I. Data Set Descriptors A. Title: Daniela Di Iorio. 2015. Daily Summary of Continuous salinity, temperature and depth measurements from moored hydrographic data loggers deployed at GCE11_Hydro (Altamaha River near Lewis Creek, Georgia) from 07-Oct-2014 through 31-Dec-2014. Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Data Catalog (data set PHY-GCEM-1501i; http://gce-lter.marsci.uga.edu/public/app/dataset_details.asp?accession=PHY-GCEM-1501i) B. Accession Number: PHY-GCEM-1501i C. Description 1. Originator(s): Name: Daniela Di Iorio Address: Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia Postal Code: 30602 Country: USA Email: daniela@uga.edu 2. Abstract: Conductivity, temperature and pressure were measured continuously at Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER sampling location GCE11_Hydro (Altamaha River near Lewis Creek, Georgia) from 07-Oct-2014 through 31-Dec-2014. Observations were logged at 30 minute intervals by moored Sea-Bird Electronics MicroCAT 37-SM data loggers and downloaded approximately semi-monthly. Salinity, depth and sigma-t (density anomaly) were calculated from the measured parameters using standard UNESCO algorithms. This data set was collected as part of the GCE-LTER Project continuous salinity, temperature and water level monitoring program. 3. Study Type: Monitoring 4. Study Themes: Physical Oceanography 5. LTER Core Areas: Inorganic Fluxes 6. Georeferences: geographic coordinates as data set columns 7. Submission Date: not submitted D. Keywords: conductivity, density, depth, Hydrographic Moorings, hydrography, Inorganic Nutrients, monitoring, mooring, pressure, salinity, sonde, temperature, water column, water quality II. Research Origin Descriptors A. Overall Project Description 1. Project Title: Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER III 2. Principal Investigators: Name: Merryl Alber Address: Dept. of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia Postal Code: 30602-3636 Country: USA Email: malber@uga.edu Name: Steven C. Pennings Address: Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas Postal Code: 77204-5513 Country: USA Email: scpennin@central.uh.edu 3. Funding Period: 01-Nov-2012 to 01-Nov-2018 4. Objectives: The research proposed for GCE-III is designed to address how variations in salinity and inundation, driven by climate change and anthropogenic factors, affect biotic and ecosystem responses at different spatial and temporal scales, and to predict the consequences of these changes for habitat provisioning and carbon (C) sequestration across the coastal landscape. 5. Abstract: The Georgia Coastal Ecosystems (GCE) LTER is located along three adjacent sounds on the Atlantic coast and includes both intertidal marshes and estuaries. Long-term drivers of climate change, sea level rise and human alterations of the landscape will cause transitions in dominant habitat types (state changes) within the GCE domain by changing the amounts and patterns of water delivery across the landscape. These changes in water delivery can be conceptualized as presses and pulses in river inflow, local runoff, groundwater input, and tidal inundation, which will in turn manifest themselves as changes in salinity and inundation patterns in the domain. The research proposed for GCE-III is designed to address how variations in salinity and inundation, driven by climate change and anthropogenic factors, affect biotic and ecosystem responses at different spatial and temporal scales, and to predict the consequences of these changes for habitat provisioning and carbon (C) sequestration across the coastal landscape. The goals are to: 1) Track long-term changes in climate and human actions in the watershed and adjacent uplands, and evaluate the effects of these drivers on domain boundary conditions. 2) Describe temporal and spatial variability in physical, chemical, geological and biological, and to evaluate how they are affected by variations in river inflow and other boundary conditions. 3) Characterize the responses of three dominant habitats in the domain to pulses and presses in salinity and inundation. 4) Describe patterns of habitat provisioning and C sequestration and export in the GCE domain, and to evaluate how these might be affected by changes in salinity and inundation. These efforts will be synthesized into a synoptic understanding of both biotic and ecosystem responses to variations in salinity and inundation driven by climate change and human activities, which will be used to assess thresholds between habitats and the potential for state changes in the domain. 6. Funding Source: NSF OCE-9982133, OCE-0620959 and OCE-1237140 B. Sub-project Description 1. Site Description a. Geographic Location: GCE-AL -- Altamaha River, Georgia, USA GCE11_Hydro -- Lewis Creek hydrographic datalogger deployment Coordinates: GCE-AL -- NW: 81 34 56.3 W, 31 24 05.1 N NE: 81 14 16.6 W, 31 24 05.1 N SE: 81 14 16.6 W, 31 17 45.7 N SW: 81 34 56.3 W, 31 17 45.7 N GCE11_Hydro -- 81 29 34.1 W, 31 22 45.8 N b. Physiographic Region: GCE-AL -- Estuary and tidal marsh GCE11_Hydro -- Estuary and tidal marsh c. Landform Components: GCE-AL -- Intertidal marsh bordering sounds, tidal channels and creeks GCE11_Hydro -- Intertidal marsh bordering sounds, tidal channels and creeks d. Hydrographic Characteristics: GCE-AL -- Site encompasses the Altamaha River estuary and nearby tidal creeks, and is subject to 2-3.4m semi-diurnal tides. High freshwater input from the Altamaha River, one of the largest rivers in the Southeastern United States. GCE11_Hydro -- Site encompasses the Altamaha River estuary and nearby tidal creeks, and is subject to 2-3.4m semi-diurnal tides. High freshwater input from the Altamaha River, one of the largest rivers in the Southeastern United States. e. Topographic Attributes: GCE-AL -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3.4m above mean low tide GCE11_Hydro -- Flat, with elevations ranging from 0-3.4m above mean low tide f. Geology, Lithology and Soils: GCE-AL -- unspecified GCE11_Hydro -- unspecified g. Vegetation Communities: GCE-AL -- unspecified GCE11_Hydro -- unspecified h. History of Land Use and Disturbance: i. Climate: Climate summary for Sapelo Island, Georgia, based on NWS data from 1980-2001: Daily-aggregated Values: Mean (sample standard deviation) mean air temperature: 19.78°C (6.98°C) minimum air temperature: 14.64°C (7.54°C) maximum air temperature: 24.62°C (6.78°C) total precipitation: 3.58mm (11.35mm) Yearly-aggregated Values: Mean (sample standard deviation) total precipitation (1981-2000): 1302mm (250mm) 2. Experimental or Sampling Design a. Design Characteristics: Conductivity, temperature and pressure were continuously monitored using an autonomous data-logging sensor package (sonde) that was moored to a piling and submerged 1-1.5m below mean low water. b. Permanent Plots: none c. Data Collection Duration and Frequency: The MicroCAT was programmed to autonomously measure and log conductivity, temperature and pressure at a sampling rate of 30 minutes (based on its internal chronometer). Upon retrieval the data was downloaded from the instrument via RS-232 serial communications and processed using custom Matlab(r) procedures to calculate depth (i.e. from pressure and latitude), salinity and sigma-t (i.e. from conductivity and temperature), and date and time components from sample time stamps. Beginning of Observations: 07-Oct-2014 End of Observations: 31-Dec-2014 3. Research Methods a. Field and Laboratory Methods: Deployment -- The MicroCAT was mounted inside a protective PVC pipe enclosure and attached to a wooden piling (~12 inch diameter) that was driven firmly into the substrate. The enclosure was constructed from a 10-foot length of 6-inch (internal diameter) PVC pipe that was perforated all over by drilling 1.5-inch holes (at approximately 4-inch spacing); this permits proper water circulation within the enclosure. The bottom of the PVC pipe was submerged about 5 feet below the water surface at low tide and bolted (vertically) to the piling. The MicroCAT was deployed by lowering it into the enclosure on a 0.375-inch stainless steel cable, and bolting the cable to the piling, so that the bottom of the data logger was ~3 inches above the bottom of the PVC pipe. A weighted surveyor's tape was then used to measure the distance from the substrate to the pressure sensor on the MicroCAT for calculation of total water column depth from pressure readings. The mooring was inspected every 1-3 weeks, and any visible fouling of the enclosure or MicroCAT was removed with a brush or scaper. Retrieval and Calibration -- At the end of each measurement period (approximately 2 months), the MicroCAT was unshackled from the cable and returned to the laboratory. The stored data was uploaded to a computer using a RS-232 serial cable and Sea-Bird Electronics SEATERM software. The MicroCAT was then cleaned to remove encrusting material and calibrated with a reference instrument at 4 to 5 salinity levels, generally ranging from 30 to 5 PSU. Data Processing -- Data were processed after each retrieval using custom programs in the GCE Data Toolbox for MATLAB (parse_37sm and imp_gcesonde). Depth was calculated from recorded pressure and latitude values, and salinity and sigma-t were calculated from recorded conductivity and temperature values using standard UNESCO algorithms (reference: Unesco. 1983. Algorithms for computation of fundamental properties of seawater, 1983. Unesco Technical Papers in Marine Science No. 44, 53 pp.). Data were then plotted and visually inspected for evidence of biofouling of the conductivity sensor (i.e. prolonged periods of damped tidal oscillation in conductivity signal with no corresponding changes in temperature signal and no wind or rainfall events recorded at nearby monitoring stations, or periods of damped oscillation immediately followed by normal oscillation after instrument maintenance or replacement). Conductivity values recorded during periods of suspected biofouling were flagged as I (invalid) if visible fouling was noted in maintenance logs, and Q (questionable) if no visible fouling was noted. Daily Aggregation -- The finalized 30-minute resolution data set was filtered to remove any remaining invalid values (i.e. assigned qualifier flags of 'I' = invalid value or 'X' = excise row), then padded with empty rows to produce a monotonic time series data set with even time steps. The data records were then aggregated (grouped) by Year, Month, Day, Site, Longitude and Latitude, and relevant summary statistics were calculated for each measured variable in each group and added as data columns. Quality control rules were defined for each calculated column to flag statistics based on days with more than 35% missing values as invalid, and more than 10% missing values or 35% flagged values as questionable. Columns listing the number and percentage of missing and flagged values in the original data set for each day were also added as data columns for reference by quality control rules. Following aggregation, summary statistics flagged as invalid were removed from the daily-aggregated data set and converted to missing (NaN). b. Instrumentation: Moored CTD datalogger (Sea-Bird Electronics Inc., model MicroCAT 37-SM S/N 2539, last factory calibration 19-Apr-2011) Moored CTD datalogger (Sea-Bird Electronics Inc., model MicroCAT 37-SM S/N 1795, last factory calibration 11-Aug-2011) c. Taxonomy and Systematics: not applicable d. Speclies List: e. Permit History: 4. Project Personnel a. Personnel: 1: Daniela Di Iorio 2: Wade M. Sheldon 3: Jacob Shalack b. Affiliations: 1: University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 2: University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 3: University of Georgia Marine Inst., Sapelo Island, Georgia III. Data Set Status and Accessibility A. Status 1. Latest Update: 04-Jun-2015 2. Latest Archive Date: 3. Latest Metadata Update: 04-Jun-2015 4. Data Verification Status: new submission B. Accessibility 1. Storage Location and Medium: Stored at GCE-LTER Data Management Office Dept. of Marine Sciences Univ. of Georgia Athens, GA 30602-3636 USA on media: electronic data download (WWW) or compact disk 2. Contact Person: Name: Wade M. Sheldon, Jr. Position: GCE-LTER Information Manager Address: Dept. of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia Postal Code: 30602-3636 Country: USA Email: gcelter@uga.edu 3. Copyright Restrictions: not copyrighted 4. Restrictions: All publications based on this data set must cite the contributor and Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER project, and two copies of the manuscript must be submitted to the GCE-LTER Information Management Office. a. Release Date: Affiliates: 15-Apr-2015, Public: 14-Apr-2016 b. Citation: Data provided by the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems Long Term Ecological Research Project, supported by funds from National Science Foundation Grants OCE-9982133, OCE-0620959 and OCE-1237140 c. Disclaimer: The user assumes all responsibility for errors in judgement based on interpretation of data and analyses presented in this data set. 5. Costs: free electronic data download via WWW, distribution on CD may be subject to nominal processing and handling fee IV. Data Structural Descriptors A. Data Set File 1. File Name: PHY-GCEM-1501i_Daily_1_0.CSV 2. Size: 86 records 3. File Format: ASCII text (comma-separated value format) 3a. Delimiters: single comma 4. Header Information: 5 lines of ASCII text 5. Alphanumeric Attributes: none 6. Quality Control Flag Codes: Q = questionable value, I = invalid value (out of range), S = spike/noise, X = excise row flag 7. Authentication Procedures: not specified 8. Calculations: Depth(m) = sw_dpth(Pressure(dbar),Latitude(deg)) -- sw_dpth (salt water depth from pressure) Matlab function, Revision: 1.3, Date: 10-Oct-1994 (C)1992 CSIRO, Phil Morgan (morgan@ml.csiro.au) [Salinity(psu),Sigma_t] = salsig2(Depth(m),Temperature(C),Conductivity(mmho/cm)) -- salsig2 (salinity and sigma-t from conductivity, temperature and depth) Matlab function Revision 06-May-1992 by V. Holliday, as modified by Tom Gross and Julie Amft (julie@skio.peachnet.edu) 9. Processing History: Software version: GCE Data Toolbox Version 3.9.3 (06-Apr-2015) Data structure version: GCE Data Structure 1.1 (29-Mar-2001) Original data files processed: 11141239.cnv (3165 records) 11150495.asc (5386 records) Data processing history: 12-Dec-2014: data uploaded from SBE 37-SM MicroCAT using SEATERM software version 1.00k 15-Apr-2015: new GCE Data Structure 1.1 created ('newstruct') 15-Apr-2015: data imported from processed SBE SM-37 sonde data file '11141239.cnv' (3165 records) ('imp_gcesonde') 15-Apr-2015: deleted column Second from the structure ('deletecols') 15-Apr-2015: calculated calendar date in MATLAB serial day (base 1/1/0000) format from individual date component columns Year, Month, Day, Hour and Minute, added 'Date' column at position 1 ('add_datecol') 15-Apr-2015: added column 'Instrument' at position 1 ('addcol') 15-Apr-2015: added column 'Pump' at position 2 ('addcol') 15-Apr-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Pump, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 15-Apr-2015: added column 'Latitude' at position 1 ('addcol') 15-Apr-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Latitude, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 15-Apr-2015: added column 'Longitude' at position 1 ('addcol') 15-Apr-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Longitude, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 15-Apr-2015: added column 'Site' at position 1 ('addcol') 15-Apr-2015: matched 3165 out of 3165 geographic coordinates in columns Latitude and Longitude to coordinates for registered locations in the file 'geo_locations.mat' within a distance tolerance of 0.5km (add_locations) 15-Apr-2015: added column 'Station' at position 2 ('addcol') 15-Apr-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Station, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 15-Apr-2015: added geographic metadata based on matching values in column Station to location and station names registered in 'geo_locations.mat' ('add_sitemetadata') 15-Apr-2015: updated 8 metadata fields in the Site sections ('addmeta') 15-Apr-2015: added column 'Calibration' at position 19 ('addcol') 15-Apr-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Calibration, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 15-Apr-2015: updated 13 metadata fields in the Data, Dataset, Status, Study, Supplement sections ('addmeta') 15-Apr-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 15-Apr-2015: edited structure data ('ui_datagrid'): deleted record(s) 3154, 3155, 3156, 3157, 3158, 3159, 3160, 3161, 3162, 3163, 3164 and 3165 15-Apr-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 16-Apr-2015: 5384 rows added at the bottom of the data set ('datamerge') 16-Apr-2015: updated 13 metadata fields in the Data, Dataset, Status, Study, Supplement sections ('addmeta') 16-Apr-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 16-Apr-2015: query 'Year==2014' run, returned 4081 of 8537 data rows ('querydata') 16-Apr-2015: automatically assigned study date metadata descriptors based on the range of date values in date/time columns (add_studydates) 16-Apr-2015: manually edited data set metadata ('ui_editmetadata') 16-Apr-2015: edited data set title in structure and metadata ('ui_editor') 16-Apr-2015: inserted 3 new records with date/time values and NaN/null data values (replicating common values in the non-data columns Site, Station, Longitude, Latitude, Instrument, Pump and Calibration) to fill in date/time interval gaps in the data series ('pad_date_gaps') 16-Apr-2015: sorted by column Date(ascending) ('sortdata') 16-Apr-2015: deleted existing datetime columns Year, Month, Day, Hour and Minute; updated Year, Month, Day, Hour and Minute datetime columns added after column Date ('add_datepartcols') 16-Apr-2015: updated 1 metadata fields in the Data sections ('addmeta') 16-Apr-2015: sorted by column Date(ascending) ('sortdata') 16-Apr-2015: replaced 3 missing values in column Temperature with estimated values based on 1D interpolation of Temperature as a function of Date using the MATLAB 8.2 function 'interp1' with the 'pchip' (piecewise cubic Hermite interpolation) method option, excluding data gaps with more than 12 consecutive missing values, and flagging the estimated values as 'E' ('interp_missing') 16-Apr-2015: 3 values in 'Temperature' were updated with new values ('update_data'): changed record 3154 from NaN to 11.559, changed record 3155 from NaN to 11.607, changed record 3156 from NaN to 11.657 16-Apr-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Temperature, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 16-Apr-2015: replaced 3 missing values in column Conductivity with estimated values based on 1D interpolation of Conductivity as a function of Date using the MATLAB 8.2 function 'interp1' with the 'pchip' (piecewise cubic Hermite interpolation) method option, excluding data gaps with more than 12 consecutive missing values, and flagging the estimated values as 'E' ('interp_missing') 16-Apr-2015: 3 values in 'Conductivity' were updated with new values ('update_data'): changed record 3154 from NaN to 0.014, changed record 3155 from NaN to 0.014, changed record 3156 from NaN to 0.015 16-Apr-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Conductivity, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 16-Apr-2015: replaced 3 missing values in column Pressure with estimated values based on 1D interpolation of Pressure as a function of Date using the MATLAB 8.2 function 'interp1' with the 'pchip' (piecewise cubic Hermite interpolation) method option, excluding data gaps with more than 12 consecutive missing values, and flagging the estimated values as 'E' ('interp_missing') 16-Apr-2015: 3 values in 'Pressure' were updated with new values ('update_data'): changed record 3154 from NaN to 1.481, changed record 3155 from NaN to 1.660, changed record 3156 from NaN to 1.841 16-Apr-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Pressure, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 16-Apr-2015: replaced 3 missing values in column Depth with estimated values based on 1D interpolation of Depth as a function of Date using the MATLAB 8.2 function 'interp1' with the 'pchip' (piecewise cubic Hermite interpolation) method option, excluding data gaps with more than 12 consecutive missing values, and flagging the estimated values as 'E' ('interp_missing') 16-Apr-2015: 3 values in 'Depth' were updated with new values ('update_data'): changed record 3154 from NaN to 1.471, changed record 3155 from NaN to 1.648, changed record 3156 from NaN to 1.829 16-Apr-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Depth, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 16-Apr-2015: replaced 3 missing values in column Salinity with estimated values based on 1D interpolation of Salinity as a function of Date using the MATLAB 8.2 function 'interp1' with the 'pchip' (piecewise cubic Hermite interpolation) method option, excluding data gaps with more than 12 consecutive missing values, and flagging the estimated values as 'E' ('interp_missing') 16-Apr-2015: 3 values in 'Salinity' were updated with new values ('update_data'): changed record 3154 from NaN to 0.089, changed record 3155 from NaN to 0.092, changed record 3156 from NaN to 0.094 16-Apr-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Salinity, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 16-Apr-2015: replaced 3 missing values in column Sigma_t with estimated values based on 1D interpolation of Sigma_t as a function of Date using the MATLAB 8.2 function 'interp1' with the 'pchip' (piecewise cubic Hermite interpolation) method option, excluding data gaps with more than 12 consecutive missing values, and flagging the estimated values as 'E' ('interp_missing') 16-Apr-2015: 3 values in 'Sigma_t' were updated with new values ('update_data'): changed record 3154 from NaN to -0.381, changed record 3155 from NaN to -0.384, changed record 3156 from NaN to -0.388 16-Apr-2015: Q/C flagging criteria applied for column(s) Sigma_t, 'flags' field updated ('dataflag') 16-Apr-2015: manually edited data set metadata ('ui_editmetadata') 16-Apr-2015: documented flagged and missing values in columns Instrument, Temperature, Conductivity, Pressure, Depth, Salinity and Sigma_t as data set anomalies in the metadata ('add_anomalies') 03-Jun-2015: query 'Year=2014' run, returned 4084 of 4084 data rows ('querydata') 03-Jun-2015: copied QA/QC flags from column(s) Conductivity and Temperature to column(s) Salinity and Sigma_t, merging copied flags with any existing flags, and set QA/QC criteria for destination column(s) to 'manual' ('copyflags') 03-Jun-2015: imported all documentation metadata from the template 'GCE_Sonde', retaining existing attribute descriptors for all columns ('meta_template') 03-Jun-2015: updated 40 metadata fields in the Data, Dataset, Project, Site, Status, Study, Supplement sections ('addmeta') 03-Jun-2015: updated title ('newtitle') 03-Jun-2015: added geographic metadata based on matching values in column Station to location and station names registered in 'geo_locations.mat' ('add_sitemetadata') 03-Jun-2015: updated 8 metadata fields in the Site sections ('addmeta') 03-Jun-2015: updated title ('newtitle') 03-Jun-2015: updated 1 metadata fields in the Dataset sections ('addmeta') 04-Jun-2015: deleted columns Calibration and Pump from the structure ('deletecols') 04-Jun-2015: performed daily statistical aggregation on data columns Temperature, Conductivity, Pressure, Depth, Salinity and Sigma_t by grouping on columns Site, Longitude, Latitude, Year, Month and Day (aggr_datetime) 04-Jun-2015: updated title ('newtitle') 04-Jun-2015: updated 1 metadata fields in the Dataset sections ('addmeta') 04-Jun-2015: calculated calendar date in MATLAB serial day (base 1/1/0000) format from individual date component columns Year, Month and Day, added 'Date' column at position 4 ('add_datecol') 04-Jun-2015: updated 1 metadata fields in the Study sections ('addmeta') 04-Jun-2015: converted dates in column(s) Date to format yyyy-mm-dd 04-Jun-2015: updated 6 metadata fields in the Data sections ('addmeta') 04-Jun-2015: updated 15 metadata fields in the Status, Data sections to reflect attribute metadata ('updatecols') 04-Jun-2015: parsed and formatted metadata ('listmeta') B. Variable Information 1. Variable Name: column 1. Site column 2. Longitude column 3. Latitude column 4. Date column 5. Year column 6. Month column 7. Day column 8. Missing_Temperature column 9. Percent_Missing_Temperature column 10. Flagged_Temperature column 11. Percent_Flagged_Temperature column 12. Daily_Num_Temperature column 13. Daily_Min_Temperature column 14. Daily_Max_Temperature column 15. Daily_Mean_Temperature column 16. Daily_StdDev_Temperature column 17. Daily_SE_Temperature column 18. Missing_Conductivity column 19. Percent_Missing_Conductivity column 20. Flagged_Conductivity column 21. Percent_Flagged_Conductivity column 22. Daily_Num_Conductivity column 23. Daily_Min_Conductivity column 24. Daily_Max_Conductivity column 25. Daily_Mean_Conductivity column 26. Daily_StdDev_Conductivity column 27. Daily_SE_Conductivity column 28. Missing_Pressure column 29. Percent_Missing_Pressure column 30. Flagged_Pressure column 31. Percent_Flagged_Pressure column 32. Daily_Num_Pressure column 33. Daily_Min_Pressure column 34. Daily_Max_Pressure column 35. Daily_Mean_Pressure column 36. Daily_StdDev_Pressure column 37. Daily_SE_Pressure column 38. Missing_Depth column 39. Percent_Missing_Depth column 40. Flagged_Depth column 41. Percent_Flagged_Depth column 42. Daily_Num_Depth column 43. Daily_Min_Depth column 44. Daily_Max_Depth column 45. Daily_Mean_Depth column 46. Daily_StdDev_Depth column 47. Daily_SE_Depth column 48. Missing_Salinity column 49. Percent_Missing_Salinity column 50. Flagged_Salinity column 51. Percent_Flagged_Salinity column 52. Daily_Num_Salinity column 53. Daily_Min_Salinity column 54. Daily_Max_Salinity column 55. Daily_Mean_Salinity column 56. Daily_StdDev_Salinity column 57. Daily_SE_Salinity column 58. Missing_Sigma_t column 59. Percent_Missing_Sigma_t column 60. Flagged_Sigma_t column 61. Percent_Flagged_Sigma_t column 62. Daily_Num_Sigma_t column 63. Daily_Min_Sigma_t column 64. Daily_Max_Sigma_t column 65. Daily_Mean_Sigma_t column 66. Daily_StdDev_Sigma_t column 67. Daily_SE_Sigma_t 2. Variable Definition: column 1. Nearest nominal GCE-LTER sampling site column 2. Geographic longitude in decimal degrees column 3. Geographic latitude in decimal degrees column 4. Fractional MATLAB serial day (based on 1 = January 1, 0000) column 5. Calendar year column 6. Calendar month column 7. Calendar day column 8. Number of missing observations of Water temperature column 9. Percent missing observations of Water temperature column 10. Number of QC/QA-flagged observations of Water temperature column 11. Percent QC/QA-flagged observations of Water temperature column 12. Daily Observations of Water temperature column 13. Daily Minimum Water temperature column 14. Daily Maximum Water temperature column 15. Daily Mean Water temperature column 16. Daily Sample Standard Deviation of Water temperature column 17. Daily Standard Error of Water temperature column 18. Number of missing observations of Conductivity column 19. Percent missing observations of Conductivity column 20. Number of QC/QA-flagged observations of Conductivity column 21. Percent QC/QA-flagged observations of Conductivity column 22. Daily Observations of Conductivity column 23. Daily Minimum Conductivity column 24. Daily Maximum Conductivity column 25. Daily Mean Conductivity column 26. Daily Sample Standard Deviation of Conductivity column 27. Daily Standard Error of Conductivity column 28. Number of missing observations of Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) column 29. Percent missing observations of Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) column 30. Number of QC/QA-flagged observations of Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) column 31. Percent QC/QA-flagged observations of Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) column 32. Daily Observations of Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) column 33. Daily Minimum Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) column 34. Daily Maximum Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) column 35. Daily Mean Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) column 36. Daily Sample Standard Deviation of Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) column 37. Daily Standard Error of Water pressure at sensor (approximately equivalent to water depth within 3% error) column 38. Number of missing observations of Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde column 39. Percent missing observations of Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde column 40. Number of QC/QA-flagged observations of Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde column 41. Percent QC/QA-flagged observations of Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde column 42. Daily Observations of Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde column 43. Daily Minimum Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde column 44. Daily Maximum Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde column 45. Daily Mean Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde column 46. Daily Sample Standard Deviation of Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde column 47. Daily Standard Error of Water depth to the pressure sensor of the moored sonde column 48. Number of missing observations of Salinity column 49. Percent missing observations of Salinity column 50. Number of QC/QA-flagged observations of Salinity column 51. Percent QC/QA-flagged observations of Salinity column 52. Daily Observations of Salinity column 53. Daily Minimum Salinity column 54. Daily Maximum Salinity column 55. Daily Mean Salinity column 56. Daily Sample Standard Deviation of Salinity column 57. Daily Standard Error of Salinity column 58. Number of missing observations of Sigma-t (i.e. Density-1) column 59. Percent missing observations of Sigma-t (i.e. Density-1) column 60. Number of QC/QA-flagged observations of Sigma-t (i.e. Density-1) column 61. Percent QC/QA-flagged observations of Sigma-t (i.e. Density-1) column 62. Daily Observations of Sigma-t (i.e. Density-1) column 63. Daily Minimum Sigma-t (i.e. Density-1) column 64. Daily Maximum Sigma-t (i.e. Density-1) column 65. Daily Mean Sigma-t (i.e. Density-1) column 66. Daily Sample Standard Deviation of Sigma-t (i.e. Density-1) column 67. Daily Standard Error of Sigma-t (i.e. Density-1) 3. Units of Measurement: column 1. none column 2. degrees column 3. degrees column 4. yyyy-mm-dd column 5. YYYY column 6. MM column 7. DD column 8. count column 9. % column 10. count column 11. % column 12. count column 13. °C column 14. °C column 15. °C column 16. °C column 17. °C column 18. count column 19. % column 20. count column 21. % column 22. count column 23. S/m column 24. S/m column 25. S/m column 26. S/m column 27. S/m column 28. count column 29. % column 30. count column 31. % column 32. count column 33. dbar column 34. dbar column 35. dbar column 36. dbar column 37. dbar column 38. count column 39. % column 40. count column 41. % column 42. count column 43. m column 44. m column 45. m column 46. m column 47. m column 48. count column 49. % column 50. count column 51. % column 52. count column 53. PSU column 54. PSU column 55. PSU column 56. PSU column 57. PSU column 58. count column 59. % column 60. count column 61. % column 62. count column 63. kg/m^3 column 64. kg/m^3 column 65. kg/m^3 column 66. kg/m^3 column 67. kg/m^3 4. Data Type a. Storage Type: column 1. integer column 2. floating-point column 3. floating-point column 4. string column 5. integer column 6. integer column 7. integer column 8. integer column 9. floating-point column 10. integer column 11. floating-point column 12. integer column 13. floating-point column 14. floating-point column 15. floating-point column 16. floating-point column 17. floating-point column 18. integer column 19. floating-point column 20. integer column 21. floating-point column 22. integer column 23. floating-point column 24. floating-point column 25. floating-point column 26. floating-point column 27. floating-point column 28. integer column 29. floating-point column 30. integer column 31. floating-point column 32. integer column 33. floating-point column 34. floating-point column 35. floating-point column 36. floating-point column 37. floating-point column 38. integer column 39. floating-point column 40. integer column 41. floating-point column 42. integer column 43. floating-point column 44. floating-point column 45. floating-point column 46. floating-point column 47. floating-point column 48. integer column 49. floating-point column 50. integer column 51. floating-point column 52. integer column 53. floating-point column 54. floating-point column 55. floating-point column 56. floating-point column 57. floating-point column 58. integer column 59. floating-point column 60. integer column 61. floating-point column 62. integer column 63. floating-point column 64. floating-point column 65. floating-point column 66. floating-point column 67. floating-point b. Variable Codes: c. Numeric Range: column 1. 11 to 11 column 2. -81.4928 to -81.4928 column 3. 31.3794 to 31.3794 column 4. (none) column 5. 2014 to 2014 column 6. 10 to 12 column 7. 1 to 31 column 8. 0 to 0 column 9. 0 to 0 column 10. 0 to 3 column 11. 0 to 5.8824 column 12. 4 to 48 column 13. 10.8984 to 25.8225 column 14. 11.6137 to 26.3862 column 15. 11.1985 to 26.0853 column 16. 0.056895 to 0.71685 column 17. 0.0082121 to 0.10347 column 18. 0 to 0 column 19. 0 to 0 column 20. 0 to 3 column 21. 0 to 5.8824 column 22. 4 to 48 column 23. 0.00682 to 0.03123 column 24. 0.00758 to 0.21806 column 25. 0.007185 to 0.076745 column 26. 0.00018085 to 0.05782 column 27. 2.6104e-05 to 0.0083456 column 28. 0 to 0 column 29. 0 to 0 column 30. 0 to 3 column 31. 0 to 5.8824 column 32. 4 to 48 column 33. 0.518 to 1.531 column 34. 2.14 to 2.888 column 35. 1.3796 to 2.3429 column 36. 0.32947 to 0.62613 column 37. 0.059734 to 0.16474 column 38. 0 to 0 column 39. 0 to 0 column 40. 0 to 3 column 41. 0 to 5.8824 column 42. 4 to 48 column 43. 0.51442 to 1.5204 column 44. 2.1252 to 2.868 column 45. 1.3701 to 2.3267 column 46. 0.32719 to 0.6218 column 47. 0.059321 to 0.16359 column 48. 0 to 0 column 49. 0 to 0 column 50. 0 to 3 column 51. 0 to 5.8824 column 52. 4 to 48 column 53. 0.04313 to 0.17601 column 54. 0.046509 to 1.4406 column 55. 0.044685 to 0.50142 column 56. 0.00093895 to 0.38991 column 57. 0.00013553 to 0.056279 column 58. 0 to 0 column 59. 0 to 0 column 60. 0 to 3 column 61. 0 to 5.8824 column 62. 4 to 48 column 63. -3.2059 to -0.37495 column 64. -2.9624 to 0.45685 column 65. -3.0887 to -0.22302 column 66. 0.014686 to 0.28122 column 67. 0.0021197 to 0.040591 d. Missing Value Code: 5. Data Format a. Column Type: column 1. numerical column 2. numerical column 3. numerical column 4. text column 5. numerical column 6. numerical column 7. numerical column 8. numerical column 9. numerical column 10. numerical column 11. numerical column 12. numerical column 13. numerical column 14. numerical column 15. numerical column 16. numerical column 17. numerical column 18. numerical column 19. numerical column 20. numerical column 21. numerical column 22. numerical column 23. numerical column 24. numerical column 25. numerical column 26. numerical column 27. numerical column 28. numerical column 29. numerical column 30. numerical column 31. numerical column 32. numerical column 33. numerical column 34. numerical column 35. numerical column 36. numerical column 37. numerical column 38. numerical column 39. numerical column 40. numerical column 41. numerical column 42. numerical column 43. numerical column 44. numerical column 45. numerical column 46. numerical column 47. numerical column 48. numerical column 49. numerical column 50. numerical column 51. numerical column 52. numerical column 53. numerical column 54. numerical column 55. numerical column 56. numerical column 57. numerical column 58. numerical column 59. numerical column 60. numerical column 61. numerical column 62. numerical column 63. numerical column 64. numerical column 65. numerical column 66. numerical column 67. numerical b. Number of Columns: 67 c. Decimal Places: column 1. 0 column 2. 6 column 3. 6 column 4. 0 column 5. 0 column 6. 0 column 7. 0 column 8. 0 column 9. 2 column 10. 0 column 11. 2 column 12. 0 column 13. 3 column 14. 3 column 15. 4 column 16. 4 column 17. 5 column 18. 0 column 19. 2 column 20. 0 column 21. 2 column 22. 0 column 23. 3 column 24. 3 column 25. 4 column 26. 4 column 27. 5 column 28. 0 column 29. 2 column 30. 0 column 31. 2 column 32. 0 column 33. 3 column 34. 3 column 35. 4 column 36. 4 column 37. 5 column 38. 0 column 39. 2 column 40. 0 column 41. 2 column 42. 0 column 43. 3 column 44. 3 column 45. 4 column 46. 4 column 47. 5 column 48. 0 column 49. 2 column 50. 0 column 51. 2 column 52. 0 column 53. 3 column 54. 3 column 55. 4 column 56. 4 column 57. 5 column 58. 0 column 59. 2 column 60. 0 column 61. 2 column 62. 0 column 63. 3 column 64. 3 column 65. 4 column 66. 4 column 67. 5 6. Logical Variable Type: column 1. nominal (discrete) column 2. geographic coordinate (continuous) column 3. geographic coordinate (continuous) column 4. datetime (none) column 5. datetime (discrete) column 6. datetime (discrete) column 7. datetime (discrete) column 8. calculation (discrete) column 9. calculation (continuous) column 10. calculation (discrete) column 11. calculation (continuous) column 12. calculation (discrete) column 13. calculation (continuous) column 14. calculation (continuous) column 15. calculation (continuous) column 16. calculation (continuous) column 17. calculation (continuous) column 18. calculation (discrete) column 19. calculation (continuous) column 20. calculation (discrete) column 21. calculation (continuous) column 22. calculation (discrete) column 23. calculation (continuous) column 24. calculation (continuous) column 25. calculation (continuous) column 26. calculation (continuous) column 27. calculation (continuous) column 28. calculation (discrete) column 29. calculation (continuous) column 30. calculation (discrete) column 31. calculation (continuous) column 32. calculation (discrete) column 33. calculation (continuous) column 34. calculation (continuous) column 35. calculation (continuous) column 36. calculation (continuous) column 37. calculation (continuous) column 38. calculation (discrete) column 39. calculation (continuous) column 40. calculation (discrete) column 41. calculation (continuous) column 42. calculation (discrete) column 43. calculation (continuous) column 44. calculation (continuous) column 45. calculation (continuous) column 46. calculation (continuous) column 47. calculation (continuous) column 48. calculation (discrete) column 49. calculation (continuous) column 50. calculation (discrete) column 51. calculation (continuous) column 52. calculation (discrete) column 53. calculation (continuous) column 54. calculation (continuous) column 55. calculation (continuous) column 56. calculation (continuous) column 57. calculation (continuous) column 58. calculation (discrete) column 59. calculation (continuous) column 60. calculation (discrete) column 61. calculation (continuous) column 62. calculation (discrete) column 63. calculation (continuous) column 64. calculation (continuous) column 65. calculation (continuous) column 66. calculation (continuous) column 67. calculation (continuous) 7. Flagging Criteria: column 1. none column 2. none column 3. none column 4. none column 5. none column 6. none column 7. none column 8. none column 9. none column 10. none column 11. none column 12. none column 13. col_Percent_Missing_Temperature>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Temperature>15="Q";col_Percen t_Flagged_Temperature>35="Q" column 14. col_Percent_Missing_Temperature>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Temperature>15="Q";col_Percen t_Flagged_Temperature>35="Q" column 15. col_Percent_Missing_Temperature>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Temperature>15="Q";col_Percen t_Flagged_Temperature>35="Q" column 16. col_Percent_Missing_Temperature>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Temperature>15="Q";col_Percen t_Flagged_Temperature>35="Q" column 17. col_Percent_Missing_Temperature>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Temperature>15="Q";col_Percen t_Flagged_Temperature>35="Q" column 18. none column 19. none column 20. none column 21. none column 22. none column 23. col_Percent_Missing_Conductivity>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Conductivity>15="Q";col_Perc ent_Flagged_Conductivity>35="Q" column 24. col_Percent_Missing_Conductivity>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Conductivity>15="Q";col_Perc ent_Flagged_Conductivity>35="Q" column 25. col_Percent_Missing_Conductivity>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Conductivity>15="Q";col_Perc ent_Flagged_Conductivity>35="Q" column 26. col_Percent_Missing_Conductivity>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Conductivity>15="Q";col_Perc ent_Flagged_Conductivity>35="Q" column 27. col_Percent_Missing_Conductivity>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Conductivity>15="Q";col_Perc ent_Flagged_Conductivity>35="Q" column 28. none column 29. none column 30. none column 31. none column 32. none column 33. col_Percent_Missing_Pressure>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Pressure>15="Q";col_Percent_Flag ged_Pressure>35="Q" column 34. col_Percent_Missing_Pressure>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Pressure>15="Q";col_Percent_Flag ged_Pressure>35="Q" column 35. col_Percent_Missing_Pressure>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Pressure>15="Q";col_Percent_Flag ged_Pressure>35="Q" column 36. col_Percent_Missing_Pressure>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Pressure>15="Q";col_Percent_Flag ged_Pressure>35="Q" column 37. col_Percent_Missing_Pressure>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Pressure>15="Q";col_Percent_Flag ged_Pressure>35="Q" column 38. none column 39. none column 40. none column 41. none column 42. none column 43. col_Percent_Missing_Depth>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Depth>15="Q";col_Percent_Flagged_De pth>35="Q" column 44. col_Percent_Missing_Depth>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Depth>15="Q";col_Percent_Flagged_De pth>35="Q" column 45. col_Percent_Missing_Depth>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Depth>15="Q";col_Percent_Flagged_De pth>35="Q" column 46. col_Percent_Missing_Depth>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Depth>15="Q";col_Percent_Flagged_De pth>35="Q" column 47. col_Percent_Missing_Depth>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Depth>15="Q";col_Percent_Flagged_De pth>35="Q" column 48. none column 49. none column 50. none column 51. none column 52. none column 53. col_Percent_Missing_Salinity>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Salinity>15="Q";col_Percent_Flag ged_Salinity>35="Q" column 54. col_Percent_Missing_Salinity>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Salinity>15="Q";col_Percent_Flag ged_Salinity>35="Q" column 55. col_Percent_Missing_Salinity>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Salinity>15="Q";col_Percent_Flag ged_Salinity>35="Q" column 56. col_Percent_Missing_Salinity>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Salinity>15="Q";col_Percent_Flag ged_Salinity>35="Q" column 57. col_Percent_Missing_Salinity>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Salinity>15="Q";col_Percent_Flag ged_Salinity>35="Q" column 58. none column 59. none column 60. none column 61. none column 62. none column 63. col_Percent_Missing_Sigma_t>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Sigma_t>15="Q";col_Percent_Flagge d_Sigma_t>35="Q" column 64. col_Percent_Missing_Sigma_t>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Sigma_t>15="Q";col_Percent_Flagge d_Sigma_t>35="Q" column 65. col_Percent_Missing_Sigma_t>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Sigma_t>15="Q";col_Percent_Flagge d_Sigma_t>35="Q" column 66. col_Percent_Missing_Sigma_t>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Sigma_t>15="Q";col_Percent_Flagge d_Sigma_t>35="Q" column 67. col_Percent_Missing_Sigma_t>35="I";col_Percent_Missing_Sigma_t>15="Q";col_Percent_Flagge d_Sigma_t>35="Q" C. Data Anomalies: V. Supplemental Descriptors A. Data Acquisition 1. Data Forms: Copies of CTD cast logs and raw data are maintained at the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems Information Management Office 2. Form Location: GCE-LTER Information Management Office, Dept. of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 3. Data Entry Validation: not specified B. Quality Assurance/Quality Control Procedures: QA/QC flags are generated automatically according to domain criteria specified for each data column, then subsequently reviewed and revised as appropriate. Coded flag columns are generated for each data column, listing qualifier flags assigned to the data value on the corresponding row. C. Supplemental Materials: not applicable D. Computer Programs: Sea-Bird Electronics Sea-Soft version 4.246, MATLAB version 2013B E. Archival Practices: Data sets and documentation are stored in structured binary (Matlab 5.x files) and delimited ASCII text formats, and archived on magnetic tape and CD at the GCE LTER Information Management Office at the University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA F. Publications: G. History of Data Set Usage 1. Data Request History: 2. Data Set Update History: 3. Review History: Instrument deployment, maintenance and retrieval observations: Sonde# 2539 Site# 11 Set up by C. Reddy Date 10/7/14 Time on 2200 UTC Date 10/7/14 Time into water 2101 Date 12/12/14 Time out of water 1420 Date 12/12/14 Time off Sample interval 1800 Deployment information Date 10/7/14 Time 2101 ysi sal 0.2 ysi temp 23.4 water depth 5.9 m Retrieval information Date 12/12/14 Time 1420 ysi sal 0.1 ysi temp 11.5 water depth 5.7 m Instrument condition- conductivity tube Clean Upload filename 11141239 Maintenance record Date 10/20/14 Time 1916 Sal 0.2 Temp 23.2 Depth 6.1 m Condition - conductivity tube Very clean Date 11/6/14 Time 1831 Sal 0.2 Temp 17.7 Depth 6.8 m Condition - conductivity tube Very clean Date 11/21/14 Time 1726 Sal 0 Temp 14 Depth 6.6 m Condition - conductivity tube Very clean Instrument deployment, maintenance and retrieval observations: Sonde#1795 Site# 11 Set up by J. Shalack Date 12/12/14 Time on 1600 UTC Date 12/12/14 Time into water 1420 Date 4/3/15 Time out of water 1938 Date 4/3/15 Time off 2124 Sample interval 1800 Deployment information Date 12/12/14 Time 1420 ysi sal 0.1 ysi temp 11.5 water depth 5.7 m Retrieval information Date 4/3/15 Time 1938 ysi sal 0.1 ysi temp 19.6 water depth 6.8 m Instrument condition- conductivity tube clean Upload filename 11150495 Maintenance record Date 12/17/14 Time 1722 Sal 0.2 Temp 11.8 Depth 6.6 m Condition - conductivity tube very clean Date 1/5/15 Time 1957 Sal 0.1 Temp 14.5 Depth 7.4 m Condition - conductivity tube very clean Date 1/30/15 Time 1737 Sal 0.1 Temp 10.4 Depth 6.9 m Condition - conductivity tube clean Date 2/18/15 Time 1815 Sal 0.1 Temp 11.1 Depth 7.0 m Condition - conductivity tube very clean Date 3/16/15 Time 1917 Sal 0.1 Temp 20.5 Depth 6.7 m Condition - conductivity tube clean 4. Questions and Comments from Users: none