Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Data Set Details

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GCE-LTER Data Set Summary

Accession:

PLT-GCET-1405

Research Theme:

Plant Ecology (Graduate Thesis Study)

Contributors:

Hongyu Guo, Steve Pennings, Jane Buck, Christine Ewers, Daniel Saucedo, Jacob Shalack, Kazik Wieski, Yihui Zhang

Title:

Biomass and abiotic variable data in the study of the ecosystem engeneering effect of oysters on Suaeda linearis distribution in Georgia salt marshes (2008-2009)

Abstract:

Oysters are ecosystem engineers in marine ecosystems, but the functions of oyster shell deposits in intertidal salt marshes are not well understood. The annual plant Suaeda linearis is associated with oyster shell deposits in Georgia salt marshes. We hypothesized that oyster shell deposits promoted the distribution of Suaeda linearis by engineering soil conditions unfavorable to dominant salt marsh plants of the region (the shrub Borrichia frutescens, the rush Juncus roemerianus and the grass Spartina alterniflora). We tested this hypothesis using common garden pot experiments and field transplant experiments. Suaeda linearis thrived in Borrichia frutescens stands in the absence of neighbors, but was suppressed by Borrichia frutescens in the with-neighbor treatment, suggesting that Suaeda linearis was excluded from Borrichia frutescens stands by interspecific competition. Suaeda linearis plants all died in Juncus roemerianus and Spartina alterniflora stands, indicating that Suaeda linearis is excluded from these habitats by physical stress (likely water-logging). In contrast, Borrichia frutescens, Juncus roemerianus and Spartina alterniflora all performed poorly in Suaeda linearis stands regardless of neighbor treatments, probably due to physical stresses such as low soil water content and low organic matter content. Thus, oyster shell deposits play an important ecosystem engineering role in influencing salt marsh plant communities by providing a unique niche for Suaeda linearis, which otherwise would be rare or absent in salt marshes in the southeastern US. Since the success of Suaeda linearis is linked to the success of oysters, efforts to protect and restore oyster reefs may also benefit salt marsh plant communities.

DOI:

10.6073/pasta/51375130ffd7daa5ce18ff1ec507de2a

Key Words:

biodiversity, community structure, competition, distribution, ecosystems, habitat selection, habitats, oyster shell, salt marshes

LTER Core Area:

Population Studies

Research Themes:

Plant Ecology, Population Ecology

Study Period:

01-Jun-2008 to 31-Oct-2009

Study Sites:

Sapelo -- Sapelo Island, Sapelo Island, Georgia

» Download Geographic Coverage: Google Earth

Species References:

Borrichia frutescens, Juncus roemerianus, Spartina alterniflora, Suaeda linearis

Publications:

Guo, H. and Pennings, S.C. 2012. Post-mortem ecosystem engineering by oysters creates habitat for a rare marsh plant. Oecologia. 170:789-798. (DOI: 10.1007/s00442-012-2356-2)

Downloads:

Data Table: PLT-GCET-1405_a_Field-Survey (Oyster shell and water content in field survey, 50 records)