I. Data Set Descriptors A. Title: Jackson O. Blanton. 2005. Daily Summary of Continuous salinity, temperature and depth measurements from moored hydrographic data loggers deployed at GCE10_Hydro (Duplin River west of Sapelo Island, Georgia) from 01-Jan-2004 through 31-Dec-2004. Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Data Catalog (data set PHY-GCEM-0505h; http://gce-lter.marsci.uga.edu/public/app/dataset_details.asp?accession=PHY-GCEM-0505h) B. Accession Number: PHY-GCEM-0505h C. Description 1. Originator(s): Name: Jackson O. Blanton Address: 10 Ocean Science Circle Savannah, Georgia 31411 Country: USA Email: jack.blanton@skio.uga.edu 2. Abstract: Conductivity, temperature and pressure were measured continuously at Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER sampling location GCE10_Hydro (Duplin River west of Sapelo Island, Georgia) from 01-Jan-2004 through 31-Dec-2004. Observations were logged at 30 minute intervals by moored Sea-Bird Electronics MicroCAT 37-SM data loggers and downloaded approximately bimonthly. Salinity, depth and sigma-t were calculated from the measured parameters using standard UNESCO algorithms. This data set was collected as part of the GCE-LTER Project continuous salinity, temperature and water level monitoring program. 3. Study Type: Monitoring 4. Study Themes: Physical Oceanography 5. LTER Core Areas: Inorganic Fluxes 6. Georeferences: geographic coordinates as data columns 7. Submission Date: May 17, 2005 D. Keywords: conductivity, daily, density, depth, GCE, GCE10, Georgia, Georgia Coastal Ecosystems, Hydrographic Moorings, hydrography, Inorganic Fluxes, LTER, monitoring, moorings, pressure, salinity, Sapelo Island, sonde, temperature, USA, water column, water quality II. Research Origin Descriptors A. Overall Project Description 1. Project Title: Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Project 2. Principal Investigators: Name: James T. Hollibaugh Address: Dept. of Marine Sciences University of Georgia Athens, Georgia 30602-3636 Country: USA Email: aquadoc@uga.edu 3. Funding Period: May 01, 2000 to May 01, 2006 4. Objectives: To investigate the linkages between coastal and distant upland areas in central Georgia mediated by surface and ground water delivery to the coastal zone. This will be addressed by examining the relationship between variability in environmental factors driven by river flow, primarily salinity, and ecosystem processes and structure. 5. Abstract: We propose to establish a Long Term Ecological Research site on the central Georgia coast in the vicinity of Sapelo Island. This is a barrier island and marsh complex with the Altamaha River, one of the largest and least developed rivers on the east coast of the US, as the primary source of fresh water. The proposed study would investigate the linkages between local and distant upland areas mediated by water - surface water and ground water - delivery to the coastal zone. We would explicitly examine the relationship between variability in environmental factors driven by river flow, primarily salinity because we can measure it at high frequency, and ecosystem processes and structure. We will accomplish this by comparing estuary/marsh complexes separated from the Altamaha River by one or two lagoonal estuary/marsh complexes that damp and attenuate the river signal. This spatial gradient is analogous to the temporal trend in riverine influence expected as a result of development in the watershed. We will implement a monitoring system that documents physical and biological variables and use the time trends and spatial distributions of these variables and of their variance structure to address questions about the factors controlling distributions, trophic structure, diversity, and biogeochemistry. An existing GIS-based hydrologic model will be modified to incorporate changes in river water resulting from changes in land use patterns that can be expected as the watershed develops. This model will be linked to ecosystem models and will serve as an heuristic and management tool. Another consequence of coastal development is that as river flow decreases, groundwater flow increases and becomes nutrified. We will compare the effects of ground water discharge from the surficial aquifer in relatively pristine (Sapelo Island) versus more urbanized (mainland) sites to assess the relative importance of fresh water versus nutrients to productivity, structure and biomass turnover rate in marshes influenced by groundwater. We will also investigate the effect of marine processes (tides, storm surge) on mixing across the fresh/salt interface in the surficial aquifer. Additional physical studies will relate the morphology of salt marsh - tidal creek channel complexes to tidal current distributions and exchange. These findings will be incorporated into a physical model that will be coupled to an existing ecosystem model. The land/ocean margin ecosystem lies at the interface between two ecosystems in which distinctly different groups of decomposers control organic matter degradation. The terrestrial ecosystem is largely dominated by fungal decomposers, while bacterial decomposers dominate the marine ecosystem. Both groups are important in salt marsh-dominated ecosystems. Specific studies will examine, at the level of individual cells and hyphae, the relationship bacteria and fungi in the consortia that decompose standing dead Spartina and other marsh plants and examine how, or if, this changes along the salinity gradient. 6. Funding Source: NSF OCE 9982133 B. Sub-project Description 1. Site Description a. Geographic Location: GCE-DP -- Duplin River, Georgia, USA GCE10_Hydro -- Duplin River hydrographic datalogger deployment at Flume Dock Coordinates: GCE-DP -- NW: 081 18 07.15 W, 31 29 11.37 N NE: 081 15 47.25 W, 31 29 11.37 N SE: 081 15 47.25 W, 31 24 39.08 N SW: 081 18 07.15 W, 31 24 39.08 N GCE10_Hydro -- 81 16 04.5 W, 31 28 56.9 N b. Physiographic Region: GCE-DP -- Myxohaline tidal creek and marsh GCE10_Hydro -- Myxohaline tidal creek and marsh c. Landform Components: GCE-DP -- Intertidal marsh bordering tidal channels and creeks GCE10_Hydro -- Intertidal marsh bordering tidal channels and creeks d. Hydrographic Characteristics: GCE-DP -- Site includes the Duplin River and various smaller tidal creeks and channels GCE10_Hydro -- Site includes the Duplin River and various smaller tidal creeks and channels e. Topographic Attributes: GCE-DP -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3.4m above mean low tide GCE10_Hydro -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3.4m above mean low tide f. Geology, Lithology and Soils: GCE-DP -- unspecified GCE10_Hydro -- unspecified g. Vegetation Communities: GCE-DP -- unspecified GCE10_Hydro -- unspecified h. History of Land Use and Disturbance: none recorded i. Climate: Climate summary for Sapelo Island, Georgia, based on NWS data from 1980-2010: Daily-aggregated Values: Mean (sample standard deviation) mean air temperature: 20.09°C (7.28°C) minimum air temperature: 15.02°C (7.96°C) maximum air temperature: 24.82°C (6.98°C) total precipitation: 3.26mm (10.3mm) Yearly-aggregated Daily Values: Mean (sample standard deviation) total precipitation (1980-2010): 1124mm (266mm) 2. Experimental or Sampling Design a. Design Characteristics: Conductivity, temperature and pressure were measured at 30 minute intervals using a hydrographic sonde deployed at GCE-LTER sampling location GCE9_Hydro (Altamaha River hydrographic datalogger deployment near Rockdedundy Island). The sonde was moored to a wooden piling and submerged 1-1.5m below mean low water. b. Permanent Plots: none c. Data Collection Duration and Frequency: The MicroCAT was programmed to autonomously measure and log conductivity, temperature and pressure at a sampling rate of 30 minutes (based on its internal chronometer). Upon retrieval the data was downloaded from the instrument via RS-232 serial communications and processed using custom Matlab(r) procedures to calculate depth (i.e. from pressure and latitude), salinity and sigma-t (i.e. from conductivity and temperature), and date and time components from sample time stamps. Beginning of Observations: Jan 01, 2004 End of Observations: Dec 31, 2004 3. Research Methods a. Field and Laboratory Methods: Method 1: Deployment -- The MicroCAT was mounted inside a protective PVC pipe enclosure and attached to a wooden piling (~12 inch diameter) that was driven firmly into the substrate. The enclosure was constructed from a 10-foot length of 6-inch (internal diameter) PVC pipe that was perforated all over by drilling 1.5-inch holes (at approximately 4-inch spacing); this permits proper water circulation within the enclosure. The bottom of the PVC pipe was submerged about 5 feet below the water surface at low tide and bolted (vertically) to the piling. The MicroCAT was deployed by lowering it into the enclosure on a 0.375-inch stainless steel cable, and bolting the cable to the piling, so that the bottom of the data logger was ~3 inches above the bottom of the PVC pipe. A weighted surveyor's tape was then used to measure the distance from the substrate to the pressure sensor on the MicroCAT for calculation of total water column depth from pressure readings. The mooring was inspected every 1-3 weeks, and any visible fouling of the enclosure or MicroCAT was removed with a brush or scraper. Method 2: Retrieval and Calibration -- At the end of the measurement period (approximately 2 months), the MicroCAT was unshackled from the cable and returned to the laboratory. The stored data was uploaded using a RS-232 serial cable and Sea-Bird Electronics SEATERM software. The MicroCAT was then cleaned to remove encrusting material and calibrated with a reference instrument at 4 to 5 salinity levels, generally ranging from 30 to 5 PSU. Method 3: Data Processing -- Data were processed after each retrieval using custom programs in the GCE Data Toolbox for MATLAB (parse_37sm and imp_gcesonde). Depth was calculated from recorded pressure and latitude values, and salinity and sigma-t were calculated from recorded conductivity and temperature values using standard UNESCO algorithms (reference: Unesco. 1983. Algorithms for computation of fundamental properties of seawater, 1983. Unesco Technical Papers in Marine Science No. 44, 53 pp.). Data were then plotted and visually inspected for evidence of biofouling of the conductivity sensor (i.e. prolonged periods of damped tidal oscillation in conductivity signal with no corresponding changes in temperature signal and no wind or rainfall events recorded at nearby monitoring stations, or periods of damped oscillation immediately followed by normal oscillation after instrument maintenance or replacement). Conductivity values recorded during periods of suspected biofouling were flagged as I (invalid) if visible fouling was noted in maintenance logs, and Q (questionable) if no visible fouling was noted. Daily Aggregation -- The finalized 30-minute resolution data set was filtered to remove any remaining invalid values (i.e. assigned qualifier flags of 'I' = invalid value or 'X' = excise row), then padded with empty rows to produce a monotonic time series data set with even time steps. The data records were then aggregated (grouped) by Year, Month, Day, Site, Longitude and Latitude, and relevant summary statistics were calculated for each measured variable in each group and added as data columns. Quality control rules were defined for each calculated column to flag statistics based on days with more than 35% missing values as invalid, and more than 10% missing values or 35% flagged values as questionable. Columns listing the number and percentage of missing and flagged values in the original data set for each day were also added as data columns for reference by quality control rules. Following aggregation, summary statistics flagged as invalid were removed from the daily-aggregated data set and converted to missing (NaN). b. Protocols: Method 1: none Method 2: none Method 3: none c. Instrumentation: Method 1: SBE MicroCAT 37-SM (S/N 1667) Manufacturer: Sea-Bird Electronics (Model: 37-SM MicroCAT) Last Calibration: Aug 07, 2001 Parameter: Conductivity (Accuracy: 0.0003 S/m, Readability: 0.00001 S/m, Range: 0 to 7 S/m) Protocol: Water passively circulates through an open internal-field conductivity cell equipped with an external tributyl tin antifoulant dispenser, and conductivity is measured using an ultra-precision Wien-Bridge oscillator with frequency counted by a high-stability reference crystal (<2 ppm/year drift rate). Parameter: Pressure (water) (Accuracy: 0.2m, Readability: 0.0004m, Range: 0 to 20m) Protocol: Pressure is measured using a micro-machined silicon diaphragm with embedded strain elements, and temperature compensation is performed by the SBE MicroCAT onboard cpu. Parameter: Temperature (water) (Accuracy: 0.002°C, Readability: 0.0001°C, Range: -5 to 35°C) Protocol: Temperature is measured by applying an AC excitation to a hermetically-sealed VISHAY reference resistor and an ultra-stable aged thermistor (drift rate typically less than 0.002°C/year). SBE MicroCAT 37-SM (S/N 1793) Manufacturer: Sea-Bird Electronics (Model: 37-SM MicroCAT) Last Calibration: Feb 24, 2001 Parameter: Conductivity (Accuracy: 0.0003 S/m, Readability: 0.00001 S/m, Range: 0 to 7 S/m) Protocol: Water passively circulates through an open internal-field conductivity cell equipped with an external tributyl tin antifoulant dispenser, and conductivity is measured using an ultra-precision Wien-Bridge oscillator with frequency counted by a high-stability reference crystal (<2 ppm/year drift rate). Parameter: Pressure (water) (Accuracy: 0.2m, Readability: 0.0004m, Range: 0 to 20m) Protocol: Pressure is measured using a micro-machined silicon diaphragm with embedded strain elements, and temperature compensation is performed by the SBE MicroCAT onboard cpu. Parameter: Temperature (water) (Accuracy: 0.002°C, Readability: 0.0001°C, Range: -5 to 35°C) Protocol: Temperature is measured by applying an AC excitation to a hermetically-sealed VISHAY reference resistor and an ultra-stable aged thermistor (drift rate typically less than 0.002°C/year). SBE MicroCAT 37-SM (S/N 1796) Manufacturer: Sea-Bird Electronics (Model: 37-SM MicroCAT) Last Calibration: Feb 24, 2001 Parameter: Conductivity (Accuracy: 0.0003 S/m, Readability: 0.00001 S/m, Range: 0 to 7 S/m) Protocol: Water passively circulates through an open internal-field conductivity cell equipped with an external tributyl tin antifoulant dispenser, and conductivity is measured using an ultra-precision Wien-Bridge oscillator with frequency counted by a high-stability reference crystal (<2 ppm/year drift rate). Parameter: Pressure (water) (Accuracy: 0.2m, Readability: 0.0004m, Range: 0 to 20m) Protocol: Pressure is measured using a micro-machined silicon diaphragm with embedded strain elements, and temperature compensation is performed by the SBE MicroCAT onboard cpu. Parameter: Temperature (water) (Accuracy: 0.002°C, Readability: 0.0001°C, Range: -5 to 35°C) Protocol: Temperature is measured by applying an AC excitation to a hermetically-sealed VISHAY reference resistor and an ultra-stable aged thermistor (drift rate typically less than 0.002°C/year). SBE MicroCAT 37-SM (S/N 1996) Manufacturer: Sea-Bird Electronics (Model: 37-SM MicroCAT) Last Calibration: Oct 08, 2004 Parameter: Conductivity (Accuracy: 0.0003 S/m, Readability: 0.00001 S/m, Range: 0 to 7 S/m) Protocol: Water passively circulates through an open internal-field conductivity cell equipped with an external tributyl tin antifoulant dispenser, and conductivity is measured using an ultra-precision Wien-Bridge oscillator with frequency counted by a high-stability reference crystal (<2 ppm/year drift rate). Parameter: Pressure (water) (Accuracy: 0.2m, Readability: 0.0004m, Range: 0 to 20m) Protocol: Pressure is measured using a micro-machined silicon diaphragm with embedded strain elements, and temperature compensation is performed by the SBE MicroCAT onboard cpu. Parameter: Temperature (water) (Accuracy: 0.002°C, Readability: 0.0001°C, Range: -5 to 35°C) Protocol: Temperature is measured by applying an AC excitation to a hermetically-sealed VISHAY reference resistor and an ultra-stable aged thermistor (drift rate typically less than 0.002°C/year). SBE MicroCAT 37-SM (S/N 2413, with pump) Manufacturer: Sea-Bird Electronics (Model: 37-SM MicroCAT) Last Calibration: May 02, 2002 Parameter: Conductivity (Accuracy: 0.0003 S/m, Readability: 0.00001 S/m, Range: 0 to 7 S/m) Protocol: Prior to each timed measurement the conductivity cell is opened and water is pumped for 0.5 sec, then conductivity is measured using an ultra-precision Wien-Bridge oscillator with frequency counted by a high-stability reference crystal (<2 ppm/year drift rate). The cell is closed between measurements and tributyl tin antifoulant is released into the tubing. Parameter: Pressure (water) (Accuracy: 0.2m, Readability: 0.0004m, Range: 0 to 20m) Protocol: Pressure is measured using a micro-machined silicon diaphragm with embedded strain elements, and temperature compensation is performed by the SBE MicroCAT onboard cpu. Parameter: Temperature (water) (Accuracy: 0.002°C, Readability: 0.0001°C, Range: -5 to 35°C) Protocol: Temperature is measured by applying an AC excitation to a hermetically-sealed VISHAY reference resistor and an ultra-stable aged thermistor (drift rate typically less than 0.002°C/year). Method 2: none Method 3: none d. Taxonomy and Systematics: Method 1: not applicable Method 2: not applicable Method 3: not applicable e. Speclies List: f. Permit History: Method 1: Approval was obtained from the UGA Marine Institute for deployment on the flume dock structure. Method 2: none Method 3: none 4. Project Personnel a. Personnel: 1: Jackson O. Blanton 2: Julie Amft 3: Kenneth Helm 4: Wade M. Sheldon, Jr. b. Affiliations: 1: Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, Savannah, Georgia 2: Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, Savannah, Georgia 3: University of Georgia Marine Institute, Sapelo Island, Georgia 4: University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia III. Data Set Status and Accessibility A. Status 1. Latest Update: 30-Sep-2016 2. Latest Archive Date: 30-Sep-2016 3. Latest Metadata Update: 30-Sep-2016 4. Data Verification Status: Reviewed by GCE-LTER IM B. Accessibility 1. Storage Location and Medium: Stored at GCE-LTER Data Management Office Dept. of Marine Sciences Univ. of Georgia Athens, GA 30602-3636 USA on media: electronic data download (WWW) or compact disk 2. Contact Person: Name: Wade M. Sheldon, Jr. Address: Dept. of Marine Sciences University of Georgia Athens, Georgia 30602-3636 Country: USA Email: sheldon@uga.edu 3. Copyright Restrictions: not copyrighted 4. Restrictions: All publications based on this data set must cite the contributor and Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER project, and two copies of the manuscript must be submitted to the GCE-LTER Information Management Office. a. Release Date: Affiliates: May 17, 2005, Public: May 17, 2005 b. Citation: Data provided by the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems Long Term Ecological Research Project, supported by funds from NSF OCE 9982133 (data set PHY-GCEM-0505h) c. Disclaimer: The user assumes all responsibility for errors in judgement based on interpretation of data and analyses presented in this data set. 5. Costs: free electronic data download via WWW, distribution on CD may be subject to nominal processing and handling fee IV. Data Structural Descriptors A. Data Set File 1. File Name: PHY-GCEM-0505h_Daily_6_0.CSV 2. Size: 366 records 3. File Format: ASCII text (comma-separated value format) 3a. Delimiters: single comma 4. Header Information: 5 lines of ASCII text 5. Alphanumeric Attributes: none 6. Quality Control Flag Codes: Q = questionable value, I = invalid value (out of range), S = spike/noise, X = excise row flag, E = data value estimated by interpolation 7. Authentication Procedures: not specified 8. Calculations: Depth(m) = sw_dpth(Pressure(dbar),Latitude(deg)) -- sw_dpth (salt water depth from pressure) Matlab function, Revision: 1.3, Date: 10-Oct-1994 (C)1992 CSIRO, Phil Morgan (morgan@ml.csiro.au) [Salinity(psu),Sigma_t] = salsig2(Depth(m),Temperature(C),Conductivity(mmho/cm)) -- salsig2 (salinity and sigma-t from conductivity, temperature and depth) Matlab function Revision 06-May-1992 by V. Holliday, as modified by Tom Gross and Julie Amft (julie@skio.peachnet.edu) 9. Processing History: Software version: GCE Data Toolbox Version 3.9.6b (27-Aug-2016) Data structure version: GCE Data Structure 1.1 (29-Mar-2001) Original data files processed: 10040296.asc (4691 records) 10040596.asc (4844 records) 10040813.asc (4361 records) 10041193.asc (4752 records) 10050367.asc (4355 records) Data processing history: 13-Feb-2004: data uploaded from SBE 37-SM MicroCAT using SEATERM software version 1.32 16-Feb-2004: new GCE Data Structure 1.1 created ('newstruct') 16-Feb-2004: data imported from processed SBE SM-37 sonde data file '10040296.asc' (4691 records) ('imp_gcesonde') 16-Feb-2004: deleted column Second from the structure ('deletecols') 16-Feb-2004: calculated Julian days from individual date columns, added 'Date' column at position 1 ('add_datecol') 16-Feb-2004: added column 'Instrument' at position 0 ('addcol') 16-Feb-2004: added column 'Pump' at position 2 ('addcol') 16-Feb-2004: added column 'Latitude' at position 0 ('addcol') 16-Feb-2004: added column 'Longitude' at position 0 ('addcol') 16-Feb-2004: added column 'Site' at position 0 ('addcol') 16-Feb-2004: added column 'Calibration' at position 19 ('addcol') 16-Feb-2004: updated 24 metadata fields in the Data, Dataset, Site, Status, Study, Supplement sections ('addmeta') 16-Feb-2004: Q/C flagging criteria applied, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 18-Feb-2004: query 'Year=2004' run, returned 2093 of 4691 data rows ('querydata') 18-Feb-2004: automatically assigned study date metadata descriptors based on the range of date values in column Date (add_studydates) 18-Feb-2004: manually edited data set metadata ('ui_editmetadata') 18-Feb-2004: edited data set title in structure and metadata ('ui_editor') 26-May-2004: 4836 rows added at the bottom of the data set ('datamerge') 26-May-2004: updated 14 metadata fields in the Data, Dataset, Status, Study, Supplement sections ('addmeta') 26-May-2004: manually edited data set metadata ('ui_editmetadata') 26-May-2004: edited data set title in structure and metadata ('ui_editor') 27-Aug-2004: 4357 rows added at the bottom of the data set ('datamerge') 27-Aug-2004: updated 15 metadata fields in the Data, Dataset, Status, Study, Supplement sections ('addmeta') 27-Aug-2004: manually edited data set metadata ('ui_editmetadata') 27-Aug-2004: edited data set title in structure and metadata ('ui_editor') 27-Aug-2004: manually edited data set metadata ('ui_editmetadata') 27-Aug-2004: documented flagged and missing values as data set anomalies in the metadata ('add_anomalies') 27-Aug-2004: manually edited data set metadata ('ui_editmetadata') 02-Dec-2004: units of column Date edited ('ui_editor') 02-Dec-2004: 4752 rows added at the bottom of the data set ('datamerge') 02-Dec-2004: updated 13 metadata fields in the Data, Dataset, Status, Study, Supplement sections ('addmeta') 02-Dec-2004: manually edited data set metadata ('ui_editmetadata') 02-Dec-2004: edited data set title in structure and metadata ('ui_editor') 02-Dec-2004: documented flagged and missing values as data set anomalies in the metadata ('add_anomalies') 01-Mar-2005: 4321 rows added at the bottom of the data set ('datamerge') 01-Mar-2005: updated 14 metadata fields in the Data, Dataset, Status, Study, Supplement sections ('addmeta') 01-Mar-2005: manually edited data set metadata ('ui_editmetadata') 01-Mar-2005: edited data set title in structure and metadata ('ui_editor') 01-Mar-2005: query 'Year=2004' run, returned 17534 of 20359 data rows ('querydata') 01-Mar-2005: automatically assigned study date metadata descriptors based on the range of date values in date/time columns (add_studydates) 01-Mar-2005: manually edited data set metadata ('ui_editmetadata') 01-Mar-2005: added 34 null records to fill in date/time interval gaps ('fill_date_gaps') 01-Mar-2005: sorted by column Date(ascending) ('sortdata') 01-Mar-2005: deleted existing datetime columns Year, Month, Day, Hour and Minute; updated Year, Month, Day, Hour and Minute datetime columns added after column Date ('add_datepartcols') 01-Mar-2005: manually edited data set metadata ('ui_editmetadata') 01-Mar-2005: documented flagged and missing values as data set anomalies in the metadata ('add_anomalies') 19-Apr-2005: QA/QC flags assigned by visual inspection (ui_visualqc); flags set on Conductivity record(s): 998; flags set on 1039 records in Pressure 09-May-2005: added QA/QC flags from column(s) Pressure to flags for column(s) Depth and TotalDepth, and set QA/QC criteria to 'manual' (copyflags) 09-May-2005: added QA/QC flags from column(s) Conductivity and Temperature to flags for column(s) Salinity and Sigma_t, and set QA/QC criteria to 'manual' (copyflags) 09-May-2005: manually edited data set metadata ('ui_editmetadata') 09-May-2005: documented flagged and missing values as data set anomalies in the metadata ('add_anomalies') 15-Sep-2005: updated 3 metadata fields in the Status sections ('addmeta') 24-Feb-2006: updated 2 metadata fields in the Dataset, Status sections ('addmeta') 24-Feb-2006: removed 34 rows with empty values in columns Temperature, Conductivity, Pressure, Depth, TotalDepth, Salinity and Sigma_t ('compactrows') 24-Feb-2006: inserted 34 new records with date/time values and NaN/null data values (replicating common values in the non-data columns Site, Longitude, Latitude, Instrument, Pump and Calibration) to fill in date/time interval gaps in the data series ('fill_date_gaps') 24-Feb-2006: sorted by column Date(ascending) ('sortdata') 24-Feb-2006: deleted existing datetime columns Year, Month, Day, Hour and Minute; updated Year, Month, Day, Hour and Minute datetime columns added after column Date ('add_datepartcols') 17-Apr-2006: standardized case of date component column units to prevent unit conversion issues ('batch_update_datetime'): updated units for column Year from 'yyyy' to 'YYYY'; updated units for column Month from 'mm' to 'MM'; updated units for column Day from 'dd' to 'DD' 26-Sep-2008: query 'Year = 2004' run, returned 17568 of 17568 data rows ('querydata') 26-Sep-2008: updated title ('newtitle') 26-Sep-2008: updated 2 metadata fields in the Dataset, Status sections ('newtitle') 26-Sep-2008: updated 3 metadata fields in the Status sections ('addmeta') 22-Apr-2011: updated 3 metadata fields in the Status sections ('addmeta') 22-Apr-2011: updated 3 metadata fields in the Status sections ('addmeta') 16-Nov-2011: matched 17568 out of 17568 geographic coordinates in columns Latitude and Longitude to coordinates for registered locations in the file 'geo_locations.mat' within a distance tolerance of 0.5km (add_locations) 16-Nov-2011: added column 'Station' at position 2 ('addcol') 16-Nov-2011: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Station, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 16-Nov-2011: added geographic metadata based on matching values in column Station to location and station names registered in 'geo_locations.mat' ('add_sitemetadata') 16-Nov-2011: updated 9 metadata fields in the Site, Status sections ('add_sitemetadata') 03-Jun-2015: query 'Year=2004' run, returned 17568 of 17568 data rows ('querydata') 03-Jun-2015: copied QA/QC flags from column(s) Conductivity and Temperature to column(s) Salinity and Sigma_t, merging copied flags with any existing flags, and set QA/QC criteria for destination column(s) to 'manual' ('copyflags') 03-Jun-2015: imported all documentation metadata from the template 'GCE_Sonde_GCE1', retaining existing attribute descriptors for all columns ('meta_template') 03-Jun-2015: updated 44 metadata fields in the Data, Dataset, Project, Site, Status, Study, Supplement sections ('addmeta') 03-Jun-2015: updated title ('newtitle') 03-Jun-2015: added geographic metadata based on matching values in column Station to location and station names registered in 'geo_locations.mat' ('add_sitemetadata') 03-Jun-2015: updated 8 metadata fields in the Site sections ('addmeta') 03-Jun-2015: updated title ('newtitle') 03-Jun-2015: updated 1 metadata fields in the Dataset sections ('addmeta') 03-Jun-2015: deleted empty column 'TotalDepth' (compactcols) 03-Jun-2015: deleted columns Calibration and Pump from the structure ('deletecols') 03-Jun-2015: converted values in all columns assigned QA/QC flag(s) I (invalid value (out of range)) to NaN/empty: Temperature record(s) 14762, Conductivity record(s) 14762, Pressure record(s) 14762, Depth record(s) 14762, Salinity record(s) 14762, Sigma_t record(s) 14762 ('nullflags') 30-Sep-2016: removed 35 rows with empty values in columns Temperature, Conductivity, Pressure, Depth, Salinity and Sigma_t ('compactrows') 30-Sep-2016: deleted column Date from the structure ('deletecols') 30-Sep-2016: calculated calendar date in MATLAB serial day (base 1/1/0000) format from individual date component columns Month, Day, Hour, Minute and Temperature, added 'Date' column at position 6 ('add_datecol') 30-Sep-2016: deleted column Date from the structure ('deletecols') 30-Sep-2016: calculated calendar date in MATLAB serial day (base 1/1/0000) format from individual date component columns Month, Day, Hour, Minute and Temperature, added 'Date' column at position 6 ('add_datecol') 30-Sep-2016: Revised date/time values that differed from the specified interval of 30 minutes by up to 5 minutes ('adjust_time_interval') 30-Sep-2016: 1202 values in 'Date' were updated with new values ('adjust_time_interval') 30-Sep-2016: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Date, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 30-Sep-2016: deleted existing datetime columns Year, Month, Day, Hour and Minute; updated Year, Month, Day, Hour and Minute datetime columns added after column Date ('add_datepartcols') 30-Sep-2016: manually edited data set metadata ('ui_editmetadata') 30-Sep-2016: documented flagged and missing values in columns Conductivity, Pressure, Depth, Salinity and Sigma_t as data set anomalies in the metadata ('add_anomalies') 30-Sep-2016: query 'Year=2004' run, returned 17533 of 17533 data rows ('querydata') 30-Sep-2016: inserted 35 new records with date/time values and NaN/null data values (replicating common values in the non-data columns Site, Station, Longitude, Latitude and Instrument) to fill in date/time interval gaps in the data series ('pad_date_gaps') 30-Sep-2016: sorted by column Date(ascending) ('sortdata') 30-Sep-2016: deleted existing datetime columns Year, Month, Day, Hour and Minute; updated Year, Month, Day, Hour and Minute datetime columns added after column Date ('add_datepartcols') 30-Sep-2016: copied QA/QC flags from column(s) Conductivity and Temperature to column(s) Salinity and Sigma_t, merging copied flags with any existing flags, and set QA/QC criteria for destination column(s) to 'manual' ('copyflags') 30-Sep-2016: imported all documentation metadata from the template 'GCE_Sonde_GCE1', retaining existing attribute descriptors for all columns ('meta_template') 30-Sep-2016: updated 44 metadata fields in the Data, Dataset, Project, Site, Status, Study, Supplement sections ('addmeta') 30-Sep-2016: updated title ('newtitle') 30-Sep-2016: added geographic metadata based on matching values in column Station to location and station names registered in 'geo_locations.mat' ('add_sitemetadata') 30-Sep-2016: updated 8 metadata fields in the Site sections ('addmeta') 30-Sep-2016: updated title ('newtitle') 30-Sep-2016: updated 1 metadata fields in the Dataset sections ('addmeta') 30-Sep-2016: imported Dataset, Project, Site, Study, Status, Supplement metadata descriptors from the GCE Metabase ('imp_gcemetadata') 30-Sep-2016: updated 57 metadata fields in the Dataset, Project, Site, Status, Study, Supplement sections ('addmeta') 30-Sep-2016: sorted by column Date(ascending) ('sortdata') 30-Sep-2016: updated 1 metadata fields in the Data sections ('addmeta') 30-Sep-2016: replaced 35 missing values in column Temperature with estimated values based on 1D interpolation of Temperature as a function of Date using the MATLAB 9 function 'interp1' with the 'pchip' (piecewise cubic Hermite interpolation) method option, excluding data gaps with more than 12 consecutive missing values, and flagging the estimated values as 'E' ('interp_missing') 30-Sep-2016: 35 values in 'Temperature' were updated with new values ('update_data'): changed record 2094 from NaN to 11.423, changed record 2095 from NaN to 11.433, changed record 2096 from NaN to 11.448, changed record 2097 from NaN to 11.468, changed record 2098 from NaN to 11.491, changed record 2099 from NaN to 11.518, changed record 2100 from NaN to 11.547, changed record 2101 from NaN to 11.579, changed record 2102 from NaN to 11.613, changed record 2103 from NaN to 11.648, changed record 2104 from NaN to 11.684, changed record 6941 from NaN to 27.593, changed record 6942 from NaN to 27.674, changed record 6943 from NaN to 27.798, changed record 6944 from NaN to 27.955, changed record 6945 from NaN to 28.135, changed record 6946 from NaN to 28.330, changed record 6947 from NaN to 28.529, changed record 6948 from NaN to 28.724, changed record 6949 from NaN to 28.904, changed record 6950 from NaN to 29.061, changed record 6951 from NaN to 29.185, changed record 6952 from NaN to 29.266, changed record 11310 from NaN to 28.971, changed record 11311 from NaN to 28.974, changed record 11312 from NaN to 28.979, changed record 11313 from NaN to 28.986, changed record 11314 from NaN to 28.997, changed record 11315 from NaN to 29.011, changed record 11316 from NaN to 29.029, changed record 11317 from NaN to 29.051, changed record 11318 from NaN to 29.077, changed record 11319 from NaN to 29.108, changed record 11320 from NaN to 29.145, changed record 14762 from NaN to 25.205 30-Sep-2016: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Temperature, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 30-Sep-2016: replaced 35 missing values in column Conductivity with estimated values based on 1D interpolation of Conductivity as a function of Date using the MATLAB 9 function 'interp1' with the 'pchip' (piecewise cubic Hermite interpolation) method option, excluding data gaps with more than 12 consecutive missing values, and flagging the estimated values as 'E' ('interp_missing') 30-Sep-2016: 35 values in 'Conductivity' were updated with new values ('update_data'): changed record 2094 from NaN to 2.894, changed record 2095 from NaN to 2.893, changed record 2096 from NaN to 2.892, changed record 2097 from NaN to 2.891, changed record 2098 from NaN to 2.890, changed record 2099 from NaN to 2.889, changed record 2100 from NaN to 2.887, changed record 2101 from NaN to 2.886, changed record 2102 from NaN to 2.885, changed record 2103 from NaN to 2.884, changed record 2104 from NaN to 2.884, changed record 6941 from NaN to 4.469, changed record 6942 from NaN to 4.476, changed record 6943 from NaN to 4.486, changed record 6944 from NaN to 4.499, changed record 6945 from NaN to 4.514, changed record 6946 from NaN to 4.531, changed record 6947 from NaN to 4.549, changed record 6948 from NaN to 4.567, changed record 6949 from NaN to 4.586, changed record 6950 from NaN to 4.603, changed record 6951 from NaN to 4.619, changed record 6952 from NaN to 4.633, changed record 11310 from NaN to 4.347, changed record 11311 from NaN to 4.358, changed record 11312 from NaN to 4.375, changed record 11313 from NaN to 4.397, changed record 11314 from NaN to 4.422, changed record 11315 from NaN to 4.450, changed record 11316 from NaN to 4.479, changed record 11317 from NaN to 4.509, changed record 11318 from NaN to 4.537, changed record 11319 from NaN to 4.563, changed record 11320 from NaN to 4.586, changed record 14762 from NaN to 3.371 30-Sep-2016: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Conductivity, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 30-Sep-2016: replaced 35 missing values in column Pressure with estimated values based on 1D interpolation of Pressure as a function of Date using the MATLAB 9 function 'interp1' with the 'pchip' (piecewise cubic Hermite interpolation) method option, excluding data gaps with more than 12 consecutive missing values, and flagging the estimated values as 'E' ('interp_missing') 30-Sep-2016: 35 values in 'Pressure' were updated with new values ('update_data'): changed record 2094 from NaN to 1.889, changed record 2095 from NaN to 1.902, changed record 2096 from NaN to 1.912, changed record 2097 from NaN to 1.918, changed record 2098 from NaN to 1.924, changed record 2099 from NaN to 1.929, changed record 2100 from NaN to 1.934, changed record 2101 from NaN to 1.942, changed record 2102 from NaN to 1.953, changed record 2103 from NaN to 1.967, changed record 2104 from NaN to 1.988, changed record 6941 from NaN to 2.360, changed record 6942 from NaN to 2.356, changed record 6943 from NaN to 2.350, changed record 6944 from NaN to 2.340, changed record 6945 from NaN to 2.328, changed record 6946 from NaN to 2.312, changed record 6947 from NaN to 2.293, changed record 6948 from NaN to 2.270, changed record 6949 from NaN to 2.242, changed record 6950 from NaN to 2.211, changed record 6951 from NaN to 2.175, changed record 6952 from NaN to 2.135, changed record 11310 from NaN to 2.013, changed record 11311 from NaN to 2.221, changed record 11312 from NaN to 2.429, changed record 11313 from NaN to 2.634, changed record 11314 from NaN to 2.832, changed record 11315 from NaN to 3.017, changed record 11316 from NaN to 3.186, changed record 11317 from NaN to 3.335, changed record 11318 from NaN to 3.458, changed record 11319 from NaN to 3.551, changed record 11320 from NaN to 3.610, changed record 14762 from NaN to 2.180 30-Sep-2016: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Pressure, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 30-Sep-2016: replaced 35 missing values in column Depth with estimated values based on 1D interpolation of Depth as a function of Date using the MATLAB 9 function 'interp1' with the 'pchip' (piecewise cubic Hermite interpolation) method option, excluding data gaps with more than 12 consecutive missing values, and flagging the estimated values as 'E' ('interp_missing') 30-Sep-2016: 35 values in 'Depth' were updated with new values ('update_data'): changed record 2094 from NaN to 1.876, changed record 2095 from NaN to 1.889, changed record 2096 from NaN to 1.898, changed record 2097 from NaN to 1.905, changed record 2098 from NaN to 1.910, changed record 2099 from NaN to 1.915, changed record 2100 from NaN to 1.921, changed record 2101 from NaN to 1.929, changed record 2102 from NaN to 1.939, changed record 2103 from NaN to 1.954, changed record 2104 from NaN to 1.974, changed record 6941 from NaN to 2.343, changed record 6942 from NaN to 2.340, changed record 6943 from NaN to 2.333, changed record 6944 from NaN to 2.324, changed record 6945 from NaN to 2.312, changed record 6946 from NaN to 2.296, changed record 6947 from NaN to 2.277, changed record 6948 from NaN to 2.254, changed record 6949 from NaN to 2.227, changed record 6950 from NaN to 2.196, changed record 6951 from NaN to 2.160, changed record 6952 from NaN to 2.120, changed record 11310 from NaN to 1.999, changed record 11311 from NaN to 2.205, changed record 11312 from NaN to 2.412, changed record 11313 from NaN to 2.616, changed record 11314 from NaN to 2.812, changed record 11315 from NaN to 2.996, changed record 11316 from NaN to 3.164, changed record 11317 from NaN to 3.312, changed record 11318 from NaN to 3.434, changed record 11319 from NaN to 3.526, changed record 11320 from NaN to 3.585, changed record 14762 from NaN to 2.165 30-Sep-2016: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Depth, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 30-Sep-2016: replaced 35 missing values in column Salinity with estimated values based on 1D interpolation of Salinity as a function of Date using the MATLAB 9 function 'interp1' with the 'pchip' (piecewise cubic Hermite interpolation) method option, excluding data gaps with more than 12 consecutive missing values, and flagging the estimated values as 'E' ('interp_missing') 30-Sep-2016: 35 values in 'Salinity' were updated with new values ('update_data'): changed record 2094 from NaN to 24.829, changed record 2095 from NaN to 24.809, changed record 2096 from NaN to 24.783, changed record 2097 from NaN to 24.751, changed record 2098 from NaN to 24.716, changed record 2099 from NaN to 24.679, changed record 2100 from NaN to 24.643, changed record 2101 from NaN to 24.610, changed record 2102 from NaN to 24.580, changed record 2103 from NaN to 24.557, changed record 2104 from NaN to 24.541, changed record 6941 from NaN to 27.299, changed record 6942 from NaN to 27.302, changed record 6943 from NaN to 27.306, changed record 6944 from NaN to 27.313, changed record 6945 from NaN to 27.322, changed record 6946 from NaN to 27.333, changed record 6947 from NaN to 27.347, changed record 6948 from NaN to 27.364, changed record 6949 from NaN to 27.384, changed record 6950 from NaN to 27.406, changed record 6951 from NaN to 27.432, changed record 6952 from NaN to 27.461, changed record 11310 from NaN to 25.717, changed record 11311 from NaN to 25.804, changed record 11312 from NaN to 25.936, changed record 11313 from NaN to 26.102, changed record 11314 from NaN to 26.290, changed record 11315 from NaN to 26.488, changed record 11316 from NaN to 26.687, changed record 11317 from NaN to 26.875, changed record 11318 from NaN to 27.040, changed record 11319 from NaN to 27.172, changed record 11320 from NaN to 27.260, changed record 14762 from NaN to 21.020 30-Sep-2016: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Salinity, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 30-Sep-2016: replaced 35 missing values in column Sigma_t with estimated values based on 1D interpolation of Sigma_t as a function of Date using the MATLAB 9 function 'interp1' with the 'pchip' (piecewise cubic Hermite interpolation) method option, excluding data gaps with more than 12 consecutive missing values, and flagging the estimated values as 'E' ('interp_missing') 30-Sep-2016: 35 values in 'Sigma_t' were updated with new values ('update_data'): changed record 2094 from NaN to 18.800, changed record 2095 from NaN to 18.782, changed record 2096 from NaN to 18.758, changed record 2097 from NaN to 18.728, changed record 2098 from NaN to 18.695, changed record 2099 from NaN to 18.660, changed record 2100 from NaN to 18.626, changed record 2101 from NaN to 18.595, changed record 2102 from NaN to 18.567, changed record 2103 from NaN to 18.545, changed record 2104 from NaN to 18.530, changed record 6941 from NaN to 16.719, changed record 6942 from NaN to 16.682, changed record 6943 from NaN to 16.642, changed record 6944 from NaN to 16.600, changed record 6945 from NaN to 16.558, changed record 6946 from NaN to 16.517, changed record 6947 from NaN to 16.478, changed record 6948 from NaN to 16.441, changed record 6949 from NaN to 16.409, changed record 6950 from NaN to 16.382, changed record 6951 from NaN to 16.361, changed record 6952 from NaN to 16.348, changed record 11310 from NaN to 15.120, changed record 11311 from NaN to 15.182, changed record 11312 from NaN to 15.274, changed record 11313 from NaN to 15.391, changed record 11314 from NaN to 15.523, changed record 11315 from NaN to 15.663, changed record 11316 from NaN to 15.803, changed record 11317 from NaN to 15.935, changed record 11318 from NaN to 16.051, changed record 11319 from NaN to 16.144, changed record 11320 from NaN to 16.205, changed record 14762 from NaN to 12.755 30-Sep-2016: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Sigma_t, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 30-Sep-2016: performed daily statistical aggregation on data columns Temperature, Conductivity, Pressure, Depth, Salinity and Sigma_t by grouping on columns Site, Longitude, Latitude, Year, Month and Day (aggr_datetime) 30-Sep-2016: updated title ('newtitle') 30-Sep-2016: updated 1 metadata fields in the Dataset sections ('addmeta') 30-Sep-2016: calculated calendar date in MATLAB serial day (base 1/1/0000) format from individual date component columns Year, Month and Day, added 'Date' column at position 4 ('add_datecol') 30-Sep-2016: documented flagged and missing values in columns Daily_Min_Pressure, Daily_Max_Pressure, Daily_Mean_Pressure, Daily_StdDev_Pressure, Daily_SE_Pressure, Daily_Min_Depth, Daily_Max_Depth, Daily_Mean_Depth, Daily_StdDev_Depth and Daily_SE_Depth as data set anomalies in the metadata ('add_anomalies') 30-Sep-2016: updated 1 metadata fields in the Study sections ('addmeta') 30-Sep-2016: converted dates in column(s) Date to format yyyy-mm-dd 30-Sep-2016: flags for columns Daily_Min_Pressure, Daily_Max_Pressure, Daily_Mean_Pressure, Daily_StdDev_Pressure, Daily_SE_Pressure, Daily_Min_Depth, Daily_Max_Depth, Daily_Mean_Depth, Daily_StdDev_Depth and Daily_SE_Depth converted to data columns, flag codes updated in metadata ('flags2cols') 30-Sep-2016: updated 6 metadata fields in the Data sections ('addmeta') 30-Sep-2016: updated 15 metadata fields in the Status, Data sections to reflect attribute metadata ('updatecols') 30-Sep-2016: parsed and formatted metadata ('listmeta') B. Variable Information 1. Variable Name: column 1. Site column 2. Longitude column 3. Latitude column 4. Date column 5. Year column 6. Month column 7. Day column 8. Missing_Temperature column 9. Percent_Missing_Temperature column 10. Flagged_Temperature column 11. Percent_Flagged_Temperature column 12. Daily_Num_Temperature column 13. Daily_Min_Temperature column 14. Daily_Max_Temperature column 15. Daily_Mean_Temperature column 16. Daily_StdDev_Temperature column 17. Daily_SE_Temperature column 18. Missing_Conductivity column 19. Percent_Missing_Conductivity column 20. Flagged_Conductivity column 21. Percent_Flagged_Conductivity column 22. Daily_Num_Conductivity column 23. Daily_Min_Conductivity column 24. Daily_Max_Conductivity column 25. Daily_Mean_Conductivity column 26. Daily_StdDev_Conductivity column 27. Daily_SE_Conductivity column 28. Missing_Pressure column 29. Percent_Missing_Pressure column 30. Flagged_Pressure column 31. Percent_Flagged_Pressure column 32. Daily_Num_Pressure column 33. Daily_Min_Pressure column 34. Flag_Daily_Min_Pressure column 35. Daily_Max_Pressure column 36. Flag_Daily_Max_Pressure column 37. Daily_Mean_Pressure column 38. Flag_Daily_Mean_Pressure column 39. Daily_StdDev_Pressure column 40. Flag_Daily_StdDev_Pressure column 41. Daily_SE_Pressure column 42. Flag_Daily_SE_Pressure column 43. Missing_Depth column 44. Percent_Missing_Depth column 45. Flagged_Depth column 46. Percent_Flagged_Depth column 47. Daily_Num_Depth column 48. Daily_Min_Depth column 49. Flag_Daily_Min_Depth column 50. Daily_Max_Depth column 51. Flag_Daily_Max_Depth column 52. Daily_Mean_Depth column 53. Flag_Daily_Mean_Depth column 54. Daily_StdDev_Depth column 55. Flag_Daily_StdDev_Depth column 56. Daily_SE_Depth column 57. Flag_Daily_SE_Depth column 58. Missing_Salinity column 59. Percent_Missing_Salinity column 60. Flagged_Salinity column 61. Percent_Flagged_Salinity column 62. Daily_Num_Salinity column 63. Daily_Min_Salinity column 64. Daily_Max_Salinity column 65. Daily_Mean_Salinity column 66. Daily_StdDev_Salinity column 67. Daily_SE_Salinity column 68. Missing_Sigma_t column 69. Percent_Missing_Sigma_t column 70. Flagged_Sigma_t column 71. Percent_Flagged_Sigma_t column 72. Daily_Num_Sigma_t column 73. Daily_Min_Sigma_t column 74. Daily_Max_Sigma_t column 75. Daily_Mean_Sigma_t column 76. Daily_StdDev_Sigma_t column 77. Daily_SE_Sigma_t 2. Variable Definition: column 1. Nearest nominal GCE-LTER sampling site column 2. Geographic longitude in decimal degrees column 3. Geographic latitude in decimal degrees column 4. Fractional MATLAB serial day (based on 1 = January 1, 0000) column 5. Calendar year column 6. Calendar month column 7. Calendar day column 8. Number of missing observations of Water temperature column 9. Percent missing observations of Water temperature column 10. Number of QC/QA-flagged observations of Water temperature column 11. Percent QC/QA-flagged observations of Water temperature column 12. Daily Observations of Water temperature column 13. Daily Minimum Water temperature column 14. Daily Maximum Water temperature column 15. Daily Mean Water temperature column 16. Daily Sample Standard Deviation of Water temperature column 17. Daily Standard Error of Water temperature column 18. Number of missing observations of Conductivity column 19. Percent missing observations of Conductivity column 20. Number of QC/QA-flagged observations of Conductivity column 21. Percent QC/QA-flagged observations of Conductivity column 22. Daily Observations of Conductivity column 23. Daily Minimum Conductivity column 24. Daily Maximum Conductivity column 25. Daily Mean Conductivity column 26. Daily Sample Standard Deviation of Conductivity column 27. Daily Standard Error of Conductivity column 28. Number of missing observations of Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) column 29. Percent missing observations of Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) column 30. Number of QC/QA-flagged observations of Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) column 31. Percent QC/QA-flagged observations of Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) column 32. Daily Observations of Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) column 33. Daily Minimum Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) column 34. QA/QC flags for Daily Minimum Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) (flagging criteria, where "x" is Daily_Min_Pressure: Percent_Missing_Pressure>35="I", Percent_Missing_Pressure>15="Q", Percent_Flagged_Pressure>35="Q") column 35. Daily Maximum Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) column 36. QA/QC flags for Daily Maximum Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) (flagging criteria, where "x" is Daily_Max_Pressure: Percent_Missing_Pressure>35="I", Percent_Missing_Pressure>15="Q", Percent_Flagged_Pressure>35="Q") column 37. Daily Mean Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) column 38. QA/QC flags for Daily Mean Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) (flagging criteria, where "x" is Daily_Mean_Pressure: Percent_Missing_Pressure>35="I", Percent_Missing_Pressure>15="Q", Percent_Flagged_Pressure>35="Q") column 39. Daily Sample Standard Deviation of Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) column 40. QA/QC flags for Daily Sample Standard Deviation of Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) (flagging criteria, where "x" is Daily_StdDev_Pressure: Percent_Missing_Pressure>35="I", Percent_Missing_Pressure>15="Q", Percent_Flagged_Pressure>35="Q") column 41. Daily Standard Error of Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) column 42. QA/QC flags for Daily Standard Error of Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) (flagging criteria, where "x" is Daily_SE_Pressure: Percent_Missing_Pressure>35="I", Percent_Missing_Pressure>15="Q", Percent_Flagged_Pressure>35="Q") column 43. Number of missing observations of Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde column 44. Percent missing observations of Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde column 45. Number of QC/QA-flagged observations of Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde column 46. Percent QC/QA-flagged observations of Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde column 47. Daily Observations of Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde column 48. Daily Minimum Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde column 49. QA/QC flags for Daily Minimum Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde (flagging criteria, where "x" is Daily_Min_Depth: Percent_Missing_Depth>35="I", Percent_Missing_Depth>15="Q", Percent_Flagged_Depth>35="Q") column 50. Daily Maximum Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde column 51. QA/QC flags for Daily Maximum Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde (flagging criteria, where "x" is Daily_Max_Depth: Percent_Missing_Depth>35="I", Percent_Missing_Depth>15="Q", Percent_Flagged_Depth>35="Q") column 52. Daily Mean Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde column 53. QA/QC flags for Daily Mean Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde (flagging criteria, where "x" is Daily_Mean_Depth: Percent_Missing_Depth>35="I", Percent_Missing_Depth>15="Q", Percent_Flagged_Depth>35="Q") column 54. Daily Sample Standard Deviation of Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde column 55. QA/QC flags for Daily Sample Standard Deviation of Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde (flagging criteria, where "x" is Daily_StdDev_Depth: Percent_Missing_Depth>35="I", Percent_Missing_Depth>15="Q", Percent_Flagged_Depth>35="Q") column 56. Daily Standard Error of Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde column 57. QA/QC flags for Daily Standard Error of Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde (flagging criteria, where "x" is Daily_SE_Depth: Percent_Missing_Depth>35="I", Percent_Missing_Depth>15="Q", Percent_Flagged_Depth>35="Q") column 58. Number of missing observations of Salinity column 59. Percent missing observations of Salinity column 60. Number of QC/QA-flagged observations of Salinity column 61. Percent QC/QA-flagged observations of Salinity column 62. Daily Observations of Salinity column 63. Daily Minimum Salinity column 64. Daily Maximum Salinity column 65. Daily Mean Salinity column 66. Daily Sample Standard Deviation of Salinity column 67. Daily Standard Error of Salinity column 68. Number of missing observations of Sigma-t (i.e. Density-1) column 69. Percent missing observations of Sigma-t (i.e. Density-1) column 70. Number of QC/QA-flagged observations of Sigma-t (i.e. Density-1) column 71. Percent QC/QA-flagged observations of Sigma-t (i.e. Density-1) column 72. Daily Observations of Sigma-t (i.e. Density-1) column 73. Daily Minimum Sigma-t (i.e. Density-1) column 74. Daily Maximum Sigma-t (i.e. Density-1) column 75. Daily Mean Sigma-t (i.e. Density-1) column 76. Daily Sample Standard Deviation of Sigma-t (i.e. Density-1) column 77. Daily Standard Error of Sigma-t (i.e. Density-1) 3. Units of Measurement: column 1. none column 2. degrees column 3. degrees column 4. yyyy-mm-dd column 5. YYYY column 6. MM column 7. DD column 8. count column 9. % column 10. count column 11. % column 12. count column 13. °C column 14. °C column 15. °C column 16. °C column 17. °C column 18. count column 19. % column 20. count column 21. % column 22. count column 23. S/m column 24. S/m column 25. S/m column 26. S/m column 27. S/m column 28. count column 29. % column 30. count column 31. % column 32. count column 33. dbar column 34. none column 35. dbar column 36. none column 37. dbar column 38. none column 39. dbar column 40. none column 41. dbar column 42. none column 43. count column 44. % column 45. count column 46. % column 47. count column 48. m column 49. none column 50. m column 51. none column 52. m column 53. none column 54. m column 55. none column 56. m column 57. none column 58. count column 59. % column 60. count column 61. % column 62. count column 63. PSU column 64. PSU column 65. PSU column 66. PSU column 67. PSU column 68. count column 69. % column 70. count column 71. % column 72. count column 73. kg/m^3 column 74. kg/m^3 column 75. kg/m^3 column 76. kg/m^3 column 77. kg/m^3 4. Data Type a. Storage Type: column 1. integer column 2. floating-point column 3. floating-point column 4. string column 5. integer column 6. integer column 7. integer column 8. integer column 9. floating-point column 10. integer column 11. floating-point column 12. integer column 13. floating-point column 14. floating-point column 15. floating-point column 16. floating-point column 17. floating-point column 18. integer column 19. floating-point column 20. integer column 21. floating-point column 22. integer column 23. floating-point column 24. floating-point column 25. floating-point column 26. floating-point column 27. floating-point column 28. integer column 29. floating-point column 30. integer column 31. floating-point column 32. integer column 33. floating-point column 34. string column 35. floating-point column 36. string column 37. floating-point column 38. string column 39. floating-point column 40. string column 41. floating-point column 42. string column 43. integer column 44. floating-point column 45. integer column 46. floating-point column 47. integer column 48. floating-point column 49. string column 50. floating-point column 51. string column 52. floating-point column 53. string column 54. floating-point column 55. string column 56. floating-point column 57. string column 58. integer column 59. floating-point column 60. integer column 61. floating-point column 62. integer column 63. floating-point column 64. floating-point column 65. floating-point column 66. floating-point column 67. floating-point column 68. integer column 69. floating-point column 70. integer column 71. floating-point column 72. integer column 73. floating-point column 74. floating-point column 75. floating-point column 76. floating-point column 77. floating-point b. Variable Codes: Flag_Daily_Min_Pressure: Q = questionable value Flag_Daily_Max_Pressure: Q = questionable value Flag_Daily_Mean_Pressure: Q = questionable value Flag_Daily_StdDev_Pressure: Q = questionable value Flag_Daily_SE_Pressure: Q = questionable value Flag_Daily_Min_Depth: Q = questionable value Flag_Daily_Max_Depth: Q = questionable value Flag_Daily_Mean_Depth: Q = questionable value Flag_Daily_StdDev_Depth: Q = questionable value Flag_Daily_SE_Depth: Q = questionable value c. Numeric Range: column 1. 10 to 10 column 2. -81.2679 to -81.2679 column 3. 31.4825 to 31.4825 column 4. (none) column 5. 2004 to 2004 column 6. 1 to 12 column 7. 1 to 31 column 8. 0 to 0 column 9. 0 to 0 column 10. 0 to 12 column 11. 0 to 20 column 12. 48 to 48 column 13. 7.0164 to 30.9601 column 14. 8.5302 to 33.5591 column 15. 7.8136 to 31.7478 column 16. 0.13039 to 1.4018 column 17. 0.018821 to 0.20233 column 18. 0 to 0 column 19. 0 to 0 column 20. 0 to 12 column 21. 0 to 20 column 22. 48 to 48 column 23. 2.2503 to 5.1769 column 24. 2.405 to 5.3558 column 25. 2.3286 to 5.224 column 26. 0.01031 to 0.2057 column 27. 0.0014882 to 0.02969 column 28. 0 to 0 column 29. 0 to 0 column 30. 0 to 48 column 31. 0 to 50 column 32. 48 to 48 column 33. 0.529 to 2.527 column 34. (none) column 35. 2.783 to 4.463 column 36. (none) column 37. 1.9291 to 3.1995 column 38. (none) column 39. 0.17569 to 1.0973 column 40. (none) column 41. 0.025358 to 0.15838 column 42. (none) column 43. 0 to 0 column 44. 0 to 0 column 45. 0 to 48 column 46. 0 to 50 column 47. 48 to 48 column 48. 0.52534 to 2.5095 column 49. (none) column 50. 2.7637 to 4.432 column 51. (none) column 52. 1.9157 to 3.1773 column 53. (none) column 54. 0.17447 to 1.0897 column 55. (none) column 56. 0.025182 to 0.15728 column 57. (none) column 58. 0 to 0 column 59. 0 to 0 column 60. 0 to 12 column 61. 0 to 20 column 62. 48 to 48 column 63. 15.2271 to 31.2555 column 64. 16.4055 to 31.5727 column 65. 16.0806 to 31.3452 column 66. 0.0038848 to 1.3353 column 67. 0.00056072 to 0.19274 column 68. 0 to 0 column 69. 0 to 0 column 70. 0 to 12 column 71. 0 to 20 column 72. 48 to 48 column 73. 8.982 to 20.154 column 74. 9.4836 to 20.4758 column 75. 9.2451 to 20.2982 column 76. 0.035094 to 0.97993 column 77. 0.0050654 to 0.14144 d. Missing Value Code: 5. Data Format a. Column Type: column 1. numerical column 2. numerical column 3. numerical column 4. text column 5. numerical column 6. numerical column 7. numerical column 8. numerical column 9. numerical column 10. numerical column 11. numerical column 12. numerical column 13. numerical column 14. numerical column 15. numerical column 16. numerical column 17. numerical column 18. numerical column 19. numerical column 20. numerical column 21. numerical column 22. numerical column 23. numerical column 24. numerical column 25. numerical column 26. numerical column 27. numerical column 28. numerical column 29. numerical column 30. numerical column 31. numerical column 32. numerical column 33. numerical column 34. text column 35. numerical column 36. text column 37. numerical column 38. text column 39. numerical column 40. text column 41. numerical column 42. text column 43. numerical column 44. numerical column 45. numerical column 46. numerical column 47. numerical column 48. numerical column 49. text column 50. numerical column 51. text column 52. numerical column 53. text column 54. numerical column 55. text column 56. numerical column 57. text column 58. numerical column 59. numerical column 60. numerical column 61. numerical column 62. numerical column 63. numerical column 64. numerical column 65. numerical column 66. numerical column 67. numerical column 68. numerical column 69. numerical column 70. numerical column 71. numerical column 72. numerical column 73. numerical column 74. numerical column 75. numerical column 76. numerical column 77. numerical b. Number of Columns: 77 c. Decimal Places: column 1. 0 column 2. 6 column 3. 6 column 4. 0 column 5. 0 column 6. 0 column 7. 0 column 8. 0 column 9. 2 column 10. 0 column 11. 2 column 12. 0 column 13. 3 column 14. 3 column 15. 4 column 16. 4 column 17. 5 column 18. 0 column 19. 2 column 20. 0 column 21. 2 column 22. 0 column 23. 3 column 24. 3 column 25. 4 column 26. 4 column 27. 5 column 28. 0 column 29. 2 column 30. 0 column 31. 2 column 32. 0 column 33. 3 column 34. 0 column 35. 3 column 36. 0 column 37. 4 column 38. 0 column 39. 4 column 40. 0 column 41. 5 column 42. 0 column 43. 0 column 44. 2 column 45. 0 column 46. 2 column 47. 0 column 48. 3 column 49. 0 column 50. 3 column 51. 0 column 52. 4 column 53. 0 column 54. 4 column 55. 0 column 56. 5 column 57. 0 column 58. 0 column 59. 2 column 60. 0 column 61. 2 column 62. 0 column 63. 3 column 64. 3 column 65. 4 column 66. 4 column 67. 5 column 68. 0 column 69. 2 column 70. 0 column 71. 2 column 72. 0 column 73. 3 column 74. 3 column 75. 4 column 76. 4 column 77. 5 6. Logical Variable Type: column 1. nominal (discrete) column 2. geographic coordinate (continuous) column 3. geographic coordinate (continuous) column 4. datetime (none) column 5. datetime (discrete) column 6. datetime (discrete) column 7. datetime (discrete) column 8. calculation (discrete) column 9. calculation (continuous) column 10. calculation (discrete) column 11. calculation (continuous) column 12. calculation (discrete) column 13. calculation (continuous) column 14. calculation (continuous) column 15. calculation (continuous) column 16. calculation (continuous) column 17. calculation (continuous) column 18. calculation (discrete) column 19. calculation (continuous) column 20. calculation (discrete) column 21. calculation (continuous) column 22. calculation (discrete) column 23. calculation (continuous) column 24. calculation (continuous) column 25. calculation (continuous) column 26. calculation (continuous) column 27. calculation (continuous) column 28. calculation (discrete) column 29. calculation (continuous) column 30. calculation (discrete) column 31. calculation (continuous) column 32. calculation (discrete) column 33. calculation (continuous) column 34. coded value (none) column 35. calculation (continuous) column 36. coded value (none) column 37. calculation (continuous) column 38. coded value (none) column 39. calculation (continuous) column 40. coded value (none) column 41. calculation (continuous) column 42. coded value (none) column 43. calculation (discrete) column 44. calculation (continuous) column 45. calculation (discrete) column 46. calculation (continuous) column 47. calculation (discrete) column 48. calculation (continuous) column 49. coded value (none) column 50. calculation (continuous) column 51. coded value (none) column 52. calculation (continuous) column 53. coded value (none) column 54. calculation (continuous) column 55. coded value (none) column 56. calculation (continuous) column 57. coded value (none) column 58. calculation (discrete) column 59. calculation (continuous) column 60. calculation (discrete) column 61. calculation (continuous) column 62. calculation (discrete) column 63. calculation (continuous) column 64. calculation (continuous) column 65. calculation (continuous) column 66. calculation (continuous) column 67. calculation (continuous) column 68. calculation (discrete) column 69. calculation (continuous) column 70. calculation (discrete) column 71. calculation (continuous) column 72. calculation (discrete) column 73. calculation (continuous) column 74. calculation (continuous) column 75. calculation (continuous) column 76. calculation (continuous) column 77. calculation (continuous) 7. Flagging Criteria: column 1. none column 2. none column 3. none column 4. none column 5. none column 6. none column 7. none column 8. none column 9. none column 10. none column 11. none column 12. none column 13. col_Percent_Missing_Temperature>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Temperature>15="Q";col_Percen t_Flagged_Temperature>35="Q" column 14. col_Percent_Missing_Temperature>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Temperature>15="Q";col_Percen t_Flagged_Temperature>35="Q" column 15. col_Percent_Missing_Temperature>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Temperature>15="Q";col_Percen t_Flagged_Temperature>35="Q" column 16. col_Percent_Missing_Temperature>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Temperature>15="Q";col_Percen t_Flagged_Temperature>35="Q" column 17. col_Percent_Missing_Temperature>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Temperature>15="Q";col_Percen t_Flagged_Temperature>35="Q" column 18. none column 19. none column 20. none column 21. none column 22. none column 23. col_Percent_Missing_Conductivity>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Conductivity>15="Q";col_Perc ent_Flagged_Conductivity>35="Q" column 24. col_Percent_Missing_Conductivity>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Conductivity>15="Q";col_Perc ent_Flagged_Conductivity>35="Q" column 25. col_Percent_Missing_Conductivity>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Conductivity>15="Q";col_Perc ent_Flagged_Conductivity>35="Q" column 26. col_Percent_Missing_Conductivity>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Conductivity>15="Q";col_Perc ent_Flagged_Conductivity>35="Q" column 27. col_Percent_Missing_Conductivity>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Conductivity>15="Q";col_Perc ent_Flagged_Conductivity>35="Q" column 28. none column 29. none column 30. none column 31. none column 32. none column 33. col_Percent_Missing_Pressure>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Pressure>15="Q";col_Percent_Flag ged_Pressure>35="Q" column 34. none column 35. col_Percent_Missing_Pressure>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Pressure>15="Q";col_Percent_Flag ged_Pressure>35="Q" column 36. none column 37. col_Percent_Missing_Pressure>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Pressure>15="Q";col_Percent_Flag ged_Pressure>35="Q" column 38. none column 39. col_Percent_Missing_Pressure>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Pressure>15="Q";col_Percent_Flag ged_Pressure>35="Q" column 40. none column 41. col_Percent_Missing_Pressure>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Pressure>15="Q";col_Percent_Flag ged_Pressure>35="Q" column 42. none column 43. none column 44. none column 45. none column 46. none column 47. none column 48. col_Percent_Missing_Depth>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Depth>15="Q";col_Percent_Flagged_De pth>35="Q" column 49. none column 50. col_Percent_Missing_Depth>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Depth>15="Q";col_Percent_Flagged_De pth>35="Q" column 51. none column 52. col_Percent_Missing_Depth>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Depth>15="Q";col_Percent_Flagged_De pth>35="Q" column 53. none column 54. col_Percent_Missing_Depth>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Depth>15="Q";col_Percent_Flagged_De pth>35="Q" column 55. none column 56. col_Percent_Missing_Depth>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Depth>15="Q";col_Percent_Flagged_De pth>35="Q" column 57. none column 58. none column 59. none column 60. none column 61. none column 62. none column 63. col_Percent_Missing_Salinity>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Salinity>15="Q";col_Percent_Flag ged_Salinity>35="Q" column 64. col_Percent_Missing_Salinity>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Salinity>15="Q";col_Percent_Flag ged_Salinity>35="Q" column 65. col_Percent_Missing_Salinity>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Salinity>15="Q";col_Percent_Flag ged_Salinity>35="Q" column 66. col_Percent_Missing_Salinity>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Salinity>15="Q";col_Percent_Flag ged_Salinity>35="Q" column 67. col_Percent_Missing_Salinity>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Salinity>15="Q";col_Percent_Flag ged_Salinity>35="Q" column 68. none column 69. none column 70. none column 71. none column 72. none column 73. col_Percent_Missing_Sigma_t>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Sigma_t>15="Q";col_Percent_Flagge d_Sigma_t>35="Q" column 74. col_Percent_Missing_Sigma_t>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Sigma_t>15="Q";col_Percent_Flagge d_Sigma_t>35="Q" column 75. col_Percent_Missing_Sigma_t>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Sigma_t>15="Q";col_Percent_Flagge d_Sigma_t>35="Q" column 76. col_Percent_Missing_Sigma_t>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Sigma_t>15="Q";col_Percent_Flagge d_Sigma_t>35="Q" column 77. col_Percent_Missing_Sigma_t>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Sigma_t>15="Q";col_Percent_Flagge d_Sigma_t>35="Q" C. Data Anomalies: Values of 22 records in Daily_Min_Pressure were flagged as Q (questionable value). Values of 22 records in Daily_Max_Pressure were flagged as Q (questionable value). Values of 22 records in Daily_Mean_Pressure were flagged as Q (questionable value). Values of 22 records in Daily_StdDev_Pressure were flagged as Q (questionable value). Values of 22 records in Daily_SE_Pressure were flagged as Q (questionable value). Values of 22 records in Daily_Min_Depth were flagged as Q (questionable value). Values of 22 records in Daily_Max_Depth were flagged as Q (questionable value). Values of 22 records in Daily_Mean_Depth were flagged as Q (questionable value). Values of 22 records in Daily_StdDev_Depth were flagged as Q (questionable value). Values of 22 records in Daily_SE_Depth were flagged as Q (questionable value). V. Supplemental Descriptors A. Data Acquisition 1. Data Forms: Copies of CTD cast logs and raw data are maintained at the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems Information Management Office 2. Form Location: GCE-LTER Information Management Office, Dept. of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 3. Data Entry Validation: Data format is validated during download by Sea-Bird Electronics Sea-Soft version 4.246, and also by custom data import programs in the GCE Data Toolbox for Matlab. B. Quality Assurance/Quality Control Procedures: QA/QC flags are generated automatically according to domain criteria specified for each data column, then subsequently reviewed and revised as appropriate. Coded flag columns are generated for each data column, listing qualifier flags assigned to the data value on the corresponding row. C. Supplemental Materials: not applicable D. Computer Programs: Sea-Bird Electronics Sea-Soft version 4.246, MATLAB version 2013B E. Archival Practices: Data sets and documentation are stored in structured binary (Matlab 5.x files) and delimited ASCII text formats, and archived on magnetic tape and CD at the GCE LTER Information Management Office at the University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA F. Publications: not specified G. History of Data Set Usage 1. Data Request History: not specified 2. Data Set Update History: none 3. Review History: none 4. Questions and Comments from Users: none