I. Data Set Descriptors A. Title: Daniela Di Iorio. 2015. Continuous salinity, temperature and depth measurements from moored hydrographic data loggers deployed at GCE2_Hydro (Four Mile Island, Georgia) from 01-Jan-2008 through 31-Dec-2008. Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Data Catalog (data set PHY-GCEM-0901b; http://gce-lter.marsci.uga.edu/public/app/dataset_details.asp?accession=PHY-GCEM-0901b) B. Accession Number: PHY-GCEM-0901b C. Description 1. Originator(s): Name: Daniela Di Iorio Address: Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia Postal Code: 30602 Country: USA Email: daniela@uga.edu 2. Abstract: Conductivity, temperature and pressure were measured continuously at Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER sampling location GCE2_Hydro (Four Mile Island, Georgia) from 01-Jan-2008 through 31-Dec-2008. Observations were logged at 30 minute intervals by moored Sea-Bird Electronics MicroCAT 37-SM data loggers and downloaded approximately semi-monthly. Salinity, depth and sigma-t (density anomaly) were calculated from the measured parameters using standard UNESCO algorithms. This data set was collected as part of the GCE-LTER Project continuous salinity, temperature and water level monitoring program. 3. Study Type: Monitoring 4. Study Themes: Physical Oceanography 5. LTER Core Areas: Inorganic Fluxes 6. Georeferences: geographic coordinates as data set columns 7. Submission Date: not submitted D. Keywords: conductivity, density, depth, Hydrographic Moorings, hydrography, Inorganic Nutrients, monitoring, mooring, pressure, salinity, sonde, temperature, water column, water quality II. Research Origin Descriptors A. Overall Project Description 1. Project Title: Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER III 2. Principal Investigators: Name: Merryl Alber Address: Dept. of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia Postal Code: 30602-3636 Country: USA Email: malber@uga.edu Name: Steven C. Pennings Address: Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas Postal Code: 77204-5513 Country: USA Email: scpennin@central.uh.edu 3. Funding Period: 27-Dec-2006 to 17-Sep-2012 4. Objectives: The research proposed for GCE-III is designed to address how variations in salinity and inundation, driven by climate change and anthropogenic factors, affect biotic and ecosystem responses at different spatial and temporal scales, and to predict the consequences of these changes for habitat provisioning and carbon (C) sequestration across the coastal landscape. 5. Abstract: The Georgia Coastal Ecosystems (GCE) LTER is located along three adjacent sounds on the Atlantic coast and includes both intertidal marshes and estuaries. Long-term drivers of climate change, sea level rise and human alterations of the landscape will cause transitions in dominant habitat types (state changes) within the GCE domain by changing the amounts and patterns of water delivery across the landscape. These changes in water delivery can be conceptualized as presses and pulses in river inflow, local runoff, groundwater input, and tidal inundation, which will in turn manifest themselves as changes in salinity and inundation patterns in the domain. The research proposed for GCE-III is designed to address how variations in salinity and inundation, driven by climate change and anthropogenic factors, affect biotic and ecosystem responses at different spatial and temporal scales, and to predict the consequences of these changes for habitat provisioning and carbon (C) sequestration across the coastal landscape. The goals are to: 1) Track long-term changes in climate and human actions in the watershed and adjacent uplands, and evaluate the effects of these drivers on domain boundary conditions. 2) Describe temporal and spatial variability in physical, chemical, geological and biological, and to evaluate how they are affected by variations in river inflow and other boundary conditions. 3) Characterize the responses of three dominant habitats in the domain to pulses and presses in salinity and inundation. 4) Describe patterns of habitat provisioning and C sequestration and export in the GCE domain, and to evaluate how these might be affected by changes in salinity and inundation. These efforts will be synthesized into a synoptic understanding of both biotic and ecosystem responses to variations in salinity and inundation driven by climate change and human activities, which will be used to assess thresholds between habitats and the potential for state changes in the domain. 6. Funding Source: NSF OCE-9982133 and OCE-0620959 B. Sub-project Description 1. Site Description a. Geographic Location: GCE-SP -- Sapelo River, Georgia, USA GCE2_Hydro -- Four Mile Island hydrographic datalogger deployment Coordinates: GCE-SP -- NW: 81 25 55.1 W, 31 33 34.7 N NE: 81 09 14.8 W, 31 33 34.7 N SE: 81 09 14.8 W, 31 30 59.9 N SW: 81 25 55.1 W, 31 30 59.9 N GCE2_Hydro -- 81 19 11.8 W, 31 32 41.8 N b. Physiographic Region: GCE-SP -- Estuary and tidal marsh GCE2_Hydro -- Estuary and tidal marsh c. Landform Components: GCE-SP -- Intertidal marsh bordering sounds, tidal channels and creeks GCE2_Hydro -- Intertidal marsh bordering sounds, tidal channels and creeks d. Hydrographic Characteristics: GCE-SP -- Site includes the Sapelo River and Sapelo Sound, and is subject to 2-3.4m semi-diurnal tides. Sapelo Sound is a lagunal estuary system, with minimal freshwater stream or river input. GCE2_Hydro -- Site includes the Sapelo River and Sapelo Sound, and is subject to 2-3.4m semi-diurnal tides. Sapelo Sound is a lagunal estuary system, with minimal freshwater stream or river input. e. Topographic Attributes: GCE-SP -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3.4m above mean low tide GCE2_Hydro -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3.4m above mean low tide f. Geology, Lithology and Soils: GCE-SP -- unspecified GCE2_Hydro -- unspecified g. Vegetation Communities: GCE-SP -- unspecified GCE2_Hydro -- unspecified h. History of Land Use and Disturbance: i. Climate: Climate summary for Sapelo Island, Georgia, based on NWS data from 1980-2001: Daily-aggregated Values: Mean (sample standard deviation) mean air temperature: 19.78°C (6.98°C) minimum air temperature: 14.64°C (7.54°C) maximum air temperature: 24.62°C (6.78°C) total precipitation: 3.58mm (11.35mm) Yearly-aggregated Values: Mean (sample standard deviation) total precipitation (1981-2000): 1302mm (250mm) 2. Experimental or Sampling Design a. Design Characteristics: Conductivity, temperature and pressure were continuously monitored using an autonomous data-logging sensor package (sonde) that was moored to a piling and submerged 1-1.5m below mean low water. b. Permanent Plots: none c. Data Collection Duration and Frequency: The MicroCAT was programmed to autonomously measure and log conductivity, temperature and pressure at a sampling rate of 30 minutes (based on its internal chronometer). Upon retrieval the data was downloaded from the instrument via RS-232 serial communications and processed using custom Matlab(r) procedures to calculate depth (i.e. from pressure and latitude), salinity and sigma-t (i.e. from conductivity and temperature), and date and time components from sample time stamps. Beginning of Observations: 01-Jan-2008 End of Observations: 31-Dec-2008 3. Research Methods a. Field and Laboratory Methods: Deployment -- The MicroCAT was mounted inside a protective PVC pipe enclosure and attached to a wooden piling (~12 inch diameter) that was driven firmly into the substrate. The enclosure was constructed from a 10-foot length of 6-inch (internal diameter) PVC pipe that was perforated all over by drilling 1.5-inch holes (at approximately 4-inch spacing); this permits proper water circulation within the enclosure. The bottom of the PVC pipe was submerged about 5 feet below the water surface at low tide and bolted (vertically) to the piling. The MicroCAT was deployed by lowering it into the enclosure on a 0.375-inch stainless steel cable, and bolting the cable to the piling, so that the bottom of the data logger was ~3 inches above the bottom of the PVC pipe. A weighted surveyor's tape was then used to measure the distance from the substrate to the pressure sensor on the MicroCAT for calculation of total water column depth from pressure readings. The mooring was inspected every 1-3 weeks, and any visible fouling of the enclosure or MicroCAT was removed with a brush or scaper. Retrieval and Calibration -- At the end of each measurement period (approximately 2 months), the MicroCAT was unshackled from the cable and returned to the laboratory. The stored data was uploaded to a computer using a RS-232 serial cable and Sea-Bird Electronics SEATERM software. The MicroCAT was then cleaned to remove encrusting material and calibrated with a reference instrument at 4 to 5 salinity levels, generally ranging from 30 to 5 PSU. Data Processing -- Data were processed after each retrieval using custom programs in the GCE Data Toolbox for MATLAB (parse_37sm and imp_gcesonde). Depth was calculated from recorded pressure and latitude values, and salinity and sigma-t were calculated from recorded conductivity and temperature values using standard UNESCO algorithms (reference: Unesco. 1983. Algorithms for computation of fundamental properties of seawater, 1983. Unesco Technical Papers in Marine Science No. 44, 53 pp.). Data were then plotted and visually inspected for evidence of biofouling of the conductivity sensor (i.e. prolonged periods of damped tidal oscillation in conductivity signal with no corresponding changes in temperature signal and no wind or rainfall events recorded at nearby monitoring stations, or periods of damped oscillation immediately followed by normal oscillation after instrument maintenance or replacement). Conductivity values recorded during periods of suspected biofouling were flagged as I (invalid) if visible fouling was noted in maintenance logs, and Q (questionable) if no visible fouling was noted. b. Instrumentation: Moored CTD datalogger (Sea-Bird Electronics Inc., model MicroCAT 37-SM S/N 2413, last factory calibration 29-Nov-2006) Moored CTD datalogger (Sea-Bird Electronics Inc., model MicroCAT 37-SM S/N 2398, last factory calibration 02-Mar-2007) Moored CTD datalogger (Sea-Bird Electronics Inc., model MicroCAT 37-SM S/N 4961, last factory calibration 11-Jul-2006) Moored CTD datalogger (Sea-Bird Electronics Inc., model MicroCAT 37-SM S/N 1795, last factory calibration 08-Oct-2004) Moored CTD datalogger (Sea-Bird Electronics Inc., model MicroCAT 37-SM S/N 1791, last factory calibration 17-Aug-2005) c. Taxonomy and Systematics: not applicable d. Speclies List: e. Permit History: 4. Project Personnel a. Personnel: 1: Daniela Di Iorio 2: Wade M. Sheldon 3: Jacob Shalack 4: Daniel Saucedo b. Affiliations: 1: University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 2: University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 3: University of Georgia Marine Inst., Sapelo Island, Georgia 4: University of Georgia Marine Inst., Sapelo Island, Georgia III. Data Set Status and Accessibility A. Status 1. Latest Update: 03-Jun-2015 2. Latest Archive Date: 3. Latest Metadata Update: 03-Jun-2015 4. Data Verification Status: new submission B. Accessibility 1. Storage Location and Medium: Stored at GCE-LTER Data Management Office Dept. of Marine Sciences Univ. of Georgia Athens, GA 30602-3636 USA on media: electronic data download (WWW) or compact disk 2. Contact Person: Name: Wade M. Sheldon, Jr. Position: GCE-LTER Information Manager Address: Dept. of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia Postal Code: 30602-3636 Country: USA Email: gcelter@uga.edu 3. Copyright Restrictions: not copyrighted 4. Restrictions: All publications based on this data set must cite the contributor and Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER project, and two copies of the manuscript must be submitted to the GCE-LTER Information Management Office. a. Release Date: Affiliates: 26-Feb-2009, Public: 26-Feb-2010 b. Citation: Data provided by the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems Long Term Ecological Research Project, supported by funds from National Science Foundation Grants OCE-9982133, OCE-0620959 and OCE-1237140 c. Disclaimer: The user assumes all responsibility for errors in judgement based on interpretation of data and analyses presented in this data set. 5. Costs: free electronic data download via WWW, distribution on CD may be subject to nominal processing and handling fee IV. Data Structural Descriptors A. Data Set File 1. File Name: PHY-GCEM-0901b_1_0.CSV 2. Size: 17568 records 3. File Format: ASCII text (comma-separated value format) 3a. Delimiters: single comma 4. Header Information: 5 lines of ASCII text 5. Alphanumeric Attributes: none 6. Quality Control Flag Codes: Q = questionable value, I = invalid value (out of range), S = spike/noise, X = excise row flag 7. Authentication Procedures: not specified 8. Calculations: Depth(m) = sw_dpth(Pressure(dbar),Latitude(deg)) -- sw_dpth (salt water depth from pressure) Matlab function, Revision: 1.3, Date: 10-Oct-1994 (C)1992 CSIRO, Phil Morgan (morgan@ml.csiro.au) [Salinity(psu),Sigma_t] = salsig2(Depth(m),Temperature(C),Conductivity(mmho/cm)) -- salsig2 (salinity and sigma-t from conductivity, temperature and depth) Matlab function Revision 06-May-1992 by V. Holliday, as modified by Tom Gross and Julie Amft (julie@skio.peachnet.edu) 9. Processing History: Software version: GCE Data Toolbox Version 3.9.3 (06-Apr-2015) Data structure version: GCE Data Structure 1.1 (29-Mar-2001) Original data files processed: 02080213.asc (5043 records) 02080598.asc (4030 records) 02080761.asc (3649 records) 02081195.asc (4744 records) 02090291.asc (5375 records) Data processing history: 19-Feb-2008: data uploaded from SBE 37-SM MicroCAT using SEATERM software version 1.50 22-Feb-2008: new GCE Data Structure 1.1 created ('newstruct') 22-Feb-2008: data imported from processed SBE SM-37 sonde data file '02080213.asc' (5043 records) ('imp_gcesonde') 22-Feb-2008: deleted column Second from the structure ('deletecols') 22-Feb-2008: calculated serial date from individual date component columns, added 'Date' column at position 1 ('add_datecol') 22-Feb-2008: added column 'Instrument' at position 1 ('addcol') 22-Feb-2008: added column 'Pump' at position 2 ('addcol') 22-Feb-2008: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Pump, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 22-Feb-2008: added column 'Latitude' at position 1 ('addcol') 22-Feb-2008: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Latitude, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 22-Feb-2008: added column 'Longitude' at position 1 ('addcol') 22-Feb-2008: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Longitude, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 22-Feb-2008: added column 'Site' at position 1 ('addcol') 22-Feb-2008: added column 'Calibration' at position 18 ('addcol') 22-Feb-2008: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Calibration, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 22-Feb-2008: updated 22 metadata fields in the Data, Dataset, Site, Status, Study, Supplement sections ('addmeta') 22-Feb-2008: Q/C flagging criteria applied, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 22-Feb-2008: edited structure data ('ui_datagrid'): deleted record(s) 5039, 5040, 5041, 5042 and 5043 22-Feb-2008: Q/C flagging criteria applied, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 22-Feb-2008: Q/C flagging criteria of columns Temperature, Conductivity, Salinity and Sigma_t edited ('ui_editor') 22-Feb-2008: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Temperature, Conductivity, Salinity and Sigma_t, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 25-Sep-2008: 4025 rows added at the bottom of the data set ('datamerge') 25-Sep-2008: updated 14 metadata fields in the Data, Dataset, Status, Study, Supplement sections ('addmeta') 25-Sep-2008: Q/C flagging criteria applied, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 25-Sep-2008: 3643 rows added at the bottom of the data set ('datamerge') 25-Sep-2008: updated 14 metadata fields in the Data, Dataset, Status, Study, Supplement sections ('addmeta') 25-Sep-2008: Q/C flagging criteria applied, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 25-Sep-2008: manually edited data set metadata ('ui_editmetadata') 25-Sep-2008: edited data set title in structure and metadata ('ui_editor') 25-Sep-2008: QA/QC flags assigned by visual inspection (ui_visualqc); flags set on 284 records in Conductivity 25-Sep-2008: manually updated data set anomalies metadata field (ui_visualqc) 25-Sep-2008: copied QA/QC flags from column(s) Temperature, Conductivity and Pressure to column(s) Salinity and Sigma_t, merging copied flags with any existing flags, and set QA/QC criteria for destination column(s) to 'manual' (copyflags) 25-Sep-2008: documented flagged and missing values in columns Pump, Temperature, Conductivity, Pressure, Depth, Salinity and Sigma_t as data set anomalies in the metadata ('add_anomalies') 07-Nov-2008: 4740 rows added at the bottom of the data set ('datamerge') 07-Nov-2008: updated 20 metadata fields in the Data, Dataset, Status, Study, Supplement sections ('addmeta') 07-Nov-2008: Q/C flagging criteria applied, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 07-Nov-2008: manually edited data set metadata ('ui_editmetadata') 07-Nov-2008: edited data set title in structure and metadata ('ui_editor') 07-Nov-2008: inserted 14 new records with date/time values and NaN/null data values (replicating common values in the non-data columns Site, Longitude, Latitude, Instrument, Pump and Calibration) to fill in date/time interval gaps in the data series ('fill_date_gaps') 07-Nov-2008: sorted by column Date(ascending) ('sortdata') 07-Nov-2008: deleted existing datetime columns Year, Month, Day, Hour and Minute; updated Year, Month, Day, Hour and Minute datetime columns added after column Date ('add_datepartcols') 07-Nov-2008: manually edited data set metadata ('ui_editmetadata') 07-Nov-2008: documented flagged and missing values in columns Temperature, Conductivity, Pressure, Depth, Salinity and Sigma_t as data set anomalies in the metadata ('add_anomalies') 27-Feb-2009: 5375 rows added at the bottom of the data set ('datamerge') 27-Feb-2009: updated 18 metadata fields in the Data, Dataset, Status, Study, Supplement sections ('addmeta') 27-Feb-2009: Q/C flagging criteria applied, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 27-Feb-2009: manually edited data set metadata ('ui_editmetadata') 27-Feb-2009: edited data set title in structure and metadata ('ui_editor') 27-Feb-2009: inserted 12 new records with date/time values and NaN/null data values (replicating common values in the non-data columns Site, Longitude, Latitude, Instrument, Pump and Calibration) to fill in date/time interval gaps in the data series ('fill_date_gaps') 27-Feb-2009: sorted by column Date(ascending) ('sortdata') 27-Feb-2009: deleted existing datetime columns Year, Month, Day, Hour and Minute; updated Year, Month, Day, Hour and Minute datetime columns added after column Date ('add_datepartcols') 27-Feb-2009: manually edited data set metadata ('ui_editmetadata') 27-Feb-2009: converted values in column(s) Temperature, Conductivity, Pressure, Depth, Salinity and Sigma_t assigned QA/QC flag(s) I (invalid value (out of range)) to NaN/empty: Temperature record(s) 5063, 5113, 5903, 5904, 5905, 5906, 5907, 5908, 5909, 5930, 5931, 5955 and 5956, 297 records in Conductivity, 297 records in Salinity, 297 records in Sigma_t ('nullflags') 27-Feb-2009: documented flagged and missing values in columns Temperature, Conductivity, Pressure, Depth, Salinity and Sigma_t as data set anomalies in the metadata ('add_anomalies') 05-Jun-2009: updated 4 metadata fields in the Dataset, Status, Study sections ('addmeta') 09-Dec-2009: deleted existing datetime columns Year, Month, Day, Hour and Minute; updated Year, Month, Day, Hour and Minute datetime columns added after column Date ('add_datepartcols') 11-Mar-2011: query 'Year == 2008' run, returned 17568 of 22847 data rows ('querydata') 11-Mar-2011: automatically assigned study date metadata descriptors based on the range of date values in date/time columns (add_studydates) 11-Mar-2011: updated title ('newtitle') 11-Mar-2011: updated 2 metadata fields in the Dataset, Status sections ('newtitle') 16-Nov-2011: matched 17568 out of 17568 geographic coordinates in columns Latitude and Longitude to coordinates for registered locations in the file 'geo_locations.mat' within a distance tolerance of 0.5km (add_locations) 16-Nov-2011: added column 'Station' at position 2 ('addcol') 16-Nov-2011: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Station, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 16-Nov-2011: added geographic metadata based on matching values in column Station to location and station names registered in 'geo_locations.mat' ('add_sitemetadata') 16-Nov-2011: updated 9 metadata fields in the Site, Status sections ('add_sitemetadata') 03-Jun-2015: query 'Year=2008' run, returned 17568 of 17568 data rows ('querydata') 03-Jun-2015: copied QA/QC flags from column(s) Conductivity and Temperature to column(s) Salinity and Sigma_t, merging copied flags with any existing flags, and set QA/QC criteria for destination column(s) to 'manual' ('copyflags') 03-Jun-2015: imported all documentation metadata from the template 'GCE_Sonde_GCE2', retaining existing attribute descriptors for all columns ('meta_template') 03-Jun-2015: updated 40 metadata fields in the Data, Dataset, Project, Site, Status, Study, Supplement sections ('addmeta') 03-Jun-2015: updated title ('newtitle') 03-Jun-2015: added geographic metadata based on matching values in column Station to location and station names registered in 'geo_locations.mat' ('add_sitemetadata') 03-Jun-2015: updated 8 metadata fields in the Site sections ('addmeta') 03-Jun-2015: updated title ('newtitle') 03-Jun-2015: updated 1 metadata fields in the Dataset sections ('addmeta') 03-Jun-2015: deleted columns Calibration and Pump from the structure ('deletecols') 03-Jun-2015: converted dates in column(s) Date to format yyyy-mm-dd HH:MM:SS 03-Jun-2015: flags for columns Temperature, Conductivity, Pressure, Depth, Salinity and Sigma_t converted to data columns, flag codes updated in metadata ('flags2cols') 03-Jun-2015: updated 6 metadata fields in the Data sections ('addmeta') 03-Jun-2015: updated 15 metadata fields in the Status, Data sections to reflect attribute metadata ('updatecols') 03-Jun-2015: parsed and formatted metadata ('listmeta') B. Variable Information 1. Variable Name: column 1. Site column 2. Station column 3. Longitude column 4. Latitude column 5. Instrument column 6. Date column 7. Year column 8. Month column 9. Day column 10. Hour column 11. Minute column 12. Temperature column 13. Flag_Temperature column 14. Conductivity column 15. Flag_Conductivity column 16. Pressure column 17. Flag_Pressure column 18. Depth column 19. Flag_Depth column 20. Salinity column 21. Flag_Salinity column 22. Sigma_t column 23. Flag_Sigma_t 2. Variable Definition: column 1. Nearest nominal GCE-LTER sampling site column 2. Station determined by geographic lookup of coordinates in reference file 'geo_locations.mat' using a distance tolerance of 0.5km column 3. Geographic longitude in decimal degrees column 4. Geographic latitude in decimal degrees column 5. Serial number of the SBE 37-SM MicroCAT instrument used for the observations column 6. Calendar date and time of observation column 7. Calendar year column 8. Calendar month column 9. Calendar day column 10. Hours - GMT column 11. Minutes column 12. Water temperature column 13. QA/QC flags for Water temperature (flagging criteria, where "x" is Temperature: x<0="Q", x>35="Q", Depth<0.1="I", flag_valuechange(x,2,2,1,3)="Q", manual) column 14. Conductivity column 15. QA/QC flags for Conductivity (flagging criteria, where "x" is Conductivity: x<0="I", Depth<0.1="I", flag_valuechange(x,0.5,0.5,1,3)="Q", manual) column 16. Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) column 17. QA/QC flags for Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) (flagging criteria, where "x" is Pressure: x<0="I", x<0.05="X", x>10="Q") column 18. Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde column 19. QA/QC flags for Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde (flagging criteria, where "x" is Depth: x<0="I", x<0.05="X", x>10="Q", manual) column 20. Salinity column 21. QA/QC flags for Salinity (flagging criteria, where "x" is Salinity: x<0="I", x>36="Q", Depth<0.1="I", flag_valuechange(x,5,5,1,3)="Q", manual) column 22. Sigma-t (i.e. Density-1) column 23. QA/QC flags for Sigma-t (i.e. Density-1) (flagging criteria, where "x" is Sigma_t: x<-5="Q", x>28="Q", Depth<0.1="I", flag_valuechange(x,5,5,1,3)="Q", manual) 3. Units of Measurement: column 1. none column 2. none column 3. degrees column 4. degrees column 5. none column 6. yyyy-mm-dd HH:MM:SS - GMT column 7. YYYY column 8. MM column 9. DD column 10. hr column 11. min column 12. °C column 13. none column 14. S/m column 15. none column 16. dbar column 17. none column 18. m column 19. none column 20. PSU column 21. none column 22. kg/m^3 column 23. none 4. Data Type a. Storage Type: column 1. integer column 2. string column 3. floating-point column 4. floating-point column 5. integer column 6. string column 7. integer column 8. integer column 9. integer column 10. integer column 11. integer column 12. floating-point column 13. string column 14. floating-point column 15. string column 16. floating-point column 17. string column 18. floating-point column 19. string column 20. floating-point column 21. string column 22. floating-point column 23. string b. Variable Codes: Flag_Temperature: Q = questionable value Flag_Conductivity: Q = questionable value Flag_Salinity: Q = questionable value Flag_Sigma_t: Q = questionable value c. Numeric Range: column 1. 2 to 2 column 2. (none) column 3. -81.32 to -81.32 column 4. 31.545 to 31.545 column 5. 1791 to 4961 column 6. (none) column 7. 2008 to 2008 column 8. 1 to 12 column 9. 1 to 31 column 10. 0 to 23 column 11. 0 to 59 column 12. 9.4698 to 31.2018 column 13. (none) column 14. 2.9516 to 5.5715 column 15. (none) column 16. 0.057 to 3.658 column 17. (none) column 18. 0.056605 to 3.6326 column 19. (none) column 20. 22.5 to 34.0268 column 21. (none) column 22. 15.3675 to 24.7169 column 23. (none) d. Missing Value Code: 5. Data Format a. Column Type: column 1. numerical column 2. text column 3. numerical column 4. numerical column 5. numerical column 6. text column 7. numerical column 8. numerical column 9. numerical column 10. numerical column 11. numerical column 12. numerical column 13. text column 14. numerical column 15. text column 16. numerical column 17. text column 18. numerical column 19. text column 20. numerical column 21. text column 22. numerical column 23. text b. Number of Columns: 23 c. Decimal Places: column 1. 0 column 2. 0 column 3. 6 column 4. 6 column 5. 0 column 6. 0 column 7. 0 column 8. 0 column 9. 0 column 10. 0 column 11. 0 column 12. 3 column 13. 0 column 14. 3 column 15. 0 column 16. 3 column 17. 0 column 18. 3 column 19. 0 column 20. 3 column 21. 0 column 22. 3 column 23. 0 6. Logical Variable Type: column 1. nominal (discrete) column 2. nominal (none) column 3. geographic coordinate (continuous) column 4. geographic coordinate (continuous) column 5. nominal (discrete) column 6. datetime (none) column 7. datetime (discrete) column 8. datetime (discrete) column 9. datetime (discrete) column 10. datetime (discrete) column 11. datetime (discrete) column 12. data (continuous) column 13. coded value (none) column 14. data (continuous) column 15. coded value (none) column 16. data (continuous) column 17. coded value (none) column 18. calculation (continuous) column 19. coded value (none) column 20. calculation (continuous) column 21. coded value (none) column 22. calculation (continuous) column 23. coded value (none) 7. Flagging Criteria: column 1. none column 2. flag_locationcoords(x,col_Longitude,col_Latitude,0.25,"sensitive","geo_locations.mat")=" Q" column 3. x<-180="Q";x>180="Q" column 4. x<-90="Q";x>90="Q" column 5. none column 6. none column 7. none column 8. x<1="I";x>12="I" column 9. x<1="I";x>31="I" column 10. x<0="I";x>24="I" column 11. x<0="I";x>60="I" column 12. x<0="Q";x>35="Q";col_Depth<0.1="I";flag_valuechange(x,2,2,1,3)="Q";manually-assigned flags column 13. none column 14. x<0="I";col_Depth<0.1="I";flag_valuechange(x,0.5,0.5,1,3)="Q";manually-assigned flags column 15. none column 16. x<0="I";x<0.05="X";x>10="Q" column 17. none column 18. x<0="I";x<0.05="X";x>10="Q";manually-assigned flags column 19. none column 20. x<0="I";x>36="Q";col_Depth<0.1="I";flag_valuechange(x,5,5,1,3)="Q";manually-assigned flags column 21. none column 22. x<-5="Q";x>28="Q";col_Depth<0.1="I";flag_valuechange(x,5,5,1,3)="Q";manually-assigned flags column 23. none C. Data Anomalies: Converted values in column(s) Temperature, Conductivity, Pressure, Depth, Salinity and Sigma_t assigned QA/QC flag(s) I (invalid value (out of range)) to NaN/empty: Temperature record(s) 5063, 5113, 5903, 5904, 5905, 5906, 5907, 5908, 5909, 5930, 5931, 5955 and 5956, 297 records in Conductivity, 297 records in Salinity, 297 records in Sigma_t. Values of 32 records in Temperature were flagged as Q (questionable value) for dates: 06/01/2008, 06/02/2008, 06/04/2008, 06/05/2008, 06/30/2008, 07/01/2008, 07/31/2008, 11/16/2008, 12/12/2008, 01/08/2009, 01/09/2009, 01/11/2009, 01/12/2009, 02/12/2009. Values of 60 records in Temperature are missing for dates: 02/19/2008, 02/20/2008, 02/21/2008, 03/08/2008, 03/09/2008, 05/13/2008, 06/01/2008, 07/28/2008, 09/11/2008, 11/04/2008, 12/12/2008, 12/13/2008, 01/09/2009, 01/12/2009, 02/08/2009, 02/09/2009, 02/24/2009. Values of 187 records in Conductivity were flagged as Q (questionable value) for dates: 03/09/2008, 06/01/2008, 06/02/2008, 06/04/2008, 06/05/2008, 06/30/2008, 07/01/2008, 07/31/2008, 09/08/2008-09/11/2008, 11/16/2008, 12/12/2008, 01/08/2009, 01/09/2009, 01/11/2009, 01/12/2009, 02/12/2009. Values of 352 records in Conductivity are missing for dates: 02/19/2008, 02/20/2008, 02/21/2008, 03/08/2008, 03/09/2008, 05/07/2008-05/13/2008, 06/01/2008, 07/28/2008, 09/11/2008, 11/04/2008, 12/12/2008, 12/13/2008, 01/09/2009, 01/11/2009, 01/12/2009, 02/08/2009, 02/09/2009, 02/12/2009, 02/24/2009. Values of 33 records in Pressure are missing for dates: 02/19/2008, 05/13/2008, 06/01/2008, 07/28/2008, 09/11/2008, 11/04/2008, 12/12/2008. Values of 33 records in Depth are missing for dates: 02/19/2008, 05/13/2008, 06/01/2008, 07/28/2008, 09/11/2008, 11/04/2008, 12/12/2008. Values of 181 records in Salinity were flagged as Q (questionable value) for dates: 03/09/2008, 06/01/2008, 06/02/2008, 06/04/2008, 06/05/2008, 06/30/2008, 07/01/2008, 07/31/2008, 09/08/2008-09/11/2008, 11/16/2008, 12/12/2008, 01/08/2009, 01/09/2009, 01/11/2009, 01/12/2009, 02/12/2009. Values of 352 records in Salinity are missing for dates: 02/19/2008, 02/20/2008, 02/21/2008, 03/08/2008, 03/09/2008, 05/07/2008-05/13/2008, 06/01/2008, 07/28/2008, 09/11/2008, 11/04/2008, 12/12/2008, 12/13/2008, 01/09/2009, 01/11/2009, 01/12/2009, 02/08/2009, 02/09/2009, 02/12/2009, 02/24/2009. Values of 187 records in Sigma_t were flagged as Q (questionable value) for dates: 03/09/2008, 06/01/2008, 06/02/2008, 06/04/2008, 06/05/2008, 06/30/2008, 07/01/2008, 07/31/2008, 09/08/2008-09/11/2008, 11/16/2008, 12/12/2008, 01/08/2009, 01/09/2009, 01/11/2009, 01/12/2009, 02/12/2009. Values of 346 records in Sigma_t are missing for dates: 02/19/2008, 02/20/2008, 02/21/2008, 03/08/2008, 03/09/2008, 05/07/2008-05/13/2008, 06/01/2008, 07/28/2008, 09/11/2008, 11/04/2008, 12/12/2008, 12/13/2008, 01/09/2009, 01/12/2009, 02/08/2009, 02/09/2009, 02/24/2009. V. Supplemental Descriptors A. Data Acquisition 1. Data Forms: Copies of CTD cast logs and raw data are maintained at the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems Information Management Office 2. Form Location: GCE-LTER Information Management Office, Dept. of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 3. Data Entry Validation: not specified B. Quality Assurance/Quality Control Procedures: QA/QC flags are generated automatically according to domain criteria specified for each data column, then subsequently reviewed and revised as appropriate. Coded flag columns are generated for each data column, listing qualifier flags assigned to the data value on the corresponding row. C. Supplemental Materials: not applicable D. Computer Programs: Sea-Bird Electronics Sea-Soft version 4.246, MATLAB version 2013B E. Archival Practices: Data sets and documentation are stored in structured binary (Matlab 5.x files) and delimited ASCII text formats, and archived on magnetic tape and CD at the GCE LTER Information Management Office at the University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA F. Publications: unspecified G. History of Data Set Usage 1. Data Request History: unspecified 2. Data Set Update History: not updated 3. Review History: Instrument deployment, maintenance and retrieval observations: Sonde# 2413 Site# 2 Set up by J. Shalack Date 11/6/07 Time on 2000 GMT Date 11/6/07 Time into water 1815 Date 2/19/08 Time out of water 1858 Date 2/19/08 Time off 2145 Sample interval 1800 Deployment information Date 11/6/07 Time 1815 ysi sal 29.5 ysi temp 18.4 water depth 7.6ft sensor height above bottom - 4ft Retrieval information Date 2/19/08 Time 1858 ysi sal 27.3 ysi temp 16.1 water depth 1.5m Instrument condition sensor tube very clean Upload filename 02080213 Maintenance record Date 11/27/07 Time 1850 Sal 31.3 Temp 17.0 Depth 9.7ft Condition - sensor tube very clean Date 12/11/07 Time 2204 Sal 31.6 Temp 17.5 Depth 5.5ft Condition- sensor tube clean Date 1/4/08 Time 1611 Sal 31.7 Temp 10.1 Depth 7.4ft Condition-sensor tube clean Date 1/17/08 Time 1523 Sal 24 Temp 14.0 Depth 7.4ft Condition- sensor tube very clean Date 2/7/08 Time 1651 Sal 32 Temp 17 Depth 9.4ft Condition- sensor tube very clean Instrument deployment, maintenance and retrieval observations: Sonde# 2398 Site# 2 Set up by J. Shalack Date 2/19/08 Time on 2000 GMT Date 2/19/08 Time into water 1858 Date 5/13/08 Time out of water 1600 Date 5/13/08 Time off 1930 Sample interval 1800 Deployment information Date 2/19/08 Time 1858 ysi sal 27.3 ysi temp 16.1 water depth 1.5m sensor height above bottom - 6'-5" Retrieval information Date 5/13/08 Time 1600 ysi sal 27.1 ysi temp 23.3 water depth 2.5m Instrument condition sensor tube clogged Upload filename 02080598 Maintenance record Date 3/12/08 Time 1548 Sal 24.2 Temp 16.6 Depth 3.9m Condition - sensor tube very clean Date 4/1/08 Time 1542 Sal 23.8 Temp 18.6 Depth 1.7m Condition- sensor tube very clean Date 4/19/08 Time 1905 Sal 26.5 Temp 19.4 Depth 1.7m Condition-sensor tube very clean Instrument deployment, maintenance and retrieval observations: Sonde# 4961 Site# 2 Set up by J. Shalack Date 5/13/08 Time on NA GMT Date 5/13/08 Time into water 1600 Date 7/28/08 Time out of water 1714 Date 7/28/08 Time off 2040 Sample interval 1800 Deployment information Date 5/13/08 Time 1600 ysi sal 27.1 ysi temp 23.3 water depth 2.5m Retrieval information Date 7/28/08 Time 1714 ysi sal 32.3 ysi temp 30.8 water depth 2.3m Instrument condition sensor tube clean Upload filename 02080761 Maintenance record Date 6/9/08 Time 2153 Sal 30.0 Temp 30.5 Depth 2.7m Condition - sensor tube clean Date 6/27/08 Time 1607 Sal 29.8 Temp 29.3 Depth 2.4m Condition- sensor tube very clean Date 7/18/08 Time 1331 Sal and Temp (get from CTD cast) Depth 3.9m Condition-sensor tube dirty Instrument deployment, maintenance and retrieval observations: Sonde# 1795 Site# 2 Set up by J. Shalack Date 7/28/08 Time on 2000 GMT Date 7/28/08 Time into water 1714 Date 11/04/08 Time out of water 1358 Date 11/4/08 Time off 1615 Sample interval 1800 Deployment information Date 7/28/08 Time 1714 ysi sal 32.3 ysi temp 30.8 water depth 2.3m Retrieval information Date 11/4/08 Time 1358 ysi sal 31.7 ysi temp 17.5 water depth 2.9 Instrument condition sensor tube clean Upload filename 02081195 Maintenance record Date 8/19/08 Time 2215 Sal 32.7 Temp 29.1 Depth 2.5m Condition - sensor tube very clean Date 9/11/08 Time 1524 Sal 31.4 Temp 29.6 Depth 2.3m Condition- sensor tube very clean Date 9/29/08 Time 1946 Sal 33.6 Temp 24.9 Depth 2.1m Condition-sensor tube dirty Date 10/13/08 Time 1904 Sal 32.0 Temp 24.5 Depth 2.1m Condition- sensor tube clean Instrument deployment, maintenance and retrieval observations: Sonde# 1791 Site# 2 Set up by J. Shalack Date 11/4/08 Time on 2000 GMT Date 11/4/08 Time into water 1358 Date 2/24/09 Time out of water 1708 Date 2/24/09 Time off 1935 Sample interval 1800 Deployment information Date 11/4/08 Time 1358 ysi sal 31.7 ysi temp 17.5 water depth 2.9m Retrieval information Date 2/24/09 Time 1708 ysi sal 29.7 ysi temp 12.2 water depth 2.6m Instrument condition sensor tube clean Upload filename 02090291 Maintenance record Date 11/25/08 Time 1403 Sal 32.7 Temp 11.9 Depth 3.2m Condition - sensor tube clean Date 12/17/08 Time 1932 Sal 31.6 Temp 14.9 Depth 3.6m Condition- sensor tube clean Date 1/9/09 Time 1727 Sal 28.7 Temp 14.4 Depth 1.4m Condition-sensor tube clean Date 2/3/09 Time 1606 Sal 29.3 Temp 11.7 Depth 3.0m Condition- sensor tube clean 4. Questions and Comments from Users: none