 17, 2003: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wildlife (some have no shoots): M8. The following creekbank plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C5. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion or catastrophic wrack inundation and were replaced: C2, C4 (replaced with C12, C14). Oct 22, 2004: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C1, C12, C23, C5, C6, C8. The following plots were disturbed by wildlife (some have no shoots): M8. No plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, and none were replaced. Oct 21, 2005: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C5, C12. The following plots were disturbed by wildlife: M8. No plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, and none were replaced. Oct 15, 2006: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C1, C23, C6, C7 (C1, C23 have no plants). The following plots were disturbed by wildlife (some have no shoots): M8. The following creekbank plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C12, C14, C5. No plots were lost and none were replaced. Oct 23, 2007: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C5, C14, C22. The following plots were disturbed by wrack or wildlife activity: C15, C16, C23, M8. No plots were replaced. Oct 26, 2008: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C24. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C23. The following plots were distrurbed by wildlife (some may have no shoots): M8 (no shoots). The following plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing: C22, C23. No plots were replaced. Oct 16, 2009: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C22, C23. No other plots were disturbed by wildlife or wrack, and none were replaced. Oct 20, 2010: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C6. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity: C32 (replaced with C42). No plots were disturbed by wildlife or are on creekbank areas that are collapsing. Oct 25, 2011: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots are located on sections of creek bank that are collapsing: C6, C33. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife activity and were replaced: C15 (now C25). Oct 15, 2012: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: C1, C6, C8, C33, C34. No plots were disturbed by creekbank erosion or wildlife, but no living plants were observed in C34 and M5 is now in an apparent die-back zone. Oct 16, 2013: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were lost due to creekbank erosion, catastrophic wrack disturbance, or catastrophic wildlife: C15 (replaced with C25), C16 (replaced with C26), C8 (replaced with 18). Oct 18, 2014: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. No disturbance was noted, and no plots were lost; however, plots C33, C34 and C26 were relabeled as C43, C44 and C36, resp. for unspecified reasons. Oct 15, 2015: Plots were examined for signs of disturbance by wrack inundation, animal activity, and creek bank erosion. The following plots were disturbed by wrack: M2. The following plots are on creekbank areas that are collapsing (slumping): C42, C36. The following plots were lost due to terminal slumping of the creekbank: C43, C44, C25 (replaced with C53, C54, C35). No plots were disturbed by wildlife. i. Climate: Climate summary for Sapelo Island, Georgia, based on NWS data from 1980-2010: Daily-aggregated Values: Mean (sample standard deviation) mean air temperature: 20.09°C (7.28°C) minimum air temperature: 15.02°C (7.96°C) maximum air temperature: 24.82°C (6.98°C) total precipitation: 3.26mm (10.3mm) Yearly-aggregated Daily Values: Mean (sample standard deviation) total precipitation (1980-2010): 1124mm (266mm) 2. Experimental or Sampling Design a. Design Characteristics: 5 plots along a transect at each of 6 marshes, except Skidaway which had only 3 plots b. Permanent Plots: not specified c. Data Collection Duration and Frequency: not specified Beginning of Observations: Mar 01, 2021 End of Observations: Jun 16, 2025 3. Research Methods a. Field and Laboratory Methods: Method 1: Sampling -- Sampling took place in June 2021, August 2021, June 2022, and May 2023. Five (and three in one instance) intact soil cores (25 to 170 cm deep) were collected from each marsh platform along a transect. Most cores were constructed of 10.18 cm diameter PVC fitted with polyethylene terephthalate glycol plastic “core catchers” to reduce slippage when retrieving the core. Cores from Sapelo island were collected using a 7.62 cm diameter aluminum pipe extracted with a vibracore (ECT Manufacturing, Hamilton, NJ) with the assistance of the United States Department of Agriculture Natural Resource Conservation Service (USDA NRCS) Subaqueous Soil Mapping team (as described in Stolt et al. 2017). Depth from the top of the core to the soil surface inside and outside of the core was recorded to document compaction. Once extracted, core contents were topped with water from the location of collection, stabilized with polyethylene foam (which displaced the water), sealed at both ends, and transported to a laboratory for sectioning and soil profile descriptions. Cores were split lengthwise, described by a soil scientist, and sectioned into 5 cm increments. Half of the core was allocated for BD measurements. BD was determined using a subsample of known volume (12.44 cm3) by drying the samples at 65°C for 48 hours (sensu Wang 2007). Samples from the other half of the core were sectioned into 5 cm increments, air dried, and sieved (2 mm mesh) before analyses. Method 2: Particle Size -- Particle size analysis was explored by horizon for five of the six marshes (all but Skidaway) in this study, according to the soil descriptions written at the time of core collection. Soil horizons were re-built by aggregating equal volumes (5 ml) of each 5 cm increment. The aggregated horizon samples were then combusted at 500 °C to remove any organic material. The combusted samples were then treated with 5g L-1 sodium hexametaphosphate for 15 – 20 hours to disaggregate any clumps and vortexed to ensure mixing. Samples were analyzed on a Beckman Courrier Laser Particle Size Analyzer LS 13 320 (Indianapolis, Indiana). Soil classification follows the USDA NRCS standard classification. Method 3: Carbon and Nitrogen Analysis -- Sieved samples were moisture corrected by drying them at 65°C until a constant mass was achieved (< 4% change in mass; Howard et al. 2019). Dried samples were then pulverized and homogenized (SPEX SamplePrep 8000D Mixer/Mill, Metuchen, NJ). In addition, every fifth sample along the core was tested for inorganic C content using direct acidification with 1 M HCl (Kennedy et al., 2005). If effervescence occurred upon acidification, samples received another addition of HCl and were stirred until effervescence ceased. Acidified samples were then dried before analysis for SOC and nitrogen (N) content (CE Elantech NC2100 elemental analyzer (EA), Lakewood, NJ). Instrument outputs were compared between non-acidified and acidified samples, and acidified results were kept if the difference was greater than 15 % of the original value and if effervescence occurred. Adjacent 5 cm segments were treated for inorganic C if the difference was greater than 15 % between C values or if the C:N ratio deviated from the expected range. Acidified results were used for any samples that contained inorganic C content (where inorganic C was not present, then total C is equivalent to SOC). The delta 13 C values is calculated by comparing the 13C/12C ratio of the sample to that of the VPDB standard, expressed in per mil. b. Protocols: Method 1: none Method 2: none Method 3: none c. Instrumentation: Method 1: none Method 2: none Method 3: CE Elantech NC2100 elemental analyzer (EA), Lakewood, NJ SPEX SamplePrep 8000D Mixer/Mill, Metuchen, NJ d. Taxonomy and Systematics: Method 1: not applicable Method 2: not applicable Method 3: not applicable e. Speclies List: f. Permit History: Method 1: not applicable Method 2: not applicable Method 3: not applicable 4. Project Personnel a. Personnel: 1: Lori Sutter 2: Deepak Mishra 3: Mary Butler Fleming 4: Rajneesh Sharma b. Affiliations: 1: University of North Carolina - Wilmington 2: University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 3: University of North Carolina - Wilmington 4: University of Georgia III. Data Set Status and Accessibility A. Status 1. Latest Update: 20-Jun-2025 2. Latest Archive Date: 20-Jun-2025 3. Latest Metadata Update: 20-Jun-2025 4. Data Verification Status: New Submission B. Accessibility 1. Storage Location and Medium: Stored at GCE-LTER Data Management Office Dept. of Marine Sciences Univ. of Georgia Athens, GA 30602-3636 USA on media: electronic data download (WWW) or compact disk 2. Contact Person: Name: Adam Sapp Address: Department of Marine Sciences University of Georgia Athens, Georgia 30602 Country: USA Email: asapp@uga.edu 3. Copyright Restrictions: not copyrighted 4. Restrictions: This information is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The consumer of these data ("Data User" herein) has an ethical obligation to cite it appropriately in any publication that results from its use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or co-authorship with the authors. The Data User should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available "as is." The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. a. Release Date: Affiliates: Jun 16, 2026, Public: Jun 16, 2027 b. Citation: Data provided by the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems Long Term Ecological Research Project, supported by funds from NSF OCE 1832178 (data set MSH-GCEL-2506) c. Disclaimer: The user assumes all responsibility for errors in judgement based on interpretation of data and analyses presented in this data set. 5. Costs: free electronic data download via WWW, distribution on CD may be subject to nominal processing and handling fee IV. Data Structural Descriptors A. Data Set File 1. File Name: MSH-GCEL-2506_1_0.CSV 2. Size: 495 records 3. File Format: ASCII text (comma-separated value format) 3a. Delimiters: single comma 4. Header Information: 5 lines of ASCII text 5. Alphanumeric Attributes: 6. Quality Control Flag Codes: Q = questionable value, I = invalid value, E = estimated value 7. Authentication Procedures: 8. Calculations: 9. Processing History: Software version: GCE Data Toolbox Version 3.9.10 (23-May-2022) Data structure version: GCE Data Structure 1.1 (29-Mar-2001) Original data file processed: MSH-GCEL-2506.txt (495 records) Data processing history: 20-Jun-2025: new GCE Data Structure 1.1 created ('newstruct') 20-Jun-2025: 495 rows imported from ASCII data file 'MSH-GCEL-2506.txt' ('imp_ascii') 20-Jun-2025: 13 metadata fields in file header parsed ('parse_header') 20-Jun-2025: data structure validated ('gce_valid') 20-Jun-2025: updated 1 metadata fields in the Dataset section(s) ('addmeta') 20-Jun-2025: imported Dataset, Project, Site, Study, Status, Supplement metadata descriptors from the GCE Metabase ('imp_gcemetadata') 20-Jun-2025: updated 57 metadata fields in the Dataset, Project, Site, Status, Study, Supplement section(s) ('addmeta') 20-Jun-2025: updated 1 metadata fields in the Dataset section(s) ('addmeta') 20-Jun-2025: imported Dataset, Project, Site, Study, Status, Supplement metadata descriptors from the GCE Metabase ('imp_gcemetadata') 20-Jun-2025: updated 57 metadata fields in the Dataset, Project, Site, Status, Study, Supplement section(s) ('addmeta') 20-Jun-2025: updated 6 metadata fields in the Data section(s) ('addmeta') 20-Jun-2025: updated 15 metadata fields in the Status, Data sections to reflect attribute metadata ('updatecols') 20-Jun-2025: parsed and formatted metadata ('listmeta') B. Variable Information 1. Variable Name: column 1. Site column 2. Marsh column 3. Core column 4. Elevation column 5. Distance column 6. SampleID column 7. Depth column 8. Moisture_Percent column 9. LOI column 10. BD column 11. Clay_Percent column 12. Silt_Percent column 13. VFS_Percent column 14. FS_Percent column 15. MS_Percent column 16. CS_Percent column 17. VCS_Percent column 18. Sand_Percent column 19. Nitrogent_Percent column 20. Carbon_Percent 2. Variable Definition: column 1. Geographical designation column 2. Marsh name column 3. Replicate Number column 4. Surface elevation at core location column 5. Distance from core to nearest creek bank column 6. Sample identifier column 7. Refers to the bottom of the sample depth (eg 0-5 is -5cm) column 8. Percent moisture, correction factor column 9. Loss on ignition calculated organic matter percent column 10. Bulk density column 11. Percent clay column 12. Percent silt column 13. Percent very fine sand column 14. Percent fine sand column 15. Percent medium sand column 16. Percent course sand column 17. Percent very course sand column 18. Percent sand (sum of all bins) column 19. Nitrogen percent column 20. Carbon percent 3. Units of Measurement: column 1. none column 2. none column 3. none column 4. m column 5. m column 6. none column 7. cm column 8. percent column 9. percent column 10. g/cm3 column 11. percent column 12. percent column 13. percent column 14. percent column 15. percent column 16. percent column 17. percent column 18. percent column 19. percent column 20. percent 4. Data Type a. Storage Type: column 1. string column 2. string column 3. string column 4. floating-point column 5. floating-point column 6. string column 7. floating-point column 8. floating-point column 9. floating-point column 10. floating-point column 11. floating-point column 12. floating-point column 13. floating-point column 14. floating-point column 15. floating-point column 16. floating-point column 17. floating-point column 18. floating-point column 19. floating-point column 20. floating-point b. Variable Codes: Marsh: AM = Airport Marsh, DC = Dean Creek, FT = Flux Tower, DM = Demeries Creek, SN = South Newport c. Numeric Range: column 1. (none) column 2. (none) column 3. (none) column 4. 0.40698 to 1.0526 column 5. 11.31 to 314.47 column 6. (none) column 7. -167 to -5 column 8. 0.00023055 to 0.099882 column 9. 0.19357 to 28.092 column 10. 0.14968 to 1.31 column 11. 0.77728 to 18.8603 column 12. 4.6647 to 84.8022 column 13. 0.085233 to 22.5934 column 14. 0 to 52.724 column 15. 0 to 15.3652 column 16. 0 to 26.497 column 17. 0 to 84.2701 column 18. 0 to 94.558 column 19. 0.0052524 to 0.49103 column 20. 0.083777 to 8.7739 d. Missing Value Code: 5. Data Format a. Column Type: column 1. text column 2. text column 3. text column 4. numerical column 5. numerical column 6. text column 7. numerical column 8. numerical column 9. numerical column 10. numerical column 11. numerical column 12. numerical column 13. numerical column 14. numerical column 15. numerical column 16. numerical column 17. numerical column 18. numerical column 19. numerical column 20. numerical b. Number of Columns: 20 c. Decimal Places: column 1. 0 column 2. 0 column 3. 0 column 4. 9 column 5. 2 column 6. 0 column 7. 2 column 8. 3 column 9. 3 column 10. 3 column 11. 3 column 12. 3 column 13. 3 column 14. 3 column 15. 3 column 16. 3 column 17. 3 column 18. 3 column 19. 3 column 20. 3 6. Logical Variable Type: column 1. free text (none) column 2. free text (none) column 3. free text (none) column 4. data (continuous) column 5. data (continuous) column 6. free text (none) column 7. data (continuous) column 8. data (continuous) column 9. data (continuous) column 10. data (continuous) column 11. data (continuous) column 12. data (continuous) column 13. data (continuous) column 14. data (continuous) column 15. data (continuous) column 16. data (continuous) column 17. data (continuous) column 18. data (continuous) column 19. data (continuous) column 20. data (continuous) 7. Flagging Criteria: column 1. none column 2. none column 3. none column 4. none column 5. none column 6. none column 7. none column 8. none column 9. none column 10. none column 11. none column 12. none column 13. none column 14. none column 15. none column 16. none column 17. none column 18. none column 19. none column 20. none C. Data Anomalies: V. Supplemental Descriptors A. Data Acquisition 1. Data Forms: 2. Form Location: 3. Data Entry Validation: B. Quality Assurance/Quality Control Procedures: C. Supplemental Materials: D. Computer Programs: E. Archival Practices: F. Publications: not specified G. History of Data Set Usage 1. Data Request History: not specified 2. Data Set Update History: none 3. Review History: none 4. Questions and Comments from Users: none