I. Data Set Descriptors A. Title: Robert E. Hodson. 2003. December 2002 surface water phytoplankton productivity for 10 Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER sampling sites. Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Data Catalog (data set PHP-GCEM-0302e; http://gce-lter.marsci.uga.edu/public/app/dataset_details.asp?accession=PHP-GCEM-0302e) B. Accession Number: PHP-GCEM-0302e C. Description 1. Originator(s): Name: Robert E. Hodson Address: Dept. of Marine Sciences University of Georgia Athens, Georgia 30602-3636 Country: USA Email: rhodson@uga.edu 2. Abstract: Water samples were collected by Niskin bottle or by hand from just beneath the surface during low tide surveys at or near 10 GCE-LTER sampling sites in December 2002. The incorporation of radiolabelled bicarbonate in response to varying levels of illumination was measured using a photosynthetron apparatus. Photosynthesis-irradiance (P-I) curves constructed from these measurements will be used in conjunction with algal biomass and PAR versus depth measurements to estimate instantaneous gross primary production in the water at each GCE sampling site. This study was part of the GCE-LTER hydrographic monitoring program, and will be repeated quarterly. 3. Study Type: Monitoring 4. Study Themes: Phytoplankton Productivity 5. LTER Core Areas: Primary Production 6. Georeferences: geographic coordinates as data columns 7. Submission Date: Feb 25, 2003 D. Keywords: algae, bicarbonate, carbon, light, photosynthesis, photosynthetically active radiation, phytoplankton, Primary Production, productivity, water column II. Research Origin Descriptors A. Overall Project Description 1. Project Title: Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Project 2. Principal Investigators: Name: James T. Hollibaugh Address: Dept. of Marine Sciences University of Georgia Athens, Georgia 30602-3636 Country: USA Email: aquadoc@uga.edu 3. Funding Period: May 01, 2000 to May 01, 2006 4. Objectives: To investigate the linkages between coastal and distant upland areas in central Georgia mediated by surface and ground water delivery to the coastal zone. This will be addressed by examining the relationship between variability in environmental factors driven by river flow, primarily salinity, and ecosystem processes and structure. 5. Abstract: We propose to establish a Long Term Ecological Research site on the central Georgia coast in the vicinity of Sapelo Island. This is a barrier island and marsh complex with the Altamaha River, one of the largest and least developed rivers on the east coast of the US, as the primary source of fresh water. The proposed study would investigate the linkages between local and distant upland areas mediated by water - surface water and ground water - delivery to the coastal zone. We would explicitly examine the relationship between variability in environmental factors driven by river flow, primarily salinity because we can measure it at high frequency, and ecosystem processes and structure. We will accomplish this by comparing estuary/marsh complexes separated from the Altamaha River by one or two lagoonal estuary/marsh complexes that damp and attenuate the river signal. This spatial gradient is analogous to the temporal trend in riverine influence expected as a result of development in the watershed. We will implement a monitoring system that documents physical and biological variables and use the time trends and spatial distributions of these variables and of their variance structure to address questions about the factors controlling distributions, trophic structure, diversity, and biogeochemistry. An existing GIS-based hydrologic model will be modified to incorporate changes in river water resulting from changes in land use patterns that can be expected as the watershed develops. This model will be linked to ecosystem models and will serve as an heuristic and management tool. Another consequence of coastal development is that as river flow decreases, groundwater flow increases and becomes nutrified. We will compare the effects of ground water discharge from the surficial aquifer in relatively pristine (Sapelo Island) versus more urbanized (mainland) sites to assess the relative importance of fresh water versus nutrients to productivity, structure and biomass turnover rate in marshes influenced by groundwater. We will also investigate the effect of marine processes (tides, storm surge) on mixing across the fresh/salt interface in the surficial aquifer. Additional physical studies will relate the morphology of salt marsh - tidal creek channel complexes to tidal current distributions and exchange. These findings will be incorporated into a physical model that will be coupled to an existing ecosystem model. The land/ocean margin ecosystem lies at the interface between two ecosystems in which distinctly different groups of decomposers control organic matter degradation. The terrestrial ecosystem is largely dominated by fungal decomposers, while bacterial decomposers dominate the marine ecosystem. Both groups are important in salt marsh-dominated ecosystems. Specific studies will examine, at the level of individual cells and hyphae, the relationship bacteria and fungi in the consortia that decompose standing dead Spartina and other marsh plants and examine how, or if, this changes along the salinity gradient. 6. Funding Source: NSF OCE 9982133 B. Sub-project Description 1. Site Description a. Geographic Location: GCE1 -- Eulonia, Georgia, USA GCE2 -- Four Mile Island, Georgia, USA GCE3 -- North Sapelo, Sapelo Island, Georgia, USA GCE4 -- Meridian, Georgia, USA GCE5 -- Folly River, Georgia, USA GCE6 -- Dean Creek, Sapelo Island, Georgia, USA GCE7 -- Carrs Island, Georgia, USA GCE8 -- Alligator Creek, Georgia, USA GCE9 -- Rockdedundy Island, Georgia, USA GCE10 -- Hunt Camp, Sapelo Island, Georgia, USA GCE-SP -- Sapelo River, Georgia, USA GCE-DB -- Doboy Sound, Georgia, USA GCE-AL -- Altamaha River, Georgia, USA GCE-DP -- Duplin River, Georgia, USA AL+02 -- AL+02 AL+14 -- AL+14 AL+24 -- AL+24 DB+00 -- DB+00 DB+04 -- DB+04 DB+08 -- DB+08 DB+12.6 -- DB+12.6 DUP5 -- Duplin River station 5 (Hunt Camp) SP+03 -- SP+03 SP+12 -- SP+12 SP+36 -- SP+36 Coordinates: GCE1 -- NW: 081 25 42.53 W, 31 32 48.30 N NE: 081 24 38.64 W, 31 32 48.30 N SE: 081 24 38.64 W, 31 32 02.27 N SW: 081 25 42.53 W, 31 32 02.27 N GCE2 -- NW: 081 19 08.26 W, 31 33 09.19 N NE: 081 17 34.24 W, 31 33 09.19 N SE: 081 17 34.24 W, 31 32 00.97 N SW: 081 19 08.26 W, 31 32 00.97 N GCE3 -- NW: 081 13 59.70 W, 31 32 48.72 N NE: 081 11 44.38 W, 31 32 48.72 N SE: 081 11 44.38 W, 31 30 54.68 N SW: 081 13 59.70 W, 31 30 54.68 N GCE4 -- NW: 081 22 14.71 W, 31 27 48.72 N NE: 081 21 26.12 W, 31 27 48.72 N SE: 081 21 26.12 W, 31 26 54.31 N SW: 081 22 14.71 W, 31 26 54.31 N GCE5 -- NW: 081 21 15.89 W, 31 26 33.14 N NE: 081 19 37.92 W, 31 26 33.14 N SE: 081 19 37.92 W, 31 25 03.50 N SW: 081 21 15.89 W, 31 25 03.50 N GCE6 -- NW: 081 17 58.28 W, 31 23 38.66 N NE: 081 15 51.76 W, 31 23 38.66 N SE: 081 15 51.76 W, 31 22 15.61 N SW: 081 17 58.28 W, 31 22 15.61 N GCE7 -- NW: 081 29 36.59 W, 31 20 55.59 N NE: 081 28 33.24 W, 31 20 55.59 N SE: 081 28 33.24 W, 31 20 03.71 N SW: 081 29 36.59 W, 31 20 03.71 N GCE8 -- NW: 081 25 34.58 W, 31 19 04.11 N NE: 081 24 38.28 W, 31 19 04.11 N SE: 081 24 38.28 W, 31 18 14.63 N SW: 081 25 34.58 W, 31 18 14.63 N GCE9 -- NW: 081 20 48.23 W, 31 21 29.31 N NE: 081 19 35.38 W, 31 21 29.31 N SE: 081 19 35.38 W, 31 20 21.02 N SW: 081 20 48.23 W, 31 20 21.02 N GCE10 -- NW: 081 17 43.82 W, 31 29 49.29 N NE: 081 15 32.07 W, 31 29 49.29 N SE: 081 15 32.07 W, 31 27 44.35 N SW: 081 17 43.82 W, 31 27 44.35 N GCE-SP -- NW: 081 25 55.13 W, 31 33 34.66 N NE: 081 09 14.84 W, 31 33 34.66 N SE: 081 09 14.84 W, 31 30 59.89 N SW: 081 25 55.13 W, 31 30 59.89 N GCE-DB -- NW: 081 22 05.66 W, 31 27 20.39 N NE: 081 14 34.64 W, 31 27 20.39 N SE: 081 14 34.64 W, 31 20 27.39 N SW: 081 22 05.66 W, 31 20 27.39 N GCE-AL -- NW: 081 34 56.32 W, 31 24 05.05 N NE: 081 14 16.57 W, 31 24 05.05 N SE: 081 14 16.57 W, 31 17 45.72 N SW: 081 34 56.32 W, 31 17 45.72 N GCE-DP -- NW: 081 18 07.15 W, 31 29 11.37 N NE: 081 15 47.25 W, 31 29 11.37 N SE: 081 15 47.25 W, 31 24 39.08 N SW: 081 18 07.15 W, 31 24 39.08 N AL+02 -- 081 18 24.0 W, 31 19 15.0 N AL+14 -- 081 24 54.0 W, 31 18 24.0 N AL+24 -- 081 28 30.0 W, 31 20 12.0 N DB+00 -- 081 16 54.2 W, 31 22 34.9 N DB+04 -- 081 18 19.6 W, 31 24 11.8 N DB+08 -- 081 19 46.4 W, 31 25 56.6 N DB+12.6 -- 081 21 42.5 W, 31 27 12.4 N DUP5 -- 081 16 25.0 W, 31 28 46.0 N SP+03 -- 081 12 28.3 W, 31 32 33.5 N SP+12 -- 081 17 57.6 W, 31 32 03.8 N SP+36 -- 081 25 24.6 W, 31 32 12.9 N b. Physiographic Region: GCE1 -- Lower coastal plain GCE2 -- Barrier island GCE3 -- Barrier island GCE4 -- Lower coastal plain GCE5 -- Barrier island GCE6 -- Barrier island GCE7 -- Lower coastal plain GCE8 -- Lower coastal plain GCE9 -- Barrier island GCE10 -- Barrier island GCE-SP -- Estuary and tidal marsh GCE-DB -- Estuary and tidal marsh GCE-AL -- Estuary and tidal marsh GCE-DP -- Myxohaline tidal creek and marsh AL+02 -- Estuary and tidal marsh AL+14 -- Estuary and tidal marsh AL+24 -- Estuary and tidal marsh DB+00 -- Estuary and tidal marsh DB+04 -- Estuary and tidal marsh DB+08 -- Estuary and tidal marsh DB+12.6 -- Estuary and tidal marsh DUP5 -- Myxohaline tidal creek and marsh SP+03 -- Estuary and tidal marsh SP+12 -- Estuary and tidal marsh SP+36 -- Estuary and tidal marsh c. Landform Components: GCE1 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE2 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE3 -- Intertidal salt marsh, mud flat, and maritime forest GCE4 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE5 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE6 -- Intertidal salt marsh, sand beach, maritime forest GCE7 -- Freshwater tidal marsh, devegetated fields GCE8 -- Brackish tidal marsh GCE9 -- Intertidal salt marsh GCE10 -- Intertidal salt marsh bordering maritime forest GCE-SP -- Intertidal marsh bordering sounds, tidal channels and creeks GCE-DB -- Intertidal marsh bordering sounds, tidal channels and creeks GCE-AL -- Intertidal marsh bordering sounds, tidal channels and creeks GCE-DP -- Intertidal marsh bordering tidal channels and creeks AL+02 -- Intertidal marsh bordering sounds, tidal channels and creeks AL+14 -- Intertidal marsh bordering sounds, tidal channels and creeks AL+24 -- Intertidal marsh bordering sounds, tidal channels and creeks DB+00 -- Intertidal marsh bordering sounds, tidal channels and creeks DB+04 -- Intertidal marsh bordering sounds, tidal channels and creeks DB+08 -- Intertidal marsh bordering sounds, tidal channels and creeks DB+12.6 -- Intertidal marsh bordering sounds, tidal channels and creeks DUP5 -- Intertidal marsh bordering tidal channels and creeks SP+03 -- Intertidal marsh bordering sounds, tidal channels and creeks SP+12 -- Intertidal marsh bordering sounds, tidal channels and creeks SP+36 -- Intertidal marsh bordering sounds, tidal channels and creeks d. Hydrographic Characteristics: GCE1 -- Site contains the upper reaches of the Sapelo River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE2 -- Site contains the Sapelo River and associated tidal creeks, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE3 -- Site includes Sapelo Sound and portions of Blackbeard Creek, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE4 -- Site includes Hudson Creek and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE5 -- Site contains the Folly River and borders Doboy Sound, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE6 -- Site contains Dean Creek and borders Doboy Sound, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE7 -- Site contains Hammersmith Creek and borders the South Champney River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE8 -- Site contains the Altamaha River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE9 -- Site contains Crooked Creek and borders the Little Mud River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE10 -- Site borders the Mud River and contains tidal creeks and the upper reach of the Duplin River, and is subject to 2-3m semi-diurnal tides GCE-SP -- Site includes the Sapelo River and Sapelo Sound, and is subject to 2-3.4m semi-diurnal tides. Sapelo Sound is a lagunal estuary system, with minimal freshwater stream or river input. GCE-DB -- Site encompasses Doboy Sound and nearby tidal channels and creeks, and is subject to 2-3.4m semi-diurnal tides. GCE-AL -- Site encompasses the Altamaha River estuary and nearby tidal creeks, and is subject to 2-3.4m semi-diurnal tides. High freshwater input from the Altamaha River, one of the largest rivers in the Southeastern United States. GCE-DP -- Site includes the Duplin River and various smaller tidal creeks and channels AL+02 -- Site encompasses the Altamaha River estuary and nearby tidal creeks, and is subject to 2-3.4m semi-diurnal tides. High freshwater input from the Altamaha River, one of the largest rivers in the Southeastern United States. AL+14 -- Site encompasses the Altamaha River estuary and nearby tidal creeks, and is subject to 2-3.4m semi-diurnal tides. High freshwater input from the Altamaha River, one of the largest rivers in the Southeastern United States. AL+24 -- Site encompasses the Altamaha River estuary and nearby tidal creeks, and is subject to 2-3.4m semi-diurnal tides. High freshwater input from the Altamaha River, one of the largest rivers in the Southeastern United States. DB+00 -- Site encompasses Doboy Sound and nearby tidal channels and creeks, and is subject to 2-3.4m semi-diurnal tides. DB+04 -- Site encompasses Doboy Sound and nearby tidal channels and creeks, and is subject to 2-3.4m semi-diurnal tides. DB+08 -- Site encompasses Doboy Sound and nearby tidal channels and creeks, and is subject to 2-3.4m semi-diurnal tides. DB+12.6 -- Site encompasses Doboy Sound and nearby tidal channels and creeks, and is subject to 2-3.4m semi-diurnal tides. DUP5 -- Site includes the Duplin River and various smaller tidal creeks and channels SP+03 -- Site includes the Sapelo River and Sapelo Sound, and is subject to 2-3.4m semi-diurnal tides. Sapelo Sound is a lagunal estuary system, with minimal freshwater stream or river input. SP+12 -- Site includes the Sapelo River and Sapelo Sound, and is subject to 2-3.4m semi-diurnal tides. Sapelo Sound is a lagunal estuary system, with minimal freshwater stream or river input. SP+36 -- Site includes the Sapelo River and Sapelo Sound, and is subject to 2-3.4m semi-diurnal tides. Sapelo Sound is a lagunal estuary system, with minimal freshwater stream or river input. e. Topographic Attributes: GCE1 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE2 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE3 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE4 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE5 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE6 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE7 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE8 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE9 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE10 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3m above mean low tide GCE-SP -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3.4m above mean low tide GCE-DB -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3.4m above mean low tide GCE-AL -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3.4m above mean low tide GCE-DP -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3.4m above mean low tide AL+02 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3.4m above mean low tide AL+14 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3.4m above mean low tide AL+24 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3.4m above mean low tide DB+00 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3.4m above mean low tide DB+04 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3.4m above mean low tide DB+08 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3.4m above mean low tide DB+12.6 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3.4m above mean low tide DUP5 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3.4m above mean low tide SP+03 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3.4m above mean low tide SP+12 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3.4m above mean low tide SP+36 -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3.4m above mean low tide f. Geology, Lithology and Soils: GCE1 -- unspecified GCE2 -- unspecified GCE3 -- unspecified GCE4 -- unspecified GCE5 -- unspecified GCE6 -- unspecified GCE7 -- unspecified GCE8 -- unspecified GCE9 -- unspecified GCE10 -- unspecified GCE-SP -- unspecified GCE-DB -- unspecified GCE-AL -- unspecified GCE-DP -- unspecified AL+02 -- unspecified AL+14 -- unspecified AL+24 -- unspecified DB+00 -- unspecified DB+04 -- unspecified DB+08 -- unspecified DB+12.6 -- unspecified DUP5 -- unspecified SP+03 -- unspecified SP+12 -- unspecified SP+36 -- unspecified g. Vegetation Communities: GCE1 -- Vegetation is 3/4 Juncus and 1/4 Spartina alterniflora, and upland area is heavily forested. GCE2 -- Spartina alterniflora all tall or medium. GCE3 -- Short and tall Spartina alterniflora, very small amounts of Juncus. GCE4 -- Vegetation is 1/4 Juncus, 3/4 medium and tall Spartina alterniflora. GCE5 -- Dominated by short and medium Spartina alterniflora, with areas of taller S. alterniflora near several small creeks. GCE6 -- Vegetation is mostly short and tall Spartina alterniflora, with small amounts of Juncus and Borrichia. GCE7 -- dominated by Zizaniopsis GCE8 -- Fringe of tall Spartina alterniflora and S. cynosuroides at creek banks. High marsh has narrow band of medium height S. alterniflora backed by vast expanses of Juncus. GCE9 -- Low marsh is tall Spartina alterniflora, high marsh has a small amount of medium Spartina alterniflora and lots of Juncus. Some hammocks with upland vegetation. GCE10 -- Vegetation mostly tall and medium Spartina alterniflora, with some Juncus present. Upland heavily forested. GCE-SP -- unspecified GCE-DB -- unspecified GCE-AL -- unspecified GCE-DP -- unspecified AL+02 -- unspecified AL+14 -- unspecified AL+24 -- unspecified DB+00 -- unspecified DB+04 -- unspecified DB+08 -- unspecified DB+12.6 -- unspecified DUP5 -- unspecified SP+03 -- unspecified SP+12 -- unspecified SP+36 -- unspecified h. History of Land Use and Disturbance: none recorded i. Climate: Climate summary for Sapelo Island, Georgia, based on NWS data from 1980-2010: Daily-aggregated Values: Mean (sample standard deviation) mean air temperature: 20.09°C (7.28°C) minimum air temperature: 15.02°C (7.96°C) maximum air temperature: 24.82°C (6.98°C) total precipitation: 3.26mm (10.3mm) Yearly-aggregated Daily Values: Mean (sample standard deviation) total precipitation (1980-2010): 1124mm (266mm) 2. Experimental or Sampling Design a. Design Characteristics: Unfiltered water samples were collected under low tidal conditions at or near 10 GCE-LTER sampling sites to measure photosynthetic activity (i.e. 14C-bicarbonate uptake) in response to varying levels of light in a photosynthetron apparatus. b. Permanent Plots: none c. Data Collection Duration and Frequency: Water samples were collected during low tide conditions at fixed locations in areas designated as long-term monitoring sites by the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER project. Each location was sampled once during the cruise. Beginning of Observations: Dec 10, 2002 End of Observations: Dec 13, 2002 3. Research Methods a. Field and Laboratory Methods: Method 1: Water Collection -- Water samples from the R/V Savannah were collected approximately 1 meter below the surface using a niskin bottle. The water sample was then transferred to Brown 1 L Nalgene bottles. Bottles were first rinced once with approximately 100 ml of sample water prior to filling. Surface samples collected from the R/V Salty Dawg and Carolina Skiff were collected by hand approximately 0.5 meters below the surface of the water using a Brown 1 L Nalgene bottle once rinsed with sample water. Method 2: Operating the Photosynthetron -- The intensity of photosynthetically-available radation (PAR) at each vial position was checked with a light meter before and after each day's run. Prior to each sample incubation the temperature of the circulating water batch was set to the ambient site temperature and the cooling fan and light bulbs were checked for problems. Method 3: Photosynthesis Assay -- 35 ml of unfiltered sample was placed in a 50 ml polycarbonate centrifuge tube and spiked with 50 µl of 14C bicarbonate (58 mCi/mmol; ICN Biomedical; Catalog #17441H) using a Hamilton syringe. The tube was then capped and the sample mixed by inverting the tube gently several times. The spiked sample was poured into a 100 ml borosilicate beaker and drawn up in a 50 ml Eppendorf repeating pipettor, and 1 ml was dispensed into each of 24 sample vials (7 ml borosilicate glass scintillation vials) and 3 total count vials (7 ml scintillation vials containing 200 µl Phenylethylamine; Sigma Chemical Catalog #P6251). The total count vials were capped and refrigerated, and the sample vials were capped and placed into corresponding positions of the Photosynthetron. The Photosynthetron was then turned on the the samples were incubated for 1 hr. After incubation samples were uncapped, killed with 200 µl 6N HCl, shaken for at least 2 hr to drive off unincorporated bicarbonate, and then capped for transport to the laboratory in Athens, Georgia. After transport, liquid scintillation cocktail (Bio-Safe II, Research Products International) was added to each total count and sample vial, and the activity of 14C measured in a liquid scintillation counter (Beckman LS6500) for 5 minutes using a single-labeled 14C program. b. Instrumentation: Method 1: none Method 2: Photosynthetron Manufacturer: CHPT (Composite High Pressure Technology) (Model: Custom design by Hugh MacIntyre, Horn Point Laboratory, PO Box 775, Cambridge, MD 21613) Quantum Scalar Irradiance Meter Manufacturer: Biospherical Instruments Inc. (Model: QSL 101 A1) Parameter: PAR (photosynthetically-available radiation) Method 3: Liquid Scintillation Counter Manufacturer: Beckman (Model: LS 6500) Parameter: DPM (disintegrations per minute) c. Taxonomy and Systematics: Method 1: none Method 2: none Method 3: none d. Permit History: Method 1: none Method 2: none Method 3: none 4. Project Personnel a. Personnel: 1: Robert E. Hodson 2: Xiaozhen Mou 3: Edward Sheppard b. Affiliations: 1: University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 2: University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 3: University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia III. Data Set Status and Accessibility A. Status 1. Latest Update: 20-Jun-2013 2. Latest Archive Date: 18-Nov-2011 3. Latest Metadata Update: 20-Jun-2013 4. Data Verification Status: Reviewed by GCE-LTER IM B. Accessibility 1. Storage Location and Medium: Stored at GCE-LTER Data Management Office Dept. of Marine Sciences Univ. of Georgia Athens, GA 30602-3636 USA on media: electronic data download (WWW) or compact disk 2. Contact Person: Name: Wade M. Sheldon, Jr. Address: Dept. of Marine Sciences University of Georgia Athens, Georgia 30602-3636 Country: USA Email: sheldon@uga.edu 3. Copyright Restrictions: not copyrighted 4. Restrictions: All publications based on this data set must cite the contributor and Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER project, and two copies of the manuscript must be submitted to the GCE-LTER Information Management Office. a. Release Date: Affiliates: Feb 25, 2003, Public: Feb 25, 2004 b. Citation: Data provided by the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems Long Term Ecological Research Project, supported by funds from NSF OCE 9982133 (data set PHP-GCEM-0302e) c. Disclaimer: The user assumes all responsibility for errors in judgement based on interpretation of data and analyses presented in this data set. 5. Costs: free electronic data download via WWW, distribution on CD may be subject to nominal processing and handling fee IV. Data Structural Descriptors A. Data Set File 1. File Name: PHP-GCEM-0302e_4_0.CSV 2. Size: 336 records 3. File Format: ASCII text (comma-separated value format) 3a. Delimiters: single comma 4. Header Information: 5 lines of ASCII text 5. Alphanumeric Attributes: Mixed case 6. Quality Control Flag Codes: I = invalid value (out of range), Q = questionable value 7. Authentication Procedures: not specified 8. Calculations: PAR_Intensity: PAR_Intensity(µE/m^2/s) = PAR_Intensity(Quanta/cm^2/s) / 6.02E+17 Quanta/µE * 10000 cm^2/m^2 CO3_Incorporated: CO3_Incorporated(mmol) = DPM_Incorporated(DPM) / (2.22E+9 DPM/mCi * 58 mCi/mmol * 1E-6 mmol/pmol) 9. Processing History: Software version: GCE Data Toolbox Version 3.6.0 (05-Jun-2013) Data structure version: GCE Data Structure 1.1 (29-Mar-2001) Original data file processed: PHP-GCEM-0302e.TXT (336 records) Data processing history: 21-May-2003: new GCE Data Structure 1.1 created ('newstruct') 21-May-2003: 336 rows imported from ASCII data file 'PHP-GCEM-0302e.TXT' ('imp_ascii') 21-May-2003: 10 metadata fields in file header parsed ('parse_header') 21-May-2003: data structure validated ('gce_valid') 21-May-2003: Q/C flagging criteria applied, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 21-May-2003: imported Data, Dataset, Project, Site, Study, Status, Supplement metadata descriptors from the GCE Metabase ('imp_gcemetadata') 21-May-2003: Q/C flagging criteria applied, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 21-May-2003: manually edited data set metadata ('ui_editmetadata') 30-Oct-2003: imported Data, Dataset, Project, Site, Study, Status, Supplement metadata descriptors from the GCE Metabase ('imp_gcemetadata') 30-Oct-2003: Q/C flagging criteria applied, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 08-Nov-2005: imported Dataset, Project, Site, Study, Status, Supplement metadata descriptors from the GCE Metabase ('imp_gcemetadata') 08-Nov-2005: updated 66 metadata fields in the Data, Dataset, Project, Site, Status, Study, Supplement sections ('imp_gcemetadata') 30-Nov-2005: deleted column CO3_Incorporated from the structure ('deletecols') 06-Dec-2005: added cruise ID column Cruise at position 1 based on date information in the data set 15-Nov-2011: imported Dataset, Project, Site, Study, Status, Supplement metadata descriptors from the GCE Metabase ('imp_gcemetadata') 15-Nov-2011: updated 57 metadata fields in the Dataset, Project, Site, Status, Study, Supplement sections ('imp_gcemetadata') 17-Nov-2011: matched 264 out of 336 geographic coordinates in columns Latitude and Longitude to coordinates for registered locations in the file 'geo_locations.mat' within a distance tolerance of 1km (add_locations) 17-Nov-2011: added column 'Station' at position 6 ('addcol') 17-Nov-2011: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Station, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 17-Nov-2011: added geographic metadata based on matching values in columns Site and Station to site and transect names registered in 'geo_polygons.mat' and location and station names registered in 'geo_locations.mat' ('add_sitemetadata') 17-Nov-2011: updated 9 metadata fields in the Site, Status sections ('add_sitemetadata') 18-Nov-2011: imported Dataset, Project, Site, Study, Status, Supplement metadata descriptors from the GCE Metabase ('imp_gcemetadata') 18-Nov-2011: updated 57 metadata fields in the Dataset, Project, Site, Status, Study, Supplement sections ('imp_gcemetadata') 20-Jun-2013: converted dates in column(s) Date to format yyyy-mm-dd 20-Jun-2013: flags for columns Temperature, Salinity, PAR_Intensity, DPM_Added and DPM_Incorporated converted to data columns, flag codes updated in metadata ('flags2cols') 20-Jun-2013: updated 6 metadata fields in the Data sections ('addmeta') 20-Jun-2013: updated 15 metadata fields in the Status, Data sections to reflect attribute metadata ('updatecols') 20-Jun-2013: parsed and formatted metadata ('listmeta') B. Variable Information 1. Variable Name: column 1. Cruise column 2. Date column 3. Time column 4. Latitude column 5. Longitude column 6. Station column 7. Site column 8. Vessel column 9. CTD_Cast column 10. Depth_Sampled column 11. Temperature column 12. Flag_Temperature column 13. Salinity column 14. Flag_Salinity column 15. Position column 16. PAR_Intensity column 17. Flag_PAR_Intensity column 18. DPM_Added column 19. Flag_DPM_Added column 20. DPM_Incorporated column 21. Flag_DPM_Incorporated 2. Variable Definition: column 1. GCE-LTER research cruise identifier (LTER[MM][YY]) column 2. Sample collection date column 3. Sample collection time (GMT) column 4. Geographic latitude of sampling location` column 5. Geographic longitude of sampling location column 6. Nearest nominal GCE-LTER CTD profiling station (1km geo-reference tolerance for station matching) column 7. Nearest GCE-LTER sampling site number column 8. Vessel used to obtain the sample column 9. Corresponding CTD cast column 10. Nominal sampling depth column 11. Water temperature at the sampling location column 12. QA/QC flags for Water temperature at the sampling location (flagging criteria, where "x" is Temperature: x<-2="I", x<10="Q", x>35="Q") column 13. Salinity at the sampling location column 14. QA/QC flags for Salinity at the sampling location (flagging criteria, where "x" is Salinity: x<0="I", x<0="Q", x>36="Q") column 15. Position of the tube in the Photosynthetron column 16. Light intensity at the photosynthetron position column 17. QA/QC flags for Light intensity at the photosynthetron position (flagging criteria, where "x" is PAR_Intensity: x<0="I", x<0="Q", x>1330="Q", x>16600="I") column 18. Amount/activity of 14C added to the tube (mean of 3 replicate measurements) column 19. QA/QC flags for Amount/activity of 14C added to the tube (mean of 3 replicate measurements) (flagging criteria, where "x" is DPM_Added: x<0="I", x<3.5e+006="Q", x>5.5e+006="Q") column 20. Amount/activity of 14C incorporated during 1 hour incubation column 21. QA/QC flags for Amount/activity of 14C incorporated during 1 hour incubation (flagging criteria, where "x" is DPM_Incorporated: x<0="I", x<250="Q", x>5.5e+006="Q", DPM_Incorporated>DPM_Added="I") 3. Units of Measurement: column 1. none column 2. yyyy-mm-dd column 3. hh:mm GMT column 4. degrees column 5. degrees column 6. none column 7. none column 8. none column 9. none column 10. none column 11. °C column 12. none column 13. PSU column 14. none column 15. none column 16. µE/m^2/s column 17. none column 18. DPM column 19. none column 20. DPM column 21. none 4. Data Type a. Storage Type: column 1. alphanumeric column 2. alphanumeric column 3. alphanumeric column 4. floating-point column 5. floating-point column 6. alphanumeric column 7. integer column 8. alphanumeric column 9. alphanumeric column 10. alphanumeric column 11. floating-point column 12. alphanumeric column 13. floating-point column 14. alphanumeric column 15. integer column 16. floating-point column 17. alphanumeric column 18. floating-point column 19. alphanumeric column 20. floating-point column 21. alphanumeric b. Variable Codes: Site: 1 = GCE1, 2 = GCE2, 3 = GCE3, 4 = GCE4, 5 = GCE5, 6 = GCE6, 7 = GCE7, 8 = GCE8, 9 = GCE9, 10 = GCE10, 14 = GCE-AL Vessel: SAV = R/V Sanannah (Skidaway Institute of Oceanography), Skiff = T/T R/V Savannah (Skidaway Institute of Oceanography), SD = R/V Salty Dawg (University of Georgia), Avon = R/V Savannah inflatable run-about, none = no vessel (land-based sample) Depth_Sampled: S = surface, B = bottom Flag_DPM_Added: Q = questionable value Flag_DPM_Incorporated: Q = questionable value c. Numeric Range: column 1. (none) column 2. (none) column 3. (none) column 4. 31.3059 to 31.6499 column 5. -81.4747 to -80.6206 column 6. (none) column 7. 1 to 10 column 8. (none) column 9. (none) column 10. (none) column 11. 10.25 to 16.02 column 12. (none) column 13. 0.08 to 35.65 column 14. (none) column 15. 1 to 48 column 16. 0 to 852.7 column 17. (none) column 18. 4601014 to 9627691 column 19. (none) column 20. 74.21 to 31133.53 column 21. (none) d. Missing Value Code: 5. Data Format a. Column Type: column 1. text column 2. text column 3. text column 4. numerical column 5. numerical column 6. text column 7. numerical column 8. text column 9. text column 10. text column 11. numerical column 12. text column 13. numerical column 14. text column 15. numerical column 16. numerical column 17. text column 18. numerical column 19. text column 20. numerical column 21. text b. Number of Columns: 21 c. Decimal Places: column 1. 0 column 2. 0 column 3. 0 column 4. 5 column 5. 5 column 6. 0 column 7. 0 column 8. 0 column 9. 0 column 10. 0 column 11. 1 column 12. 0 column 13. 1 column 14. 0 column 15. 0 column 16. 1 column 17. 0 column 18. 0 column 19. 0 column 20. 1 column 21. 0 6. Logical Variable Type: column 1. nominal (none) column 2. datetime (none) column 3. datetime (none) column 4. geographic coordinate (continuous) column 5. geographic coordinate (continuous) column 6. nominal (none) column 7. coded value (discrete) column 8. coded value (none) column 9. nominal (none) column 10. coded value (none) column 11. data (continuous) column 12. coded value (none) column 13. data (continuous) column 14. coded value (none) column 15. ordinal (discrete) column 16. calculation (continuous) column 17. coded value (none) column 18. calculation (continuous) column 19. coded value (none) column 20. data (continuous) column 21. coded value (none) 7. Flagging Criteria: column 1. none column 2. none column 3. none column 4. x<-90="I", x<31="Q", x>32="Q", x>90="I" column 5. x<-180="I", x<-82="Q", x>-80.5="Q", x>180="I" column 6. flag_locationcoords(x,col_Longitude,col_Latitude,0.5,"sensitive","geo_locations.mat")="Q " column 7. x<1="I", x>14="Q" column 8. none column 9. none column 10. none column 11. x<-2="I", x<10="Q", x>35="Q" column 12. none column 13. x<0="I", x<0="Q", x>36="Q" column 14. none column 15. x<1="I", x>48="I" column 16. x<0="I", x<0="Q", x>1330="Q", x>16600="I" column 17. none column 18. x<0="I", x<3.5e+006="Q", x>5.5e+006="Q" column 19. none column 20. x<0="I", x<250="Q", x>5.5e+006="Q", col_DPM_Incorporated>col_DPM_Added="I" column 21. none C. Data Anomalies: DPM_Added values for sites 1, 7, 9 and an oceanic station were much higher than expected and were flagged as Q (questionable). DPM_Incorporated values for 42 records were very low (<250 DPM) so these values and corresponding CO3_Incorporated values were flagged as Q (questionable). V. Supplemental Descriptors A. Data Acquisition 1. Data Forms: Paper copies of chromatograms, and standard curves used for analysis 2. Form Location: Robert E. Hodson''s laboratory, Dept. of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA USA 3. Data Entry Validation: not described B. Quality Assurance/Quality Control Procedures: QA/QC flags are generated automatically according to domain criteria specified for each data column. A flag column is generated and appended to the data table if any flags are assigned to any value, listing the flags for each column on each row. C. Supplemental Materials: not applicable D. Computer Programs: Microsoft Office XP Professional, Version 2002 E. Archival Practices: Data sets and documentation are stored in structured binary (Matlab 5.x files) and delimited ASCII text formats, and archived on magnetic tape and CD at the GCE LTER Information Management Office at the University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA F. Publications: not specified G. History of Data Set Usage 1. Data Request History: not specified 2. Data Set Update History: none 3. Review History: none 4. Questions and Comments from Users: none